饭饭TXT > 军事历史 > 《欧亚皇家狩猎史(出版书)》作者:[美]托马斯·爱尔森/译者:马特【完结】 > 欧亚皇家狩猎史.txt

第五章 狩猎管理.2

作者:美-托马斯·爱尔森/译者:马特 当前章节:15467 字 更新时间:2026-6-14 02:40

[8] Usmanov,Mirkasyn Abdulakhatovich 1979 Zhalovannye akty Dzuchieva Ulusa,ⅩⅣ—ⅩⅥ vv. Kazan:Izdatel’stvo Kazanskogo Universiteta.215-19;Abūl Fa?l,AN Abū l Fa?l. Akbar Nama. Trans. Henry Beveridge. Reprint Delhi:Atlantic Publishers,1989.II,242;MDMT Cleaves,Francis W.,trans. “The Mongolian Documents in the Musée de Téhéran.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 16(1953):30-31 and 81-83;and Doerfer,Gerhard 1963-75 Türkische und Mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen. 4 vols. Wiesbaden:Franz Steiner.II,238-39.

[9] Rashīd/K Rashīd al-Dīn. al-tavārīkh. Ed. Karīmī. Tehran:Eqbal,1959.I,539 and 546,and Rashīd/B Rashid al-Dīn. The Successors of Genghis Khan. Trans. John A.Boyle. New York:Columbia University Press.142 and 151.

[10] Usmanov,Mirkasyn Abdulakhatovich 1979 Zhalovannye akty Dzuchieva Ulusa,ⅩⅣ—ⅩⅥ vv. Kazan:Izdatel’stvo Kazanskogo Universiteta.218,and Slovar 1975- Slovar russkogo iazyka XI-XVII vv. Moscow:Nauka,I,356.

[11] Horst,Heribert 1964 Die Staatsverwaltung der Grossel?ūgen und Hōrazm?ahs(1038-1231):Eine Untersuchung nach Urkundenformularen der Zeit. Wiesbaden:Franz Steiner.19 and 102.

[12] Cummins,John 1988 The Hound and the Hawk:The Art of Medieval Hunting. New York:St. Martin’s Press.172-86 and 217-19.

[13] XTS Xin Tangshu. Beijing:Zhonghua shuju,1975.ch. 47,1218,and Wittfogel,Karl A. and Feng Chia-sheng 1949 History of Chinese Society,Liao(907-1125). Philadelphia:American Philosophical Society.481.

[14] ?usām al-Dawlah. Bāznāmah-i Na?īrī:A Persian Treatise on,40.

[15] Wittfogel,Karl A. and Feng Chia-sheng 1949 History of Chinese Society,Liao(907-1125). Philadelphia:American Philosophical Society.284,and Lee,Robert H. G. 1970 The Manchurian Frontier in Ch’ing History. Cambridge,Mass.:Harvard University Press.44.

[16] Bābur,?ahir al-Dīn. The Bābur-nāma in English. Trans. Annette Susannah Beveridge. London:Luzac,1969.273,and SMACC,40.

[17] Jahāngīr. Tūzuk-i Jahāngīrī or Memoirs of Jahāngīr. Trans. Alexander Rogers,ed. Henry Beveridge. Reprint Delhi:Munshiram Mansharlal,1978.I,185 and II,53.

[18] Jahāngīr. Tūzuk-i Jahāngīrī or Memoirs of Jahāngīr. Trans. Alexander Rogers,ed. Henry Beveridge. Reprint Delhi:Munshiram Mansharlal,1978.II,24,27-28,and 60,and TGPM Howes,Robert Craig,trans. The Testaments of the Grand Princes of Moscow. Ithaca,N.Y.:Cornell University Press,1967.209.

[19] ,55,and ,73.

[20] Bosworth,Clifford Edmund 1963 The Ghaznavids:Their Empire in Afghanistan and Eastern Iran. Edinburgh:Edinburgh University Press.94-95.

[21] Juvaynī/Q Juvayn?,. Ta’rīkh-i Jahāngushā. Ed. Mirzā Mu?ammad Qazvīnī. E.J.W. Gibb Memorial Series 26. London:Luzac,1912-37.88-89;Juvaynī/B Juvaynī,. The History of the World Conqueror. Trans. John A.Boyle. Cambridge,Mass.:Harvard University Press,1958.II,606;Marco Polo. The Description of the World. Trans. A.C.Moule and Paul Pelliot. London:Routledge,1938. Vol. Ⅰ.223;Rashīd/K Rashīd al-Dīn. al-tavārīkh. Ed. Karīmī. Tehran:Eqbal,1959.I,657;Rashīd/B Rashid al-Dīn. The Successors of Genghis Khan. Trans. John A.Boyle. New York:Columbia University Press.297;YS Yuanshih. Beijing:Zhonghua shuju,1978.ch. 99,2524,and ch. 100,2557;and Hsiao,Ch’i-ch’ing 1978 The Military Establishment of the Yuan Dynasty. Cambridge,Mass.:Harvard University Press.93.

[22] Abū’l Fa?l,AA Abū’l Fa?l. The Akbār-ī Trans. H.Blochmann. Reprint Delhi:Atlantic Publishers,1979.I,5;Munshī,Iskander. History of Shah . Trans. Roger Savory. Boulder,Colo.:Westview Press,1978.I,228;and Kaempfer,Engelbert. Am Hofe der persischen Grossk?nigs,1684-1685. Trans. Walther Hinz. Tübingen and Basil:Erdmann,1977.259-60.

[23] Bartol’d,V.V. 1964 “Tseremonial pri dvore Uzbekskikh Khanov v ⅩⅧ veke,” In his Sochineniia,vol. 2,pt. 2:391,波斯语文本 and 396,俄语译本;Semenov,A. A. 1948 “Bukharskii traktat o chinakh i zvaniiakh i ob obiazannostiakh noseteli ikh v srednevekovoi Bukhare.” Sovetskoe vostokovedenie 5:148;Akhmedov,B.A. 1982 Istoriia Balkh(ⅩⅥ-pervaia polovine ⅩⅦ v.). Tashkent:Fan.164-65;and Beneveni,Florio. Poslanik Petra I na Vostoke:Posol’stvo Florio Beneveni v Persiiu i Bukharu v 1718-1725. Moscow:Nauka,1986.77 and 122-23。此外,还请注意相关的劝诫性言论Bregel,Yuri 2000 The Administration of Bukhara Under the Manghits and Some Tashkent Manuscripts. Papers on Inner Asia 34. Bloomington:Indiana University,Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies.7-12,其中提到阿拉伯语记载有可能会混淆“qosh begi(皇室宫帐主管)”与“qush begi(驯鹰师)”两个概念。

[24] “arms bearer”即拉丁语中的“armiger”,指的是有权佩戴纹章的扈从。

[25] Bahari,Ebadollah 1996 Bihzad:Master of Persian Painting. London:I.B.Tauris.69,fig. 28.

[26] 有关战国时期猎物看守的尊贵地位,请参见ZGC Chan-kuo ts’e. Rev. ed. Trans. J.I.Crump. Ann Arbor:Center for Chinese Studies,University of Michigan,1996.353。

[27] Torbert,Preston M. 1977 The Ch’ing Imperial Household Department:A Study of Its Principal Functions,1662-1746. Cambridge,Mass.:Harvard University Press.29,and Brunnert,H.S. and V.V.Hagelstrom 1912 Present Day Political Organization of China. Shanghai:Kellog and Walsh.16.

[28] 相关评论请参见Jahāngīr. Tūzuk-i Jahāngīrī or Memoirs of Jahāngīr. Trans. Alexander Rogers,ed. Henry Beveridge. Reprint Delhi:Munshiram Mansharlal,1978.II,216。

[29] “shirvānshāh”也作“shīrwān shāh”或“sharwān shāh”,是9世纪中期至16世纪早期的希尔万统治者的称呼。

[30] EVTRP Morgan,E.Delmar and C.H.Coote,eds. Early Voyages and Travels to Russia and Persia by Anthony Jenkinson and Other Englishmen.1886. Reprint New York:Burt Franklin,1963.I,134.

[31] ,278.

[32] CWT Yule,Sir Henry,ed. and trans. Cathay and the Way Thither,Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China. 1866. Reprint Taibei:Ch’eng-wen Publishing,1966.II,235,and Purchas,Samuel. Hakluytus Posthumus or Purchas,his Pilgrimes. Reprint New York:AMS Press,1965.VIII,162.

[33] Bernier,Fran?ois. Travels in the Mogul Empire,A.D.1656-1668. 2nd ed. Oxford:Oxford University Press,1934,375.

[34] SCBM Franke,Herbert,trans. “Chinese Texts on the Jurchen:A Trans lation of the Jurchen Monograph in the San-ch’ao pei-meng” Zentral-Asiatische Studien 9(1975):128 and 147,and SOS O’Kane,John,trans. The Ship of Sulaiman. New York:Columbia University Press,1972.69-70.

[35] Khān,141,and Manucci,Niccolao. Storia do Mogor or Mugul India,1653-1708. Trans. William Irvine. Reprint New Delhi:Oriental Books Reprint,1981.I,184.

[36] Ghirshman,Roman 1962 Persian Art:The Parthian and Sassanian Dynasties,249 B.C.-A.D. 651. New York:Golden Press.194-98,figs. 236-37,and Reed,Charles A. 1965 “Imperial Sassanian Hunting of Pig and Fallow-Deer,and Problems of the Survival of These Animals Today in Iran.” Postilla 92:1-14.

[37] Back,Michael 1978 Die Sassanidischen Staatsinschriften. Acta Iranica 18. Leiden:E.J.Brill.367,and Fryer,John. A New Account of East India and Persia,Being Nine Year’s Travels,1672-1681. Ed. William Crooke. 1909. Reprint Millwood,N.Y.:Kraus Reprint,1967. 3 vols.373.

[38] Kautilya Shamasastry,Rudrapatna,trans. Kautilya’s Artha?āstra. Mysore:Mysore Publishing House,1967.43.

[39] Kangxi Jonathan D.Spence,trans. Emperor of China:Self Portrait of K’ang-hsi New York:Vintage,1975.22-23.

[40] Kangxi Jonathan D.Spence,trans. Emperor of China:Self Portrait of K’ang-hsi New York:Vintage,1975.9,and Bell,John. Journey from St. Petersburg to Pekin,1714-22. Edinburgh:Edinburgh University Press,1965.171.

[41] Parrot,Andre 1961 The Arts of Assyria. New York:Golden Press.65,fig.69.

[42] Bernier,Fran?ois. Travels in the Mogul Empire,A.D.1656-1668. 2nd ed. Oxford:Oxford University Press,1934,378-80.

[43] PSRL Polnoe sobranie russkikh letopisei. Moscow:Iazyki russkoi kul’tury,1997-2000.I,251;PVL Povest vremennykh let po lavrent’evskoi letopisi. 2nd ed. trans. and ed. D.S.Likhachev and V.P.Adrianovoi-Peretts. St.Petersburg:Nauka,1996.105,古俄语文本,and 243,现代俄语译本;and RPC Cross,Samuel Hazzard and Olgerd P.Sherbowitz-Wetzor,trans. and eds. The Russian Primary Chronicle,Laurentian Text. Cambridge,Mass.:Medieval Academy of America,1953.215。

[44] du Jarric,Pierre,S.J. Akbar and the Jesuits:An Account of the Jesuit Mission to the Court of Akbar. Trans. C.H.Payne. London:Routledge,1926.206-7.

[45] White,Lynn,Jr. 1996 The Making of Byzantium. Berkeley:University of California Press.112.

[46] Abūl Fa?l,AN Abū l Fa?l. Akbar Nama. Trans. Henry Beveridge. Reprint Delhi:Atlantic Publishers,1989.I,630.

[47] 相关评论请参见?usām al-Dawlah. Bāznāmah-i Na?īrī:A Persian Treatise on,74-75。

[48] Bābur,?ahir al-Dīn. The Bābur-nāma in English. Trans. Annette Susannah Beveridge. London:Luzac,1969.637,and Abū’l Fa?l,AA Abū’l Fa?l. The Akbār-ī Trans. H.Blochmann. Reprint Delhi:Atlantic Publishers,1979.I,306-7.

[49] 海青,又称海东青,是一种隼,金、元时的女真人与蒙古贵族有用海青捕猎的风俗。

[50] Yang Yü. Beitr?ge zur Kulturgeschichte Chinas unter der Mongolenherrschaft:Das Shan-kü Sin-hua. Trans. Herbert Franke. Wiesbaden:Franz Steiner,1956.79.

[51] Juvaynī/Q Juvayn?,. Ta’rīkh-i Jahāngushā. Ed. Mirzā Mu?ammad Qazvīnī. E.J.W. Gibb Memorial Series 26. London:Luzac,1912-37.I,191;Juvaynī/B Juvaynī,. The History of the World Conqueror. Trans. John A.Boyle. Cambridge,Mass.:Harvard University Press,1958.I,235;Rashīd/K Rashīd al-Dīn. al-tavārīkh. Ed. Karīmī. Tehran:Eqbal,1959.I,502;and Rashīd/B Rashid al-Dīn. The Successors of Genghis Khan. Trans. John A.Boyle. New York:Columbia University Press.92.

[52] Levanoni,Amalia 1995 A Turning Point in Mamluk History. Leiden:E. J. Brill.185,and Jahāngīr. Tūzuk-i Jahāngīrī or Memoirs of Jahāngīr. Trans. Alexander Rogers,ed. Henry Beveridge. Reprint Delhi:Munshiram Mansharlal,1978.II,182.

[53] Boccaccio,Giovanni. The Decameron. Trans. Mark Musa and Peter Bondanella. New York:Norton,1982.X (603).

[54] ?usām al-Dawlah. Bāznāmah-i Na?īrī:A Persian Treatise on,98-99.

[55] Muntanern. The Chronicle of Muntaner. Trans. Lady Goodenough. Reprint Nendeln:Kraus Reprint,1967.Vol. Ⅱ.466ff.

[56] Juvaynī/Q Juvayn?,. Ta’rīkh-i Jahāngushā. Ed. Mirzā Mu?ammad Qazvīnī. E.J.W. Gibb Memorial Series 26. London:Luzac,1912-37.I,24;Juvaynī/B Juvaynī,. The History of the World Conqueror. Trans. John A.Boyle. Cambridge,Mass.:Harvard University Press,1958.I,40;Bar Hebraeus. The Chronography of Gregory Abū’l Faraj,Trans. Ernest A.Wallis Budge. London:Oxford University Press,1932. Vol. Ⅰ.353;and Catherine Ⅱ. Memoirs of Catherine the Great. New York:Collier,1961.85,96,99,103,and 159.

[57] al-Nasāwī,Mu?ammad. Sīrat al-Sul?an Jalāl al-Din Mankubirtī. Ed. H.Hamdī. Cairo:Dār al-fakr ,1953.379,and Munshī,Iskander. History of Shah . Trans. Roger Savory. Boulder,Colo.:Westview Press,1978.II,1095.

[58] Juvaynī/Q Juvayn?,. Ta’rīkh-i Jahāngushā. Ed. Mirzā Mu?ammad Qazvīnī. E.J.W. Gibb Memorial Series 26. London:Luzac,1912-37.III,39;Juvaynī/B Juvaynī,. The History of the World Conqueror. Trans. John A.Boyle. Cambridge,Mass.:Harvard University Press,1958.II,574;Rashīd/K Rashīd al-Dīn. al-tavārīkh. Ed. Karīmī. Tehran:Eqbal,1959.I,586;and Rashīd/B Rashid al-Dīn. The Successors of Genghis Khan. Trans. John A.Boyle. New York:Columbia University Press.207.

[59] Munshī,Iskander. History of Shah . Trans. Roger Savory. Boulder,Colo.:Westview Press,1978.II,1096.

[60] SJ Sima Qian. Shiji. Beijing:Zhonghu shuju,1982.ch. 6,227,and SJQ Sima Qian. Records of the Grand Historian:Qin Dynasty. Trans. Burton Watson. New York:Columbia University Press,1993.37.

[61] 图曼(tūmān),1932年以前伊朗使用的货币,1图曼=10里亚尔。

[62] TM Minorsky,Vladimir,trans. Tadhkirat al-Mulūk:A Manual of Safavid Administration. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1980.44,51,75,88,and 95.

[63] Yūsuf Kha  ?ājib. Wisdom of Royal Glory(Kutadgu Bilig):A Turko-Islamic Mirror for Princes. Trans. Robert Dankoff. Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1983.174-75.

[64] Artsruni,Thomas. History of the House of the . Trans. Robert W.Thomson. Detroit:Wayne State University Press,1985.101-2.

[65] Munshī,Iskander. History of Shah . Trans. Roger Savory. Boulder,Colo.:Westview Press,1978.II,1260-61 and 1295.

[66] Manucci,Niccolao. Storia do Mogor or Mugul India,1653-1708. Trans. William Irvine. Reprint New Delhi:Oriental Books Reprint,1981.III,94 and 220,and McChesney,R. D. 1991 Waqf in Central Asia:Four Hundred Years in the History of a Muslim Shrine,1480-1889. Princeton,N.J.:Princeton University Press.117.

[67] Jūzjānī/L Jūzjānī,?abaqāt-i nā?irī. Ed. W.Nassau Lees. Bibliotheca Indica 44. Calcutta:College Press,1864.122,1134,149,233,248,and 285,and Jūzjānī/R Jūzjānī,?abaqāt-i nā?irī. Trans. H.G.Raverty. Reprint New Delhi:Oriental Book Reprint,1970.I,490,504,and 603-4,and II,725,745,and 806.

[68] Eisenstein,Herbert 1994 “Der amīr ?ikār unter den Mamlukensultanen.” In Cornelia Munch,ed.,Deutscher Orientalistentag,Vortr?ge. ZDMG,suppl. 10. Munich:Franz Steiner,pp.129-35.

[69] Lacroix,Paul 1963 France in the Middle Ages:Customs,Classes,Conditions. New York:Frederich Unger.203-4 and 207.

[70] Ye Longli. Qidan guoji. Shanghai:Guji chubanshe,1985.ch. 10,101.

[71] Hedin,Sven 1933 Jehol,City of Emperors. New York:Dutton.161-67,and Hou Ching-lang and Michèle Pirazzoli 1979 “Les chasses d’automne de l’empereur Qianlong à Mulan.” T’oung-pao 65:24-33.

[72] KF Heinisch,Klaus,F.,ed. and trans. Kaiser Friedrich Ⅱ:Sein Leben in zeitgen?ssischen Berichten. Munich:Winkler-Verlag,1969.233.

[73] Rudra Deva. ?yainika ?ātram:The Art of Hunting in Ancient India. Trans. M.M.Haraprasad Shastri. Delhi:Eastern Book Linkers,1982.108-9 (para.17-21).

[74] Kaempfer,Engelbert. Am Hofe der persischen Grossk?nigs,1684-1685. Trans. Walther Hinz. Tübingen and Basil:Erdmann,1977.158,and Melnikova,O. B. 2002 “For Food and Merriment....” In State Historical Museum 2002:64.

[75] Forbes,James. Oriental Memoirs. 1813. Reprint Delhi:Gian Publishing,1988.IV,96-97.

[76] YS Yuanshih. Beijing:Zhonghua shuju,1978.ch. 90,2293.

[77] YS Yuanshih. Beijing:Zhonghua shuju,1978.ch. 35,793.

[78] 乌马里(),14世纪初的埃及历史学家。

[79] ,18,阿拉伯语文本,and 41,德语译本。

[80] Usāmah Ibn Munqidh. An Arab-Syrian Gentleman and Warrior in the Period of the Crusades:Memoirs of Usāmah Ibn Munqidh. Trans. Philip K.Hitti. Princeton University Press,1987.224-25,and Kaempfer,Engelbert. Am Hofe der persischen Grossk?nigs,1684-1685. Trans. Walther Hinz. Tübingen and Basil:Erdmann,1977.109.

[81] 参见Rudra Deva. ?yainika ?ātram:The Art of Hunting in Ancient India. Trans. M.M.Haraprasad Shastri. Delhi:Eastern Book Linkers,1982.121 (para.9-10)。

[82] TTP Alderly,Lord Stanley,ed. Travels to Tana and Persia by Josafa Barbaro and Ambrogio Contarini. London:Hakluyt Society Publications,1873.66.

[83] Jahāngīr. Tūzuk-i Jahāngīrī or Memoirs of Jahāngīr. Trans. Alexander Rogers,ed. Henry Beveridge. Reprint Delhi:Munshiram Mansharlal,1978.I,347.

[84] Bābur,?ahir al-Dīn. The Bābur-nāma in English. Trans. Annette Susannah Beveridge. London:Luzac,1969.40.

[85] Abū’l Fa?l,AA Abū’l Fa?l. The Akbār-ī Trans. H.Blochmann. Reprint Delhi:Atlantic Publishers,1979.I,305-6,and Chardin,John. Travels in Persia,1673-77. 1927. Reprint New York:Dover,1988.180.

[86] Lacroix,Paul 1963 France in the Middle Ages:Customs,Classes,Conditions. New York:Frederich Unger.197-201 and 204;Dementieff,Georges 1945 “La fauconnerie en Russe:Esquisse historique.” L’oiseau et la revue fran?aise d’ornithologie 15:24-27;and SOS O’Kane,John,trans. The Ship of Sulaiman. New York:Columbia University Press,1972.157.

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