1 Taunton Courier, 30 June 1814.
2 见Maurice Agulhon, Marianne into Battle: Republican Imagery and Symbolism in France 1789—1880 (Cambridge, 1981), p. 14中所引例子。
3 Magnae Britanniae Notitia: or, The Present State of Great Britain (1716), pp. 192—193; The Laws Respecting Women as They Regard Their Natural Rights (1777), p. 65.
4 Rosalind K. Marshall, Virgins and Viragos: A History of Women in Scotland from 1080 to 1980 (1983), p. 87; and see R. A. Houston, “Women in the Economy and Society of Scotland, 1500—1800”, in Houston and I. D. Whyte (eds), Scottish Society 1500—1800 (Cambridge, 1989).
5 William Alexander, The History of Women, from the Earliest Antiquity to the Present Time (2 vols, 1779), Ⅱ, p. 336.
6 Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Emile, ou de l’éducation, in Oeuvres Complètes (5 vols, Paris, 1969), Ⅳ, p. 768.
7 Vindication of the Rights of Woman, ed. Miriam Kramnick (1975), p. 258.
8 例如，见这篇影响极大的文章, William Cadogan, An Essay upon Nursing (1748)。
9 P. J. Corfield, The Impact of English Towns 1700—1800 (Oxford, 1982), pp. 99—106.
10 Marshall, Virgins and Viragos, p. 209.
11 James Fordyce, The Character and Conduct of the Female Sex (1776), p. 19; Lady’s Magazine (1784), p. 375.
12 Paul Langford, A Polite and Commercial People: England 1727—1783 (Oxford, 1989), p. 109.
13 Edinburgh Magazine (1820), p. 339; A. J. Youngson, The Making of Classical Edinburgh 1750—1840 (Edinburgh, 1966), pp. 250—253.
14 Roy Porter在其除此之外十分出色的文章“Seeing the Past”中，Past & Present 118 (1988), p. 204。
15 Georgiana’s obituary is in Gentleman’s Magazine 76 (1806), p. 386. 目前最佳，但可能仍有局限的传记是Amanda Foreman的Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire (1998); 另见 Judith S. Lewis, Sacred to Female Patriotism: Gender, Class and Politics in Late Georgian Britain (2003)。
16 见Karl von den Steinen, “The Discovery of Women in Eighteenth-Century English Political Life”, in Barbara Kanner (ed. ), The Women of England (Hamden, Conn., 1979)。
17 见L. G. Mitchell, Charles James Fox and the Disintegration of the Whig Party (Oxford, 1971); and Loren Reid, Charles James Fox: A Man for the People (1969)。
18 Earl of Bessborough (ed. ), Georgiana: Extracts from the Correspondence of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire (1955), pp. 74—75 (着重标志由我添加)。
19 History of the Westminster Election (1784), p. 314.
20 Bessborough, Georgiana, p. 82.
21 Edward Porritt, The Unreformed House of Commons: Parliamentary Representation before 1832 (2 vols, 1963 edn), I, p. 581; H. J. Hanham, The Nineteenth-Century Constitution 1815—1914 (Cambridge, 1969), pp. 264—265.
22 Lady’s Magazine (1784), p. 205.
23 这样的观点尤其被研究大革命和拿破仑的史学家所倡导，但应用常常更为广泛：参见Michelle Perrot(ed.), A History of Private Life: From the Fires of Revolution to the Great War（1990）。我完全不反对“各自独立领域的观念”在法国大革命时期被更强烈和自觉地推进这一论断。然而，19世纪英国(实际上还有法国)妇女活动的领域，总体上似乎大于18世纪，这也是事实。
24 John Andrews, Remarks on the French and English Ladies (1783), p. 4; Mary Wollstonecraft, “A Vindication of the Rights of Women”, in The Works of Mary Wollstonecraft, ed. Janet Todd and Marilyn Butler (7 vols, 1989), Ⅵ, pp. 124—125.
25 Thomas Gisborne, An Enquiry into the Duties of the Female Sex (1796), p. 266.
26 Ibid., pp. 324—325.
27 关于雅各宾派对大革命前妇女权力的批评，见Lynn Hunt, “The Many Bodies of Marie Antoinette: Political Pornography and the Problem of the Feminine in the French Revolution”, in her Eroticism and the Body Politic (1991)。
28 Fordyce, Character and Conduct of the Female Sex, p. 27; Andrews, Remarks on the French and English Ladies, p. 245.
29 B. W. Hill (ed. ), Edmund Burke: On Government, Politics and Society (1975), pp. 337—344.
30 Joan W. Scott, Gender and the Politics of History (Cambridge, 1988), p. 48.
31 关于这一点，见Leonora Davidoff and Catherine Hall, Family Fortunes: Men and Women of the English Middle Class 1780—1850 (1987), passim。
32 The Unsex’d Females (1798), p. 16.
33 Gentleman’s Magazine 65 (1795), p. 103; Gisborne, Enquiry into the Duties of the Female Sex, pp. 213—216.
34 Houston and Whyte, Scottish Society, pp. 137—138.
35 Hansard, 1st series, 2 (1804), pp. 501—502.
36 例如，见Lady’s Monthly Magazine Ⅱ(1803), pp. 373 et seq. 中关于妇女在断头台前十分坚毅的故事。
37 Wollstonecraft, “An Historical and Moral View of the Origins and Progress of the French Revolution”, in Todd and Butler, Works, Ⅵ, p. 209（着重标志由我添加）。
38 Bessborough, Georgiana, p. 204; The Yale Edition of Horace Walpole’s Correspondence, ed. W. S. Lewis et al (48 vols, 1937—83), Ⅻ, p. 52.
39 William Roberts, Memoirs of the Life and Correspondence of Mrs Hannah More (4 vols, 1834), Ⅱ, p. 385.
40 关于法国王室倒台后，围绕着它的伤感，见David Bindman, The Shadow of the Guillotine: Britain and the French Revolution (1989), pp. 129—143, 150—154。
41 Joan Landes, Women and the Public Sphere in the Age of the French Revolution (1988), passim.
42 引自Mary Poovey, The Proper Lady and the Woman Writer: Ideology as Style in the Works of Mary Wollstonecraft, Mary Shelley and Jane Austen (1984), p. 33。
43 H. F. B. Wheeler and A. M. Broadley, Napoleon and the Invasion of England (2 vols, 1908), Ⅰ, p. 65.
44 A. Temple Patterson, Radical Leicester: A History of Leicester 1780—1850 (Leicester, 1954), p. 80.
45 Diary of William Rowbottom, 1787—1830, Oldham Local Interest Library, e. g., 10 March 1809.
46 Rebecca Fraser, The Brontes: Charlotte Bronte and Her Family (1988), pp. 33—69 passim.
47 Marie F. Busco, “The ‘Achilles’ in Hyde Park”, Burlington Magazine 130 (1988), p. 922 and passim.
48 J. W. Fortescue, A History of the British Army (13 vols, 1899—1930), IV, pp. 900—901.
49 来自Sarah Banks制作的列表，B. L., LR 301. h. 6, fols 55—64。
50 D. G. Vaisey, “The Pledge of Patriotism: Staffordshire and the Voluntary Contribution, 1798”, in M. W. Greenslade (ed. ), Essays in Staffordshire History (Staffordshire Record Society, 1970), p. 213.
51 为郡志愿兵提供服装的捐赠者名单，见National Library of Wales, Tredegar MS 1064; Report of the Committee for Managing the Patriotic Fund Established at Lloyds Coffee House (1804)。
52 Cf. Roger Chickering, “‘Casting Their Gaze More Broadly’; Women’s Patriotic Activism in Imperial Germany”, Past & Present 118 (1988).
53 Life and Correspondence of Mrs Hannah More, Ⅱ, p. 415.
54 Report of the Committee for Managing the Patriotic Fund, passim.
55 Perrot, A History of Private Life, p. 44.
56 B. L., LR 301. h. 6, fol 64.
57 见Donald Read, Peterloo: The Massacre and its Background (Manchester, 1958); Robert Reid, The Peterloo Massacre (1989)。
58 T. W. Laqueur, “The Queen Caroline Affair: Politics as Art in the Reign of George Ⅳ”, Journal of Modern History 54 (1982).
59 The Times, 14 July and 18 September 1820.
60 引自Davidoff and Hall, Family Fortunes, p. 152（着重号由我所加）。
61 Ibid., p. 151.
62 The Queen and Magna Carta, or the Thing that John Signed. Dedicated to the Ladies of Great Britain (1820), pp. 17—18.
63 The Times, 25 September 1820.
64 Laqueur, “Queen Caroline Affair”, p. 442.
65 Classically, in Davidoff and Hall, Family Fortunes, passim.
66 见我的“The Apotheosis of George Ⅲ: Loyalty, Royalty and the British Nation 1760—1820”, Past & Present 102 (1984), p. 125。
67 Ibid. 把夏洛特公主放在19世纪对妇女的态度这一更广的背景下，来给她写一本睿智的传记，将价值巨大。
68 N. B. Penny, “English Church Monuments to Women Who Died in Childbed between 1780 and 1835”, journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, 38 (l975).
69 Gentleman’s Magazine 87 (1817), p. 610.
70 Jean Bethke Elshtain, Public Man, Private Woman (1981), pp. 164—165; 另见Joel Schwartz, The Sexual Politics of Jean-Jacques Rousseau (Chicago, 1984).
71 Vindication, p. 86.
72 M. G. Jones, Hannah More (New York, 1968 edn); and see Mitzi Meyers, “Reform or Ruin: ‘A Revolution in Female Manners’”, Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture Ⅱ (1982).
73 Life and Correspondence of Mrs Hannah More, Ⅱ, p. 371.
74 Poovey, The Proper Lady, pp. 33—34.
75 Strictures on the Modern System of Female Education (2 vols, 1799), I, p. 5 and passim.
76 Females of the Present Day, Considered as to Their Influence on Society by a Country Lady (1831), pp. 1—37.
77 引自J. T. Williams, “Bearers of Moral and Spiritual Values: The Social Roles of Clergymen and Women in British Society, c. l790—c. l880, as Mirrored in Attitudes to Them as Fox-Hunters”, Oxford University D. Phil. dissertation, 1987, p. 171。
78 引自Ruth and Edmund Frow, Political Women, 1800—1850 (1989), p. 13。
79 James Epstein, “Understanding the Cap of Liberty: Symbolic Practice and Social Conflict in Early Nineteenth Century England”, Past & Present 122 (1989), pp. 100—101.
80 Ibid. 威廉·科贝特声称，平民妇女向她们的男“勇士”敬献自由帽的想法，衍生于有钱妇女向志愿军团敬献旗帜的做法。
81 Louis Billington and Rosamund Billington, “‘A Burning Zeal for Righteousness’: Women in the British Anti-Slavery Movement, 1820—1860”, in Jane Rendall (ed. ), Equal or Different: Women’s Politics 1800—1914. (Oxford, 1987).
82 Ibid. ; 另见F. K. Prochaska, Women and Philanthropy in Nineteenth-Century England (Oxford, 1980)。
83 Seymour Drescher, Capitalism and Antislavery: British Mobilization in Comparative Perspective (1986), p. 85.
84 Hansard, 2nd series, 20 (1829), p. 572.
85 Ibid., p. 1324.
86 Ibid., 3rd series, 8 (1831), p. 916.
87 Ibid., 2nd series, 20 (1829), p. 373.
88 Ibid., 3rd series, 18 (1833), p. 309.
89 Alex Tyrrell, “‘Women’s Mission’ and Pressure Group Politics in Britain (1825—1860)”, Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library 63 (1980—1981), p. 205.
