(542).MP, f. 4, op. 2, d. 2, ll. 7–10.
(543).MP, f. 4, op. 2, d. 2, l. 5. See similarly MM, f. 4, op. 11, d. 2, ll. 40–41.
(544).MP, f. 4, op. 2, d. 2, l. 10.
(545).MSP, f. 3, op. 41, d. 2, l. 10.
(546).MSP, f. 3, op. 41, d. 2, ll. 6, 11, 31–2, 54, 59, 62–3, 65.
(547).MSP, f. 3, op. 6, d. 2, ll. 6, 10, 25–6.
(548).关于单亲家庭中承担成人角色的头胎孩子，参见：MP, f. 4, op. 24, d. 2, ll. 39–40; op. 13, d. 2, ll. 42–4。
(549).MSP, f. 3, op. 37, d. 2, ll. 11–12, 40; I. Shikheeva-Gaister, Semeinaia khronika vremen kul’ta lichnosti: 1925–1953（Moscow, 1998）, pp. 36–8, 41–7, 50, 53–4, 187.
(550).MP, f. 4, op. 22, d. 2, ll. 3–4, 24–6, 34–5.
(551).See S. Davies, Popular Opinion in Stalin, s Russia: Terror, Propaganda and Dissent, 1934–1941（Cambridge, 1997）, pp. 131–2.
(552).MM, f. 1, op. 3, d. 905（25 January 1939）.
(553).See in particular MM, f. 1, op. 1, d. 5401; op. 3, d. 5923; f. 12, op. 25, d. 2; op. 31, d. 2.
(554).MM, f. 1, op. 3, d. 905（25 August 1940）; f. 12, op. 3, d. 2, l. 31.
(555).L. Siegelbaum and A. Sokolov（eds.）, Stalinism as a Way of Life: A Narrative in Documents（Yale, 2000）, p. 401.
(556).GMPIR, f. 2, nos. 51291–1345; VS 11026; f. 6, VS 1937, VS 1937 VS 1938.
(557).MM, f. 12, op. 22, d. 1, l. 1; d. 2, ll. 5–6, 14.
(558).MSP, f. 3, op. 40, d. 2, ll. 10, 22; d. 5（20 May 1940）.
(559).MSP, f. 3, op. 40, d. 2, ll. 7, 18, 24, 34–5.
(560).MSP, f. 3, op. 16, d. 2, ll. 71–2.
(561).MSP, f. 3, op. 16, d. 1; d. 2, ll. 25–7.
(562).GARF, f. 5207, op. 3, d. 49, l. 190; d.56, l. 18.
(563).A. Applebaum, Gulag: A History of the Soviet Camps（London, 2003）, p. 300.
(564).MSP, f. 3, op. 29, d. 2, ll. 1, 3, 14, 20–21.
(565).MM, f. 12, op. 27, d. 2, ll. 4, 72.
(566).MSP, f. 3, op. 13, d. 2, ll. 4–6, 21–4.
(567).MSP, f. 3, op. 24, d. 2, ll. 10, 41; d. 4, l. 25.
(568).MSP, f. 3, op. 24, d. 2, ll. 37–8.
(569).MSP, f. 3, op. 24, d. 2, ll. 20, 39–40.
(570).M. Nikolaev, Detdom（New York, 1985）, pp. 48–9, 89.
(571).Ibid., pp. 42, 65, 101.
(572).Ibid., pp. 77–9, 126; interview with Viktoriia Shweitser（Mikhail Nikolaev, s widow）, Moscow, July 2004.
(573).MSP, f. 3, op. 24, d. 2, l. 16; d. 4, l. 21.
(574).MSP, f. 3, op. 12, d. 2, l. 68.
(575).MSP, f. 3, op. 12, d. 2, ll. 127–30.
(576).E. P. Evangulova, Krestnyi put, （St Petersburg, 2000）, pp. 59, 69, 75, 77, 81.
(577).SFA, I. Slavina, ,Na vesakh nadezhdy i otchaianiia, , ms., p. 1.
(578).MSP, f. 3, op. 42, d. 2, l. 23; d. 3, ll. 1–2.
(579).MP, f. 4, op. 12, d. 2, ll. 10, 14, 32, 63–4.
(580).MSP, f. 3, op. 11, d. 2, ll. 39, 61, 62, 63–4, 72.
(581).Lynne Viola, ,Tear the Evil From the Root: The Children of Spetspereselentsy of the North, , in Natalia Baschmakoff and Paul Fryer（eds.）, Modernization of the Russian Provinces, special issue of Studia Slavica Finlandensia, 17（April 2000）, pp. 60–61.
(582).MP, f. 4, op. 18, d. 2, ll. 11, 16, 50, 52, 65, 76; d. 5, ll. 22–3.
(583).MP, f. 4, op. 2, d. 2, l. 14.
(584).Interviews with Oksana Kozmina（Moscow, 1988）, Klavdiia Goncharova（Moscow, 1986）, Inna Ilina（Moscow, 1988）, Lydia Violina（Moscow, 1988）, Klavdiia Babaeva（Moscow, 1988）; GFA, interviews with Sergei Barinov（Akmolinsk, 1988）; Leninskaia smena, 2 June 1988, p. 2; M. Shreider, NKVD iznutri: zapiski chekista（Moscow, 1995）, p. 117. See further A. Kukushkina, Akmolinskii lager, zhen ,izmennikov rodiny, . Istoriia i sud, by（Karaganda, 2002）.
(585).MP, f. 4, op. 2, d. 2, ll. 4, 45, 51.
(586).A. Applebaum, Gulag, p. 234; I. Shikheeva-Gaister, Semeinaia khronika vremen kul, ta lichnosti: 1925–1953（Moscow, 1998）, pp. 47–8.
(587).SFA, I. Slavina, ,Na vesakh nadezhdy i otchaianiia, , ms., pp. 6–7.
(588).Interview with Oksana Kozmina, Moscow, 1988.
(589).将“模范囚犯”讲述得最淋漓尽致的是索尔仁尼琴的《古拉格群岛》，参见：The Gulag Archipelago 1918–1956: An Experiment in Literary Investigation, 3 vols.（London, 1974–8）, vol. 2, pp. 251–91。
(590).MM, f. 12, op. 29, d. 2, ll. 1, 18.
(591).H. Volovich, ,My Past, , in S. Vilenskii（ed.）, Till My Tale is Told: Women, s Memoirs of the GULAG（Bloomington, 1999）, pp. 260–64.
(592).Applebaum, Gulag, p. 293.
(593).Interviews with Oksana Kozmina（Moscow, 1988）, Klavdiia Goncharova（Moscow, 1986）, Inna Ilina（Moscow, 1988）, Lydia Violina（Moscow, 1988）, Klavdiia Babaeva（Moscow, 1988）, Mikhail Iusipenko（Akmolinsk, 1988）.
(594).On this see Solzhenitsyn, Gulag, vol. 2, pp. 229–34; Applebaum, Gulag, pp. 285–91.
(595).MIFA, Tina Mikheladze, ,Vospominaniia, , ms., pp. 1–8; interview with Vakhtang Mikheladze, Moscow, April 2003.
(596).MSP, f. 3, op. 41, d. 2, ll. 10–12, 40–41, 83–91.
(597).GFA, Oksana Golovnia, ,Vospominaniia, , ms., pp. 5–7.
(598).GFA, letter from Anatoly to Liuba Golovnia, 22 June 1940; letters from Polina Eisner to Liuba Golovnia, 11 December 1940, 22 March 1941.
(599).GFA, Oksana Golovnia, ,Predislovie k pis, mam, , ms., p. 42; Polina Eisner（Ivanova）, ,Avtobiografiia,（February 1942）; interview with Oksana Kozmina, Moscow, 1988; letters from Anatoly to Liuba Golovnia, 23 July 1939; 1 March, 27 March, 3 April 1940.
(600).Interview with Aleksei Simonov, Moscow, November 2003.
(601).RGALI, f. 632, op. 1, d. 14, ll. 26–7.
(602).RGALI, f. 631, op. 2, d. 453, l. 21; f. 2897, op. 1, d. 114; A. Simonov, Chastnaia kollektsiia（Nizhny Novgorod, 1999）, pp. 35–6, 49; interviews with Aleksei Simonov, Moscow, November 2003; SLFA, Yevgeniia Laskina to Aleksandra Ivanisheva, 8 September 1939; Konstantin Simonov to Yevgeniia Laskina, August 1939.
(603).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 1, d. 93, l. 20.
(604).J. Colvin, Nomonhan（London, 1999）, pp. 169–75.
(605).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 1, d. 480, l. 106; op. 6, d. 170, l. 46; op. 10, d. 339, l. 11; K. Simonov, 100 sutok voiny（Moscow, 1999）, p. 295.
(606).G. Roberts, ,The Soviet Decision for a Pact with Nazi Germany, , Soviet Studies, vol. 44, no. 1（1992）, pp. 57–78; R. Overy, The Dictators: Hitler, s Germany and Stalin, s Russia（London, 2004）, p. 486.
(607).C. Merridale, Ivan, s War: The Red Army 1939–45（London, 2005）, p. 44.
(608).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 6, d. 170, ll. 44–6; K. Simonov, Glazami cheloveka moego pokoleniia（Moscow, 1990）, p. 67; Simonov, 100 sutok voiny, pp. 292–3.
(609).Simonov, 100 sutok voiny, pp. 297–8.
(610).Konstantin Simonov v vospominaniiakh sovremennikov（Moscow, 1984）, pp. 18–20.
(611).N. Pushnova, Valentina Serova（Moscow, 2003）, pp. 10, 298–9; interview with Maria Simonova, Moscow, March 2004.
(612).Pushnova, Valentina Serova, pp. 48–9.
(613).Ibid., p. 96.
(614).Interview with Fania Laskina, Moscow, July 2004.
(615).Pushnova, Valentina Serova, p. 115; M. Simonova, ,Ia pomniu, , Ogonek, 1993, no. 6, pp. 22–3; interview with Fania Laskina, Moscow, November 2003.
