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[182] 三个属即猎豹属（Acinonychinae）、猫属（Felinae）和豹属（Pantheriinae）。
[183] Eaton，Randall L. 1974 The Cheetah：The Biology，Ecology and Behavior of an Endangered Species. New York：Van Nostrand Reinhold.17.
[184] van Aarde，R.J. and Ann van Dyk 1986 “Inheritance of King Coat Colour Pattern in Cheetahs，Acinonyx jubatus.”Journal of Zoology：Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 209：573-78.
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[186] Eaton，Randall L. 1974 The Cheetah：The Biology，Ecology and Behavior of an Endangered Species. New York：Van Nostrand Reinhold.19-21.
[187] Kitchener，Andrew 1991 The Natural History of Wild Cats. Ithaca，N.Y.：Comstock.7，16，and 18，and Turner，Alan 1997 The Big Cats and Their Fossil Relatives. New York：Columbia University Press.104，107，109，112，and 131-33.
[188] Hildebrand，Milton 1959 “Motions of the Running Cheetah and Horse.” Journal of Mammalogy 40：481-95，and Hildebrand，Milton 1961 “Further Studies on the Locomotion of the Cheetah.” Journal of Mammalogy 42：84-91.
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[190] 这一学派的代表可参见Keller，Otto 1963 Die Antike Tierwelt. 2 vols. 1909. Reprint Hildesheim：Georg Olms.I，30 and 86，and Zeuner，Frederick E. 1963 A History of Domesticated Animals. New York：Harper and Row.417-19。
[191] 约公元前2000年，索马里人在索马里半岛北部的沿海地区建立了蓬特国。关于蓬特国的资料很少，从古埃及的文献和神庙浮雕中可以知道，古埃及人把蓬特称作“神的故乡”和“神奇的香料之国”。
[192] Naville，Edourd 1898 The Temple of Deir el Bahari. Part 3. London：Offices of the Egypt Exploration Fund.III，17 and pl. 80；ARE Breasted，James Henry，trans. Ancient Records of Egypt. Chicago：University of Chicago Press，1908.II，102-22；and Jéquier，M. G. 1913 “La panthère dans l’ancienne Egypte.” Revue d’ethnographie et sociologie 4：345-63.
[193] Houlihan，Patrick F. 1996 The Animal World of the Pharaohs. London：Thames and Hudson.69，93，199-200，and 203；Osborn，Dale J. and Jana Osbornova 1998 The Mammals of Ancient Egypt. Warminister：Aris and Phillips.121-23；and St?rk，L. 1972 “Gepard.” Lexikon der ?gyptologie. Wiesbaden：Otto Harrassowitz，vol. 2，pp.530.
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[196] Van Buren，E. Douglas 1939 The Fauna of Ancient Mesopotamia as Represented in Art. Rome：Pontificum Institutum Biblicum.13 and pl. 2，illus. 10.可参见评论Heimpel，W. 1980-83 “Leopard und Gepard，A，Philologisch.” In Reallexikon der Assriologie und Vorderasiatischen Arch?ologie. Berlin：de Gruyter，6：599-601。
[197] Aelian Aelian. On the Characteristics of Animals. Trans. A.F.Scholfield. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge，Mass.：Harvard University Press，1959.VI.2，XV.14 and XVII.26.
[198] 巴赫兰·古尔（Bahrām Gor），即巴赫兰五世，公元421～439年在位。古尔在波斯语中意为野驴。巴赫兰五世因平时喜好猎取野驴而有此绰号。
[199] Melikian-Chirvani，A. S. 1984 Le Shāh-nāme，le gnose soufie et le pouvoir Mongol.” Journal Asiatique 272，3-4：268-70.
[200] MacKenzie，D. N. 1971 A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary. Oxford：Oxford University Press.97.
[201] al-?abarī. The History of al-?abarī. Trans，various hands. Albany：State University of New York Press，1985-99，XXXVIII，58；，V，156；Viré，Fran?ois 1974 “La chasse au guépard d’après sources arabes et les oeuvres d’art musulman par Ahmad Abd ar-Raziq.” Arabica 21：85-88；and Rust’haveli Rust’haveli，Shot’ha. The Man in the Panther’s Skin. Trans. Marjory Scott Wardrop. London：Luzac，1966.184.
[202] 例如Purchas Purchas，Samuel. Hakluytus Posthumus or Purchas，his Pilgrimes. Reprint New York：AMS Press，1965.IX，34；Bernier，Fran?ois. Travels in the Mogul Empire，A.D.1656-1668. 2nd ed. Oxford：Oxford University Press，1934，262；du Jarric，Pierre，S.J. Akbar and the Jesuits：An Account of the Jesuit Mission to the Court of Akbar. Trans. C.H.Payne. London：Routledge，1926，10；Ovington，J. A Voyage to Surat in the Year 1689. Ed. H.G.Rawlinson. Oxford：Oxford University Press，1929.161；and Sanderson，John. The Travels of John Sanderson in the Levant，1384-1602. Ed. William Foster. Reprint Nendcln：Kraus Reprint，1967，42。
[203] ，II，38，and Usāmah Ibn Munqidh. An Arab-Syrian Gentleman and Warrior in the Period of the Crusades：Memoirs of Usāmah Ibn Munqidh. Trans. Philip K.Hitti. Princeton University Press，1987.141，293.
[204] Abūl Fa?l，AN Abū l Fa?l. Akbar Nama. Trans. Henry Beveridge. Reprint Delhi：Atlantic Publishers，1989，186-87.
[205] 有关猎豹捕获方面的最佳数据来自于印度莫卧儿帝国。请参见Abūl Fa?l，AN Abū l Fa?l. Akbar Nama. Trans. Henry Beveridge. Reprint Delhi：Atlantic Publishers，1989.II，508-9；Abū’l Fa?l，AA Abū’l Fa?l. The Akbār-ī Trans. H.Blochmann. Reprint Delhi：Atlantic Publishers，1979.I，296-97；and Forbes，James. Oriental Memoirs. 1813. Reprint Delhi：Gian Publishing，1988.I，272。
[206] KB/P Phillot，D.C. and R.J.Azoo，trans. “Chapters on Hunting Dogs and Cheetas，being an Extract from the Kitāb al-Bayzarah.” Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal n.s. 3（1907）：49；Usāmah Ibn Munqidh. An Arab-Syrian Gentleman and Warrior in the Period of the Crusades：Memoirs of Usāmah Ibn Munqidh. Trans. Philip K.Hitti. Princeton University Press，1987.236；and Qazvīnī，NQ Qazvīnī，?amd-Allāh Mustawfī. The Zoological Section of the Nuzhat al-Qulūb. Trans. J.Stephenson. London：Royal Asiatic Society，1928.47-48，波斯语文本，and 53，英语译本。
[207] Forbes，James. Oriental Memoirs. 1813. Reprint Delhi：Gian Publishing，1988.I，272.与之对立的观点，可参见al-Man?ūr Al-Mansur’s Book on Hunting. Trans. Sir Terence Clark and Muawiya Derhalli. Warminster：Aris & Phillips，2001.16。
[208] Abū’l Fa?l，AA Abū’l Fa?l. The Akbār-ī Trans. H.Blochmann. Reprint Delhi：Atlantic Publishers，1979.I，297-98，and Forbes，James. Oriental Memoirs. 1813. Reprint Delhi：Gian Publishing，1988.I，272.
[209] 关于阿拉伯人使用的技术，请参见al-Man?ūr Al-Mansur’s Book on Hunting. Trans. Sir Terence Clark and Muawiya Derhalli. Warminster：Aris & Phillips，2001.49-50；Ibn Manglī. De hi chasse：commerce des grands de ce monde avec bêtes sauvages des déserts sans onde. Trans. Fran?ois Viré. Paris：Sindbad，1984.92-106；Viré，Fran?ois 1965 “Fahd.” Encyclopedia of Islam. 2nd ed. Leiden：E.J. Brill，vol. 2：740-42；Ahsan，Muhammad Manazir 1979 Social Life Under the Abbasids，786-902 AD. London：Longman.207-10；and Mercier，Louis 1927 La chasse et les sports chez les Arabes. Paris：Librairie des sciences politiques et sociales.72-76。关于印度的体系，请参见Boyer，Abel and Maurice Planiol 1948 Traité de fauconnerie et autourserie. Paris：Payot.176-77，and Sterndale，Robert A. 1982 Natural History of the Mammalia of India and Ceylon. 1884. Reprint Delhi：Himalayan Books.202-3。
[210] al-Man?ūr Al-Mansur’s Book on Hunting. Trans. Sir Terence Clark and Muawiya Derhalli. Warminster：Aris & Phillips，2001.29 and 51-52.
[211] Abū’l Fa?l，AA Abū’l Fa?l. The Akbār-ī Trans. H.Blochmann. Reprint Delhi：Atlantic Publishers，1979.I，297-98.关于锡厄（ser）请参见Yule，Sir Henry and A. C. Burnell 1903 Hobson-Jobson：A Glossary of Anglo-Indian Words and Phrases. London：John Murray.807-8。
[212] al-Man?ūr Al-Mansur’s Book on Hunting. Trans. Sir Terence Clark and Muawiya Derhalli. Warminster：Aris & Phillips，2001，14 and 16.
[213] 本书对猎豹的社会行为方式的讨论参考了Kitchener，Andrew 1991 The Natural History of Wild Cats. Ithaca，N.Y.：Comstock.170-71，186，and 188；Turner，Alan 1997 The Big Cats and Their Fossil Relatives. New York：Columbia University Press.151；Eaton，Randall L. 1974 The Cheetah：The Biology，Ecology and Behavior of an Endangered Species. New York：Van Nostrand Reinhold.4，335，46，107，and 133-35；Caro，T.M. 1994 Cheetahs of the Serengeti Plains：Group Living in an Asocial Species，Chicago：University of Chicago Press.7 and 44-46；Caro，T.M. and D.A.Collins 1987a “Male Cheetah Social Organization and Territoriality.” Ethology 74：56-64；and Caro，T.M. and D.A.Collins 1987b “Ecological Characteristics of Territories of Male Cheetahs（Acinonyx jubatus）.” Journal of Zoology：Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 211：89-105。
[214] 塞伦盖蒂（Serengeti）位于东非裂谷以西，是坦桑尼亚最著名的国家公园。
[215] 有关狩猎技巧，请参见Eaton，Randall L. 1974 The Cheetah：The Biology，Ecology and Behavior of an Endangered Species. New York：Van Nostrand Reinhold.55-87 and 129-33；Caro，T.M. 1994 Cheetahs of the Serengeti Plains：Group Living in an Asocial Species，Chicago：University of Chicago Press.129-41；and Caro，T.M. 1987 “Indirect Costs of Play：Cheetah Cubs Reduce Maternal Hunting Success.” Animal Behavior 35：295-97。
[216] P.Mundy Mundy，Peter. The Travels of Peter Mundy in Europe and Asia，1608-1617. Ed. Sir Richard Carnac Temple. Reprint Nendeln：Kraus Reprint，1967-72.II，112；G.Mundy Mundy，Godfrey Charles. Pen and Pencil Sketches in India：Journal of a Tour in India. 3rd ed. London：John Murray，1858.24；Bernier，Fran?ois. Travels in the Mogul Empire，A.D.1656-1668. 2nd ed. Oxford：Oxford University Press，1934，377；and Chardin，John. Travels in Persia，1673-77. 1927. Reprint New York：Dover，1988.181.
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[218] 例如，请参见al-Man?ūr Al-Mansur’s Book on Hunting. Trans. Sir Terence Clark and Muawiya Derhalli. Warminster：Aris & Phillips，2001.50。
[219] Abū’l Fa?l，AA Abū’l Fa?l. The Akbār-ī Trans. H.Blochmann. Reprint Delhi：Atlantic Publishers，1979.，I，297，and Forbes，I，272.参见Pelsaert，Francisco. Jahangir’s India：The Remontrantie of Francisco Pelsaert. Trans. W.H.Moreland and Pieter Geyl Reprint Delhi：Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli，1972.51，and Parks，Fanny. Wanderings of a Pilgrim in Search of the Picturesque. Reprint Karachi：Oxford University Press，1975.I，398-99。
[220] Adamson，Joy 1969 The Spotted Sphinx. New York：Harcourt，Brace and World.3-25.
[221] Abū’l Fa?l，I，630 and II，528.
[222] Eaton，Randall L. 1974 The Cheetah：The Biology，Ecology and Behavior of an Endangered Species. New York：Van Nostrand Reinhold.105 and 125-27.
[223] Bernier，Fran?ois. Travels in the Mogul Empire，A.D.1656-1668. 2nd ed. Oxford：Oxford University Press，1934，364，and Andrews，Peter Alford 1999 Felt Tents and Pavilions：The Nomadic Tradition and Its Interaction with Princely Tentage. 2 vols. London：Melisende，904 and 1095，illus.190.
[224] Abū’l Fa?l，AA Abū’l Fa?l. The Akbār-ī Trans. H.Blochmann. Reprint Delhi：Atlantic Publishers，1979.I，299-300.有关说明请参见Iessen，A. A. 1960 “Piat chash iz Bailakana.” In Struve 1960，pp.90-91。
[225] Kai ibn Iskandar. A Mirror for Princes：The Qabus Name. Trans. Reuben Levy. London：Cresset Press，1951.，85.
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[227] Rice，D. S. 1954 “The Seasons and the Labors of the Months in Islamic Art.” Ars Orientalis 1：30，fig.15；Chung，Saehyang P. 1998-99 “The Sui-Tang Eastern Palace in Chang’an：Toward a Reconstruction of Its Plans.” Artibus Asiae 58：18，26 and fig.21；and Mansard，Valérie 1993 “Notes sur les animaux utilisés à la chasse sous Tang.” Anthropozoologica 18：93-95.
[228] Chardin，John. Travels in Persia，1673-77. 1927. Reprint New York：Dover，1988.181.
[229] al-Man?ūr Al-Mansur’s Book on Hunting. Trans. Sir Terence Clark and Muawiya Derhalli. Warminster：Aris & Phillips，2001.50 and Ibn Manglī. De hi chasse：commerce des grands de ce monde avec bêtes sauvages des déserts sans onde. Trans. Fran?ois Viré. Paris：Sindbad，1984.159-60.
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[231] Pelsaert，Francisco. Jahangir’s India：The Remontrantie of Francisco Pelsaert. Trans. W.H.Moreland and Pieter Geyl Reprint Delhi：Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli，1972.51；Bernier，Fran?ois. Travels in the Mogul Empire，A.D.1656-1668. 2nd ed. Oxford：Oxford University Press，1934，375-77；Fryer，John. A New Account of East India and Persia，Being Nine Year’s Travels，1672-1681. Ed. William Crooke. 1909. Reprint Millwood，N.Y.：Kraus Reprint，1967.I，271，and II，279-80；G.Mundy Mundy，Godfrey Charles. Pen and Pencil Sketches in India：Journal of a Tour in India. 3rd ed. London：John Murray，1858.23-25；Forbes，James. Oriental Memoirs. 1813. Reprint Delhi：Gian Publishing，1988.I，273-76；and Parks，Fanny. Wanderings of a Pilgrim in Search of the Picturesque. Reprint Karachi：Oxford University Press，1975.I，349.
[232] Juvaynī/Q Juvayn?，. Ta’rīkh-i Jahāngushā. Ed. Mirzā Mu?ammad Qazvīnī. E.J.W. Gibb Memorial Series 26. London：Luzac，1912-37.II，30，and Juvaynī/B Juvaynī，. The History of the World Conqueror. Trans. John A.Boyle. Cambridge，Mass.：Harvard University Press，1958.I，301-2.
[233] 可参见Abūl Fa?l，AN Abū l Fa?l. Akbar Nama. Trans. Henry Beveridge. Reprint Delhi：Atlantic Publishers，1989.I，629，and II，122，133，and 226。
[234] ?usām al-Dawlah. Bāznāmah-i Na?īrī：A Persian Treatise on，148.
[235] Kitchener，Andrew 1991 The Natural History of Wild Cats. Ithaca，N.Y.：Comstock.34 and 59-60.
[236] 请参见Serruys，Henry 1974a Kumiss Ceremonies and Horse Races：Three Mongolian Texts. Wiesbaden：Otto Harrassowitz.48以及注释107。
[237] Ahsan，Muhammad Manazir 1979 Social Life Under the Abbasids，786-902 AD. London：Longman.210-11，and Boyer，Abel and Maurice Planiol 1948 Traité de fauconnerie et autourserie. Paris：Payot.178-81.
[238] Frederick Ⅱ of Hohenstaufen. The Art of Falconry，Being the De Arte Venandi cum Avibus. Trans. Casey A.Wood and F.Marjorie Fyfe. Stanford，Calif.：Stanford University Press，1961.5；Qazvīnī，NQ Qazvīnī，?amd-Allāh Mustawfī. The Zoological Section of the Nuzhat al-Qulūb. Trans. J.Stephenson. London：Royal Asiatic Society，1928.46，波斯语文本，and 32，英语译本；and Marco Polo. The Description of the World. Trans. A.C.Moule and Paul Pelliot. London：Routledge，1938. Vol. Ⅰ.226。
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