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第二十章 伊比利亚半岛.3

作者:英-安德鲁·罗伯茨/译者:苏然 当前章节:13837 字 更新时间:2026-6-14 02:23

[51] Chaptal,Jean-Antoine,Mes souvenirs de Napoléon 1893,p.348

[52] Branda,Pierre,Napoléon et ses hommes 2012,p.271

[53] ed. Méneval,Baron Napoleon,Memoirs to Serve for the History of Napoleon Ⅰ from 1802 to 1815 3 vols.1894,Ⅰ pp.125-6

[54] ed. Méneval,Baron Napoleon,Memoirs to Serve for the History of Napoleon Ⅰ from 1802 to 1815 3 vols.1894,Ⅰ pp.121-2

[55] ed. Méneval,Baron Napoleon,Memoirs to Serve for the History of Napoleon Ⅰ from 1802 to 1815 3 vols.1894,Ⅰ p.123

[56] ed. Lentz,Thierry,Pacifications 1800-1802 2006,no.5751 p.438,November 8,1800

[57] 英葡同盟是世界上最古老的同盟:1376年,两国初次结盟;1386年、1643年、1654年、1660年、1661年、1703年、1815年、1899年、1904年、1914年,两国都重申同盟关系(1899年两国系秘密结盟);1982年马岛战争中,英国引用了英葡同盟关系。

[58] Esdaile,Charles,The Peninsular War 2002,p.5

[59] 1792年某次战斗中,法军击败西班牙军,此后戈多伊囚禁原西班牙首相阿兰达(Aranda)伯爵。

[60] ed. Bingham,D.A.,A Selection from the Letters and Despatches of the First Napoleon 3 vols.1884,Ⅰ p.349

[61] eds.Kerautret,Michel and Madec,Gabriel,Tilsit,l’Apogée de l’Empire 1807 2010,no.16336 p.1106,September 8,1807

[62] 今阿尔加维(Algrave)。——译者注

[63] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.78

[64] Esdaile,Charles,The Peninsular War 2002,p.7

[65] Lipscombe,Nick,The Peninsular War Atlas 2010,p.23

[66] eds.Kerautret,Michel and Madec,Gabriel,Tilsit,l’Apogée de l’Empire 1807 2010,no.16554 p.1204,October 17,1807

[67] ed. Woloch,Isser,Revolution and the Meanings of Freedom in the Nineteenth Century(Stanford,CA)1996,p.68

[68] ed. Bingham,D.A.,A Selection from the Letters and Despatches of the First Napoleon 3 vols.1884,Ⅱ p.352

[69] 两年后,吕西安试图逃往美洲,中途被皇家海军俘虏。他去了伍斯特郡(Worcestershire)流放,之后好几年过得舒适惬意,还写诗贬低“查理曼”(他二哥)。

[70] ed. Bingham,D.A.,A Selection from the Letters and Despatches of the First Napoleon 3 vols.1884,Ⅱ p.349

[71] Broers,Michael,Europe under Napoleon 1799-1815 1996,p.156

[72] ed. Bingham,D.A.,A Selection from the Letters and Despatches of the First Napoleon 3 vols.1884,Ⅱ p.349

[73] 今多诺斯蒂亚(Donostia)。——译者注

[74] 1713年,《乌得勒支条约》把直布罗陀割让给英国。

[75] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.17350 pp.236-7,March 9,1808

[76] ed. Woloch,Isser,Revolution and the Meanings of Freedom in the Nineteenth Century(Stanford,CA)1996,p.70

[77] Rovigo,Duc de,Mémoires du duc de Rovigo 8 vols.1828,Ⅲ p.251

[78] ed. Woloch,Isser,Revolution and the Meanings of Freedom in the Nineteenth Century(Stanford,CA)1996,p.71

[79] ed. North,Jonathan,Napoleon on Elba 2004,p.50

[80] ed. North,Jonathan,Napoleon on Elba 2004,p.50

[81] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.118

[82] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.125

[83] ed. Woloch,Isser,Revolution and the Meanings of Freedom in the Nineteenth Century(Stanford,CA)1996,p.73,Rovigo,Duc de,Mémoires du duc de Rovigo 8 vols.1828,Ⅲ p.255

[84] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.17699 p.423,April 25,1808

[85] ed. Woloch,Isser,Revolution and the Meanings of Freedom in the Nineteenth Century(Stanford,CA)1996,p.73

[86] Gates,David,‘The Wars of 1812:A French Perspective’Mars & Clio no.34 Summer 2012,p.50

[87] Gates,David,‘The Wars of 1812:A French Perspective’Mars & Clio no.34 Summer 2012,p.51

[88] Sarrazin,General,History of the War in Spain and Portugal 1815,p.33

[89] Esdaile,Charles,‘Recent Writing on Napoleon and His Wars’The Journal of Military History vol.73 issue 1 January 2009,p.211,ed. Tulard,Jean,Bibliographie critique des mémoires sur le Consultat et l’Empire 1971,p.175,Anon.,‘The Unpublished Letters of Napoleon’p.358

[90] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.17759 pp.451-4,May 2,1808

[91] Lipscombe,Nick,The Peninsular War Atlas 2010,p.23

[92] Blaze,Captain Elzéar,Life in Napoleon’s Army 1995,p.57

[93] 7月5日,在伦敦圣詹姆斯街布鲁克斯俱乐部,议员汉弗莱·豪沃思同第四代乔姆利(Cholmondeley)伯爵打赌,赌“现阶段约瑟夫·波拿巴不在马德里或其周边地区行使君主权力”,前者下注100几尼,后者下注25几尼(Brooks’s Club Betting Book)。法国人其实已在马德里掌权,不过7月20日约瑟夫才到。

[94] Rovigo,Duc de,Mémoires du duc de Rovigo 8 vols.1828,Ⅲ p.352,Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.180

[95] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.17829 p.489,May 10,1808

[96] ed. Latimer,Elizabeth,Talks of Napoleon at St-Helena 1903,p.130

[97] 塔列朗靠这一安排赚了不少:费迪南德铺设价值20万法郎的地毯,购置水力发动机给庄园供水,甚至花钱购买厨房菜园的蔬菜。Kolli,Memoirs,p.3.

[98] ed. Summerville,C.J.,The Exploits of Baron de Marbot 2000,p.283

[99] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.17699 p.423,April 25,1808

[100] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.17826 p.487,May 9,1808

[101] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.18480 p.831,July 4,1808

[102] Tulard,Jean,Le grand empire 1982,p.146

[103] Rovigo,Duc de,Mémoires du duc de Rovigo 8 vols.1828,Ⅲ p.358

[104] ed. Woloch,Isser,Revolution and the Meanings of Freedom in the Nineteenth Century(Stanford,CA)1996,pp.75-6

[105] eds. Kafker,Frank and Laux,James,Napoleon and His Times(Florida)1989,p.220 n.9

[106] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,pp.188-9

[107] Vaughan,C.R.,Narrative of the Siege of Zaragoza 1809,p.5,Bell,David A.,The First Total War 2007,p.281

[108] Vaughan,C.R.,Narrative of the Siege of Zaragoza 1809,p.22

[109] 可就连这件事也没让拿破仑取消海军计划。1808年,他写给德克雷的海量信件涉及造船的不同方面,如所需木材种类、伐木、木材运输、木材储存。1810年7月,他致信德克雷,提到他计划在1812年年底建成由110艘船组成的海军。Bingham ed.,Selection III,p.50.

[110] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.18401 p.797,June 25,1808,ed. Gueniffey,Patrice,Wagram Février 1809-Février 1810 2013,no.18659 p.930,July 25,1808

[111] Lipscombe,Nick,The Peninsular War Atlas 2010,p.52

[112] ed. Latimer,Elizabeth,Talks of Napoleon at St-Helena 1903,p.257

[113] Dumas,Lt-Gen.Comte Mathieu,Memoirs of his own Time 2 vols.1839,Ⅱ p.186,ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.18835 p.1036,September 6,1808

[114] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.18685,p.945,August 3,1808

[115] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.18797 p.1007,August 30,1808

[116] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.18619 p.909,July 19,1808

[117] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.18707 p.957,August 16,1808

[118] 五个月后,拿破仑和蒂埃博回顾维梅鲁之战细节,蒂埃博佩服他“能指出我军部署的大部分薄弱点,我惊讶地发现,他的确比我还记得清我的报告内容”。Butler ed.,Baron Thiébault II,p.238.

[119] Aldington,Richard,Wellington 1946,p.48

[120] 今塔霍河(the Tajo)。——译者注

[121] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.18951 pp.1090-91,September 18,1808

[122] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.18869 p.1055,September 9,1808

[123] Rovigo,Duc de,Mémoires du duc de Rovigo 8 vols.1828,Ⅲ p.450

[124] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.18685 p.945,August 3,1808

[125] Grimsted,Patricia Kennedy,The Foreign Ministers of Alexander Ⅰ(Oakland,CA)1969,p.166

[126] Grimsted,Patricia Kennedy,The Foreign Ministers of Alexander Ⅰ(Oakland,CA)1969,p.166

[127] ed. Lentz,Thierry,1810:Le tournant de l’Empire 2010,p.300

[128] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.212

[129] 另一套是为约瑟芬制造的,但是1818年路易十八把它送给威灵顿。该套瓷器今展示于伦敦阿普斯利邸宅。

[130] Chevallier,Bernard,Empire Style 2008,p.64

[131] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.213

[132] ed. North,Jonathan,Napoleon on Elba 2004,p.145,Rapp,General Count,Memoirs of General Count Rapp 1823,p.133

[133] Dwyer,Philip,Talleyrand 2002,pp.99,116,ed. Bingham,D.A.,A Selection from the Letters and Despatches of the First Napoleon 3 vols.1884,Ⅱ p.413

[134] ed. Bingham,D.A.,A Selection from the Letters and Despatches of the First Napoleon 3 vols.1884,Ⅱ pp.413-14

[135] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.212

[136] eds. Larichev,E. and Ostarkova,Ⅰ.,Paris-St Petersburg 1800-1830(Moscow)2003,p.18

[137] eds. Larichev,E. and Ostarkova,Ⅰ.,Paris-St Petersburg 1800-1830(Moscow)2003,p.18

[138] 希腊神话中牛首人身的怪物。——译者注

[139] TLS 12/5/1927 p.325,Florange,Charles and Wunsch,A.,L’Entrevue de Napoleon et de Goethe 1932,pp.12ff,Brown,Peter Hume,Life of Goethe 2 vols.1920,Ⅱ p.547 n.1

[140] 歌德的书信体作品《少年维特之烦恼》是非严格意义上的自传性小说。拿破仑有一本翻烂了的《少年维特之烦恼》,其封面和封底上凸印着帝国金盾徽。该书今展示于纽约皮尔庞特·摩根图书馆,拿破仑经常读它,以至于有些页纸几乎要脱落了。这本书是1804年巴黎出版的版本,可见他甚至在称帝后常读此书。

[141] Florange,Charles and Wunsch,A.,L’Entrevue de Napoleon et de Goethe 1932,pp.12ff

[142] Brown,Peter Hume,Life of Goethe 2 vols.1920,Ⅱ pp.546-7

[143] Brown,Peter Hume,Life of Goethe 2 vols.1920,Ⅱ p.547

[144] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.19042 p.1126,October 9,1808

[145] Brown,Peter Hume,Life of Goethe 2 vols.1920,Ⅱ p.547

[146] Williams,John R.,The Life of Goethe 1998,p.39

[147] Brown,Peter Hume,Life of Goethe 2 vols.1920,Ⅱ p.546,Florange,Charles and Wunsch,A.,L’Entrevue de Napoleon et de Goethe 1932,pp.12ff

[148] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.223

[149] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.217

[150] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.19050 p.1130,between October 11 and 13,1808

[151] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.19053 p.1131,October 12,1808

[152] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.19056 p.1133,October 13,1808

[153] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,nos.19184,19270,p.1186,November 4,1808,p.1225,November 14,1808

[154] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.19327 pp.1248-9,November 19,1808

[155] ed. Dwyer,Philip,Napoleon and Europe 2003,p.18

[156] Esdaile,Charles,‘Recent Writing on Napoleon and His Wars’The Journal of Military History vol.73 issue 1 January 2009,pp.217-18

[157] Tone,John L.,The Fatal Knot 1994,p.4

[158] Tone,John L.,The Fatal Knot 1994,p.182

[159] Sherwig,John M.,Guineas and Gunpowder(Cambridge,MA)1969,pp.367-8

[160] Blaze,Captain Elzéar,Life in Napoleon’s Army 1995,pp.58-9,Bell,David A.,The First Total War 2007,p.290,Gonneville,Aymar-Olivier de,Recollections of Colonel de Gonneville 2 vols.2009,Ⅰ p.61

[161] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.19197 p.1192,November 5,1808

[162] Dumas,Lt-Gen.Comte Mathieu,Memoirs of his own Time 2 vols.1839,Ⅱ p.180

[163] Chlapowski,Dezydery,Memoirs of a Polish Lancer 2002,p.45

[164] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.233

[165] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.235

[166] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.232

[167] The Nation,16/7/1896 p.45

[168] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.239

[169] Gonneville,Aymar-Olivier de,Recollections of Colonel de Gonneville 2 vols.2009,p.65

[170] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.19650 pp.1388-9,December 31,1808

[171] ed. Jennings,Louis J.,The Croker Papers,3 vols.1885,Ⅰ p.355

[172] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.19675 p.1402,January 2,1809

[173] Bonaparte,Napoleon,The Confidential Correspondence of Napoleon Bonaparte with his Brother Joseph 2 vols.1855,Ⅱ p.411

[174] Chlapowski,Dezydery,Memoirs of a Polish Lancer 2002,p.72

[175] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.242

[176] Bausset-Roquefort,Baron Louis Fran?ois de,Private Memoirs of the Court of Napoleon(Philadelphia)1828,p.242

[177] ed. Madec,Gabriel,Expansions méridonales et résistances 1808-Janvier 1809 2011,no.19855 p.1497,January 15,1809

[178] Cobban,Alfred,A History of Modern France vol.Ⅱ 1961,Ⅱ p.56,Tone,John L.,The Fatal Knot 1994,p.4

[179] Alexander,Don W.,‘French Replacement Methods during the Peninsular War’Military Affairs vol.44 issue 4 December 1980,p.192

[180] Alexander,Don W.,‘French Replacement Methods during the Peninsular War’Military Affairs vol.44 issue 4 December 1980,p.192

[181] Lipscombe,Nick,The Peninsular War Atlas 2010,p.23,Alexander,Don W.,‘French Replacement Methods during the Peninsular War’Military Affairs vol.44 issue 4 December 1980,p.193,Fraser,Ronald,Napoleon’s Cursed War(New York)2008

[182] Lentz,Thierry,Savary 2001,p.188

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