Anon.，The Scottish Ritual of Craft Freemasonry：With Tracing Boards，Edinburgh（no date）. I consulted the rituals followed by my grandfather in 1919 in my outline of the Craft ceremonies.
L.Corsi，Tommaso Crudeli，Il calamaio del Padre Inquisitore，Udine-Florence，2003. Masturbation ritual，p.121.
M.C.Duncan，Duncan’s Masonic Ritual and Monitor，New York，1966. The source of all the images in this chapter.
S.Vatcher，‘John Coustos and the Portuguese Inquisition’，AQC，81，1968：‘As the Sun gives light to the day’，p.71.‘To be recognised in any part of the World’，p.48.‘Placing his thumb on the first knuckle-joint’，p.62.‘[Coustos] said：that the only purpose they have’，p.54.‘Abbreviated，evasive and deceitful’，p.73.
M.Vigilante，‘Crudeli，Tommaso’，Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani，31，Rome，1985.
