1. Meir Zamir, The Formation of Modern Lebanon (London: Croom Helm, 1985), p.15.
2. 与阿蒙同行的还有另一个马龙派教徒、一个逊尼派穆斯林、一个希腊东正教基督徒和一个德鲁兹人。Lyne Lohéac, Daoud Ammoun et la Création de l'État libanais (Paris: Klincksieck, 1978), p.73.
3. 阿蒙的陈述载于颇有影响力的《巴黎日报》（Le Temps）, January 29, 1919，转载于George Samné, La Syrie (Paris: Editions Bossard, 1920), pp.231-232。
4. Ghanim's introduction in Samné, La Syrie, pp.xviii-xix.
5. Muhammad Jamil Bayhum, Al-ʻAhd al-Mukhdaram fi Suriya wa Lubnan, 1918—1922 ［The era of transition in Syria and Lebanon］ (Beirut: Dar al-Tali'a, n.d. ［1968］), p.109.
6. Ibid., p.110.
7. Lohéac, Daoud Ammoun, pp.84-85.
8. Bishara Khalil al-Khoury, Haqa'iq Lubnaniyya ［Lebanese realities］, vol. 1 (Harisa, Lebanon: Basil Brothers, 1960), p.106.
9. Lohéac, Daoud Ammoun, pp.91-92.
10. Alphonse Zenié, quoted in ibid., p.96.
11. Yusif Sawda, resident in Alexandria, cited in ibid., p.139.
12. Bayhum, al-ʻAhd al-Mukhdaram, pp.136-140.
13. Si Madani El Glaoui, cited in C. R. Pennell, Morocco Since 1830: A History (London: Hurst, 2000), p.176.
14. Pennell, Morocco Since 1830, p.190.
15. 被法国人逮捕后，穆罕默德·本·阿卜杜·卡里姆（阿卜杜·克里姆）在拉希德·里达主编的期刊《光塔》（al-Manar）上发表了他的政见，见al-Manar 27, 1344—1345 (1926—1927)：630-634。英译本见C. R. Pennell, A Country with a Government and a Flag: The Rif War in Morocco, 1921—1926 (Wisbech: MENAS Press, 1986), pp.256-259。
16. 转引自Pennell, A Country with a Government，源自阿卜杜·克里姆失败后法国人对部落民的采访，p.186。
17. Ibid., pp.189-190.
18. Ibid., pp.256-259.
19. Fawzi al-Qawuqji, Mudhakkirat ［Memoirs of］ Fawzi al-Qawuqji, vol. 1, 1914—1932 (Beirut: Dar al-Quds, 1975), p.81.
20. Edmund Burke III, “A Comparative View of French Native Policy in Morocco and Syria, 1912—1925,” Middle Eastern Studies 9 (1973): 175-186.
21. Philip S. Khoury, Syria and the French Mandate: The Politics of Arab Nationalism, 1920—1945 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1987), pp.102-108.
22. Burke, “Comparative View,” pp.179-180.
23. Abd al-Rahman Shahbandar, Mudhakkirat ［Memoirs］ (Beirut: Dar al-Irshad, 1967), p.154.
24. Al-Qawuqji, Mudhakkirat, p.84.
25. Al-Qawuqji, Mudhakkirat, pp.156-157.
26. Al-Qawuqji, Mudhakkirat, pp.86-87.
27. Ibid., p.89; Michael Provence, The Great Syrian Revolt and the Rise of Arab Nationalism (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2005), pp.95-100.
28. Siham Tergeman, Daughter of Damascus (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1994), p.97.
29. Shahbandar, Mudhakkirat, pp.186-189.
30. Al-Qawuqji, Mudhakkirat, pp.109-112.
31. John Ruedy, Modern Algeria: The Origins and Development of a Nation, 2nd ed. (Bloomington and Indianapolis: University of Indiana Press, 2005), p.69.
32. Gustave Mercier, Le Centenaire de l'Algérie, vol. 1 (Algiers: P＆G Soubiron, 1931), pp.278-281.
33. Ibid., vol. 1, pp.296-300.
34. Ibid., vol. 2, pp.298-304.
35. Ferhat Abbas, Le jeune Algérien: De la colonie vers la province ［The young Algerian: From the colony toward the province］ (Paris: Editions de la Jeune Parque, 1931), p.8.
36. 根据Ruedy书中第111页的数据，有20.6万名阿尔及利亚人被征召入伍，其中2.6万人战死，7.2万人受伤。Abbas称有25万名阿尔及利亚人被征召入伍，其中8万人死亡；p.16。
37. Abbas, Le jeune Algérien, p.24.
38. Ibid., p.119.
39. Ibid., pp.91-93.
40. Claude Collot and Jean-Robert Henry, Le Mouvement national algérien: Textes 1912—1954 ［The Algerian national movement: Texts 1912—1954］ (Paris: L'Harmattan, 1978), pp.66-67.
41. Ibid., pp.68-69.
42. Ibid., pp.38-39. 关于麦萨利，见Benjamin Stora, Messali Hadj (1898—1974): pionnier du nationalism algérien ［Messali Hadj (1898—1974): Pioneer of Algerian nationalism］ (Paris: L'Harmattan, 1986)。
43. 法案的全译本见J. C. Hurewitz, The Middle East and North Africa in World Affairs, vol. 2 (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1975), pp.504-508。
44. Al-Khoury, Syria and the French Mandate, p.592.
45. Bishara al-Khoury, Haqa'iq Lubnaniyya ［Lebanese realities］, vol. 2 (Beirut: Awraq Lubnaniyya, 1960), pp.15-16.
46. Ibid., pp.33-52.
47. Khalid al-Azm, Mudhakkirat ［Memoirs of］ Khalid al-ʻAzm, vol. 1 (Beirut: Dar al-Muttahida, 1972), pp.294-299.
48. Tergeman, Daughter of Damascus, pp.97-98.
