饭饭TXT > 军事历史 > 《深蓝帝国:英国海军的兴衰(出版书)》作者:[英]本·威尔逊/译者:沈祥麟【完结】 > 深蓝帝国:英国海军的兴衰.txt

第56章 终章:止于银海之上(1982~2013年).9

作者:英-本·威尔逊/译者:沈祥麟 当前章节:14593 字 更新时间:2026-6-14 01:20

Sicily,allied landings in,612,617

Sidmouth,Lord,440

Sierra Leone,472-3,475,642

Singapore,fall of,591

Sink the Bismarck!,463

Siraj-ud-Daulah,326

Sixtus Ⅴ,Pope,120

Slade,Thomas,322

slavery,enforcement of abolition,ⅹⅹⅲ,471-6,483,491

slaves,93-5,238,281

Sluys,Battle of,53-4,56-7

Smith,Captain Jeremiah,244

Smith,Captain John,312

Smith,Admiral Thomas,352

SMS Blücher,530

SMS Derflinger,520,537,541

SMS Dresden,523,526

SMS Emden,524-6

SMS Gneisenau,523

SMS Goeben,524

SMS Karlsruhe,525-6

SMS K?nigsberg,525-6

SMS Lützow,536,541,543

SMS Moltke,530

SMS Scharnhorst,523

SMS Seydlitz,530,537

SMS Von der Tann,536

Solebay,Battle of,253-6,260

Soleil Royal,268,340-1

Solemn League and Covenant,187

Somerset,Lord Protector,90

Somerton Castle,47

Somerville,Admiral Sir James,578-82,585,591

sonar,562,596,635

songs:‘Always Look on the Bright Side of Life’,639;‘Heart of Oak’,342,444;‘A Hunting We Will Go’,610,614;‘Loath to Depart’,225;‘Rule,Britannia!’,285,307,444

songs,bawdy,228

Soper,William,60-4

Sophia,Electress of Hanover,275

South Georgia,634,636

Southampton:appearance of Genoese galleys,43-4;French invasion,87-8;raids on,47,52;Walter le Fleming and,41-2;William Soper and,60,62

Southsea Castle,491

Sovereign,68

Soviet Union,fall of,645,648

Spain:abolition of slavery,472;annexation of Portugal,112-13;maritime expansion,73-4,77,80,86,91;naval decline,101-2;naval resurgence,146-7,162;peace with England,152;raids on West Country,147-8;relations with England,96-7;and wars of 1740s,286-93

Spanish Armada:118-44,221,264;aftermath of,145-53

Spanish flota:98-101,113,117,146-7,149-50,166-8;Dutch capture of,162,182;English capture of,214-17

Spanish Inquisition,101-2

Sparks,Marine Bill,608

Spartiate,417,419

Speaker(later HMS Mary),216-17,243n

Spee,Admiral Maximilian von,522-3,525-6

Speed,Keith,631

Spencer,Lord,396,423-4

Spilsbury,Francis,390

Spithead mutiny,408-9

Stamford Bridge,Battle of,28

Stanfield,Clarkson,159

Stanning,Geoffrey,575-6

Stayner,Admiral Richard,215-17,243n,251

Stead,W.T.,502,506

Stock Exchange,282,482

Stour,river,18,21

Strasbourg,579

Strickland,Roger,252

Strickland,Walter,252

Stuart,Charles Edward,298

Stuart,James,275

studding sails,445

Sturdee,Admiral Doveton,522-3

Sturmy,Robert,75-6

Submarine Bubble Targets,611

submarine snorkel,616

submarine warfare:495-6,501,548-53,559,562;NATO anti-submarine warfare,628-9;see also Atlantic,Battle of the submarines:494-6,512,515,519,551,561-2,588;ballistic missile,624-7;nuclear-powered,624,631,636,643;see also U-boats

Suckling,Maurice,392-3

Sudan Campaign,529

Suez Canal,502-3,514,559,563,578,584,630

Suez Crisis,623-4

Suffren,Pierre André de,373

sugar,288,471

Sumner,Senator Charles,484

Superbe,341

surgeons,233,371,435

Sussex,earl of,137

Sutton Hoo ship,13-15,519

Sveaborg,bombardment of,488

Swallow,99

Swein Forkbeard,king of Denmark,23-4

Swiftsure,449

Swyn estuary,57

Syria,470-1

Tactics:barrage attacks,610;Commonwealth reforms,206-10;crescent formation(en lúnula),126-7,129,132;crossing the T,543;eighteenth-century evolution,351-3,373-5,382-3;French study of,350;holding fire,305-6;holding the ring,612;laissez-faire view of,364-5;line of battle,207-9,295-6,546;raking the enemy,370,450-1,543;rolling-up operations,302-3,305;taking the lee gage,373-4;taking the weather gage,35,66,68,131-2,141,206,266,268,373,379

Tagus,river,471

Tangier,224-5,251,258

Taranto,Battle of,581-2,590

Taunton,siege of,187-8,201

taxation,and the navy,177-9,184,203,221-2,271,281-2,375,377

telegraph,submarine,ⅹⅹⅲ,482

Téméraire,334

Teonge,Henry,224-5,231,234-5

Terceira,Battle of,112

Test Act,260

Texel,river,372,410

Texel,Battle of the,253

Thames,river,11-12,16,19,22,26,87,124,164,218,408

Thames Estuary,18-19,87,89,263,392,514

Thatcher,Margaret,630,635

Thesée,340

Thirty Years War,196

Thompson,Admiral Charles,404

Thompson,Captain Thomas,412,418-19,427

Thorkell the Tall,24

Thorney Island,19

tide tables,ⅹⅹⅴ

Timoléon,420

Tirpitz,592,608,613

Tobago,French capture of,363

Tobin,Commander Nick,639

Toledo,Don Francisco de,140-1

Tondern,bombing of,547

Tonnant,418,420

Tonnante,488

topmen,226-8,313,418-19

Topp,Erich,601

Torbay,264,330,332,335

torpedo boats,503,505

torpedoes,495-6,501,509,512,591

Torrington,Admiral Lord(Arthur Herbert),256-8,262-7,269

Tostig,26,28

Toulon:amphibious assault on,280;blockade(Napoleonic war),399-400,433,435-7,439;blockade(War of the Spanish Succession),276-7;Hood’s occupation of,378,381-2,387,394

Toulon,Battle of,294-5,297-8,302,304-5,307,321,354,373,388,407

Tourville,Admiral Anne Hilarion de,266-70,595

Tourville,379

Tovey,Admiral John,566

Townshend,Secretary of State,287

Trafalgar,Battle of:323,444-57,462,467-8,491,516,526-7,565,646-7;armaments,445;casualties,453-5;discipline,450,456

Tramontana,117

Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle,306

Treaty of Nanking,479

Treaty of Ryswick,277

Treaty of Tordesillas,73

Treaty of Troyes,64

Treaty of Utrecht,287

Treaty of Westminster,363

Trent,river,11,24

Trevor,John,163-4

Trident missile system,630-1,645

Trinity de la Tour(Trinity Royal),62

Trinity House,234

Tripoli,256-7

Triumph,107,111,123,132,134,136

Tromp,Admiral Maarten,174-5,179,182-3,193,195-7,200-6,208-9,595

Troubridge,Captain,Thomas,378,404-5,407,411,426

Tsushima,Battle of,515-16

Tunis,Dey of,212-13

Tunstall,Brian,375

Turing,Alan,609

Turner,J.M.W.,158-9

Tuscany,duke of,212

‘Twelve Apostles’,146

Typhon Maritime Security,648

typhus,121,143,229,339

Tyrwhitt,Admiral Reginald,525,528,530,554

U-boats:First World War,526,534,548-54,562;Second World War,568,570-1,577-8,588,590-606,609-18

uniforms and clothing,230,320-1;388-9,499-500

Union Jack,151,468

United States of America:abolition of slavery,472-3;enters First World War,550,553;military hegemony of,626,628;War of 1812,468,472;see also American Civil War;American War of Independence

Upnor Castle,111,189,237

US Navy,620-1

Ushant,Battle of,348-50,354,356,373,469

USS Donnell,615

USS Missouri,620,622,641

USS Niagara,ⅹⅹⅲ

USS Washington,592

USS Wisconsin,622,641

vaccinations,425

Valdes,Don Pedro de,130

van de Velde,Willem,158

Vane,H.,159

Vanguard,124,141

Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens,159

Veinticinco de Mayo,636

Venables,Colonel Robert,213-14

venereal disease,224-5,395

Vengeur du Peuple,380

Venice,49-50,52

Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie(VOC),180-2,193,197,244

Vernon,Admiral Edward,289-92,299-300,311-12,343,351,489

Verrazano,Giovanni da,80

Vickers Range Clock,517

Victoria,Queen,489,502,512,633,646

Victoria and Albert(royal yacht),489

Victory(Elizabethan ship),107,111,123,132

victory parades,410-11

Victualling Board,323-4,331

Vigo Bay,Battle of,278,281

Vikings,9-20,22-4,29-30,32,49,163,285

Villaine,river,341

Villaret de Joyeuse,Admiral Louis Thomas,379

Ville de Paris,368,370-1,412

Villeneuve,Admiral Pierre Charles,437-40,443-4,447-50,454-6

Virginia,109,180,192,239,258

Vittorio Veneto,582-3

Vlie,the,247

Voltaire,325

‘waisters’,226-7,312

Wales,Edward Ⅰ’s campaigns in,44-5

Walker,Captain Frederic‘Johnnie’,594-604,610-16,618

Walpole,Horace,342

Walpole,Lieutenant Peter,637

Walpole,Robert,286,288-90,293

Walsingham,Francis,119-20,122,124-5,129,131,133

Walter le Fleming,41-3,60

Walwyn,Commander Humphrey,538-9,541

War of 1812,468,472

War of the Spanish Succession,277-82,287,291

Warburton-Lee,Commodore Bernard,VC,575-6

Wareham,Viking siege of,12

warping out,100,128-9,213,217

warrant officers,233-4,321,352,511

Warren,Commodore Frederick,475

Warren,Admiral Peter,299,301-4

Warrender,Admiral Sir George,528

Warwick,Richard Neville,earl of,63,66-7

Warwick,Robert Rich,earl of,184,188-9

Washington,George,290,363

Washington Treaty,555,558-9

watches,starboard and larboard,226

Waterloo,Battle of,445

Wavell,General Archibald,581,584

Wellington,duke of,445,469

Wemyss,Admiral Sir Rosslyn,551

Wenyngton,Robert,65-6

Wessex,11-12,16,18-19

West,Admiral Lord,633

West,Commander Alan,638

West,Commander Sarah,641

Westcott,Captain George,412,418

Western Squadron:creation of,300-4;health record,339;resupply of,330-2

Whitby,raid on,528

White,Arnold,510

White,Colin,415

White Bear,111,123,132

Whitehead,Robert,496

Whitelocke,Bulstrode,228

Wilhelmshaven mutiny,554

William Ⅰ(the Conqueror),King,26-9

William Ⅱ,King,29

William Ⅲ,King,262-8,270,275-8,281-2,284,307

William Ⅳ,King,372,462,499

William,Prince,462

Willoughby,Lord,168-9

Wilson,Admiral Arthur,499

Winchelsea(Les Espagnols sur Mer);Battle of,55-7

wine trade,41-2,44,46,50-2

Winter,George,106,111

Winter,Sir William,93,106-7,109-11,124,137,141

Wisselbank,creation of,181

Wolfe,General James,328,335

Wolsey,Thomas,85

women,on board ship,395

Women’s Royal Naval Service(WRNS),553,558,615,641

wood-boring beetles,111

Woodward,Admiral Sandy,631-2,634-7

wool trade,41-7,49,51-2,54,65,67,69,95,235

Worcester,190,209

Wren,Sir Christopher,282

Wrotham,William de,32

Wulfnoth,24-6,28

Wyatt,Thomas,106

Wyndham,Thomas,87,90-1

Yamato,559

Yangtze,river,ⅹⅹⅴ,479,491n

Yarmouth,bombardment of,526,534

yellow fever,xxiii,287-8;292

Yellow Sea,Battle of the,515

Yom Kippur War,630

Yonge,Sir William,293

Yorktown,Battle of,363

Young,Captain Walter,361,382

Zambezi,river,489

Zanzibar,acquisition of,512

Zanzibar,Battle of,525

Zeebrugge,U-boat base,551,553

Zélé,368

zeppelins,546-7

Zimmerman,Arthur,550

Zúniga,Don Juan de,120

Zwyn,river,34

插图说明

1.不列颠地图,Matthew Paris绘制,1250年。Public domain,wiki commons.

2.“高克斯塔”号(Gokstad),藏于奥斯陆(Oslo)的挪威海盗船博物馆(Viking Ship Museum)。Author:Bj?rn Christian T?rrissen,source:http://bjornfree.com/galleries.html.

3.1340年6月24日,斯鲁伊斯海战。Public domain,wiki commons. Source:Bibliotheque Nationale de France,MS Fr. 2643,Folio 167,artist Jean Froissart.

4.“主恩亨利”号,也被称作“伟大的哈利”号。Anthony Roll,1546年。Public domain,wiki commons.

5.英格兰战舰与西班牙无敌舰队在格拉沃利讷附近鏖战,1588年7月28日。Public domain,wiki commons. Author:English School,16th century,source:http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/11754.

6.12艘法国战舰被海军少将乔治·鲁克率领的袭击队点燃,1692年5月。Author:Richard Paton,source:http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/11824.

7.荷兰人在入侵梅德韦行动后,驾着俘获的约克公爵詹姆斯亲王的旗舰“皇家查尔斯”号驶出查塔姆。Author:Jeronimus van Diest (II),source:www.rijksmuseum.nl.

8.一艘正在与巴巴里海盗作战的英格兰护卫舰,1680年。Author:Willem van de Velde,source:http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/11815.

9.乔治·安森。Author:Thomas Hudson,source:http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/13991.

10.克劳兹利·肖维尔爵士。Author:Michael Dahl,1705年,Source:http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/14498.html

11.1755年10月21日,英国造船厂,HMS“剑桥”号,HMS“皇家乔治”号以及在画的正中央正在建造的舰载74门火炮的第三代战列舰。Author:John Cleveley the elder,source:National Maritime Museum.

12.第一次菲尼斯特雷战役,1747年5月3日。Author:Samuel Scott,source:nmm.ac.uk.

13.理查德·豪勋爵。Author:John Singleton Copley,source:National Maritime Museum.

14.基伯龙湾海战,1759年11月20日。Author:Nicholas Pocock,source:National Maritime Museum.

15.1794年“光荣的六月一日海战”,HMS“布朗斯维克”号正在和法国战舰“人民复仇者”号和“阿喀琉斯”号交战。Author:Nicholas Pocock,source:National Maritime Museum.

16.皇家海军最著名的HMS“胜利”号正驶离英吉利海峡。Author:Monamy Swaine,source:National Maritime Museum.

17.海军上将乔治·布里奇斯·罗德尼勋爵。Author:Joshua Reynolds,source:National Maritime Museum.

18.英雄纳尔逊。Author:Richard Westall,source:National Maritime Museum.

19-20.HMS“胜利”号的火炮甲板和火炮甲板上悬挂的吊床。Public domain,wiki commons.

21.尼古拉斯·波科克关于特拉法尔加战役的画作。Author:Nicholas Pocock,source:National Maritime Museum.

22.《海上的星期六之夜》,作者乔治·克鲁克香克。Author:George Cruikshank,source:National Maritime Museum.

23.蒸汽动力军舰HMS“复仇女神”号摧毁清朝军用舢板。Author:Edward Duncan,source:National Maritime Museum.

24.HMS“战士”号。Author:Lewis Hulbert,source:wiki commons.

25.HMS“不屈”号。Author:Matthew Brown,source:wiki commons.

26.海军上将约翰·费舍尔。Author:Author Stockdale Cope,source:National Maritime Museum.

27.HMS“无畏”号。Author:not stated,source:U.S. Naval Historical Center Photograph (#:NH 63596).

28.HMS“皇家橡树”号。Author:Royal Navy photographer,source:http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/static/pages/211.html.

29.海军上将戴维·贝蒂在第一次大战期间成为媒体时代的明星。Author:John Buchan,source:The Battle of Jutland by John Buchan.

30.20世纪20年代的 HMS“退敌”号。Author:Underwood & Underwood,source:Official U.S. Navy photo NH 57183 from the U.S. Navy Naval History and Heritage Command.

31.斯帕蒂文托角战役,1940年11月27日。Author:Priest,L C (Lt),Royal Navy official photographer,source:photograph A 2298 from the collections of the Imperial War Museums.

32.在撒丁岛的最南端,敌机投掷的炸弹擦身而过,它激起的水柱几乎令HMS“皇家橡树”号沉没。Author:Priest,L C (Lt),Royal Navy official photographer,source:photograph A 2325 from the collections of the Imperial War Museums.

33.经过10小时的捕猎,沃克的船把U-264逼上了水面。Author:Priest,L C (Lt),Royal Navy official photographer,source:photograph A 22031 from the collections of the Imperial War Museums.

34.HMS“燕八哥”号上戏剧性的一幕。Author:Priest,L C (Lt),Royal Navy official photographer,source:photograph A 21986 from the collections of the Imperial War Museums.

35.HMS“胜利”号、HMS“皇家方舟”号和HMS“赫尔墨斯”号。Author:U.S. Navy,Source:U.S. Navy All Hands magazineFebruary 1962,p.15.

36.利物浦皮尔海德的海军上校弗雷德里克·约翰·沃克的雕塑。Source:User Rept0n1x at Wikimedia Commons.

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