1. C. Mango and R. Parker, 'A Twelfth-Century Description of St Sophia', Dumbarton Oaks Papers 14 (1960), pp. 235–40.
2. E. Legrand, 'Constantin le Rhodien: Description des oeuvres d'art et de l'église des Saints Ap?tres, suivie d'un commentaire par Th. Reinach', Revue des Etudes Grecques 9 (1896), pp. 32–65.
3. 君士坦丁堡的贸易规章在一本名为"Book of the Eparch"的法典中得到了规定。J. Koder, Das Eparchenbuch Leons des Weisen (Vienna, 1991).
4. K. Ciggaar, 'Une description de Constanti-nople dans le Tarragonensis 55', Revue des Etudes Byzantines 53 (1995), pp. 117–40.
5. Fulcher of Chartres, I.9.i, p. 79.
6. The Saga of the People of Laxardal (Laxdaela Saga), tr. K. Kunz in The Sagas of Icelanders (London, 1997), 72, p. 410.
7. Michael Psellos, ed. and tr. E. Theanauld, Michel Psellos. Chronographie, 2 vols.(Paris, 1926), VII.25, 2, p. 97,
8. Laxdaela Saga, 77, p. 419.
9. Snorri Sturulson, Haralds Saga, tr. L. Hollander, in Heimskringla: History of the Kings of Norway (Austin, TX, 1964), 3–6, pp. 579–82.
10. R. Savage (ed.), La Chronique de Sainte-Barbe-en-Auge (Caen, 1906), pp. 23, 57–8.
11. K. Ciggaar, 'L'émigration anglaise à Byzance après 1066', Revue des Etudes Byzantines 32 (1974), pp. 338–41.
12. Ciggaar, 'Description de Constantinople', p. 119; Gesta Francorum Iherusalem expugnantium, in RHC, Occ., 3, p. 494; J. Zepos and P. Zepos (eds.), Jus Graeco-Romanorum, 8 vols. (Athens, 1931–62) 1, p. 317; Miklosich and Müller, 6, p. 44; P. Lemerle, N. Svoronos, A. Guillou, D. Papachryssanthou (eds.), Archives de l'Athos: Actes de Lavra (Paris, 1970), no. 48, 1, pp. 258–9.
13. Actes de Lavra, no. 35, 1, pp. 233–5.
14. M. English Frazer, 'Church doors and the Gates of Paradise: Byzantine bronze doors in Italy', Dumbarton Oaks Papers 27 (1973), pp. 147–8.
15. P. Lemerle, 'Le testament d'Eustathios Bo?las (Avril 1059)', Cinq études sur le XIe siècle byzantin (Paris, 1977), pp. 24–5.
16. 关于曼齐刻尔特战役及其对突厥身份认同的意义，参见C. Hillenbrand, Turkish Myth and Muslim Symbol: The Battle of Manzikert (Edinburgh, 2007).
17. Tabula S. Basilii, in RHC, Occ., 5, pp. 295–8; J. Darrouzès, 'Le mouvement des fondations monastiques au XIe siècle', Travaux et Mémoires 6 (1976), p. 173.
18. C. Morrisson, 'La dévaluation de la monnaie byzantine au XIe siècle', Travaux et Mémoires 6 (1976), pp. 3–29.
19. Michael Attaleiates对税收的上升抱怨不已，p.284，关于小麦价格的逐步上升，ibid.,pp.201-204。
20. T. Smiciklas (ed.), Codex diplomaticus regni Croatiae, Dalmatiae et Slavoniae (Zagreb, 1905), 1, pp. 139–41; Gregory VII, Register, 5.12, p. 258; P. Stephenson, Byzantium's Balkan Frontier, 900–1204 (Cambridge, 2000), p. 144.
21. Anna Komnene, II.3, pp. 54–5.
22. Michael Attaleiates, p. 215; Nikephoros Bryennios, III.16, p. 241.
23. Michael Attaleiates, p. 306.
24. Anna Komnene, III.11, pp. 103– 4.
25. Anna Komnene, VI.11, p. 176.
26. Anna Komnene, XV.10, p. 463.
27. Anna Komnene, I.1, p. 9.
28. Anna Komnene, III.2, pp. 82–3.
29. Nikpehoros Bryennios, IV.29, p. 299.
30. W. Wroth, Catalogue of Imperial Byzantine Coins in the British Museum, 2 vols. (London, 1908), 2, p. 539; G. Zacos and A. Veglery, Byzantine Lead Seals (Basel, 1972), nos. 99 (a & b), 100; J. Nesbitt, N. Oikonomides et al. (eds.), Catalogue of Byzantine Seals at Dumbarton Oaks, 7 vols. (Washington, DC, 1991–), 6, no. 86.1.
31. Anna Komnene, II.9, p. 70.
32. 《阿莱克修斯纪》中没有提及阿莱克修斯获任命——考虑到之后他没有向诺曼人进军而是回师帝都，这也没什么好奇怪的。不过，此事可参见Romuald of Salerno, Chronicon, RIS, NS, 7, 1, p. 192. Also, Dandolo, Chronica per extensum descripta, RIS, NS, 12, p. 216, and Michael the Syrian, p. 176.
33. Anna Komnene, II.10, pp. 72–3; John Zonaras, XVIII.20, 3, pp. 727–8.
34. Anna Komnene, III.5, pp. 89–90.
35. John Zonaras, XVIII.20, 3, p. 729.
36. Anna Komnene, II.12, p. 78.
37. Anna Komnene, III.1, p. 79.
38. De Cerimoniis, I.38, 1, pp. 191–6.
39. Anna Komnene, II.4, p. 58; IV.4, p. 114; III.9, pp. 100–1.
40. Anna Komnene, III.4, p. 87, John Zonaras, XVIII.21, 3, p. 732.
41. Geoffrey Malaterra, III.41, p. 82. 关于诺曼人与拜占庭帝国的关系，参见W. McQueen, 'Relations between the Normans and Byzantium 1071–1112', Byzantion 56 (1986), pp. 427–76; H. Taviani-Carozzi, La Terreur du monde – Robert Guiscard et la conquête normande en Italie (Paris, 1997); G. Loud, The Age of Robert Guiscard: Southern Italy and the Norman Conquest (Singapore, 2000).
42. Gregory Pakourianos, p.
43. 这是一场大胜，因为这场胜利，帕蔻里昂诺斯获得皇帝丰厚的奖赏。但这名将军以为他取得的胜利能被铭记，那就错了。它很快就被遗忘，而且遗忘了近千年之久。P. Frankopan, 'A victory of Gregory Pakourianos against the Pechenegs', Byzantinoslavica 57 (1996), pp. 278–81.
43. Theophylact of Ohrid, p. 111.
44. Anna Komnene, VIII.5, pp. 225–6.
45. Anna Komnene, VIII.6, pp. 227–8; John Zonaras, XVIII.22, 3, p. 741.
46. 例如，之前政权中的一些主要人物1081年被派去与诺曼人作战，很多人都在迪拉基翁战役中被杀。 Anna Komnene, IV.6, p. 122.
47. Anna Komnene, IV.4, pp. 114–15.
48. Michael Psellos, II.1–2, 1, p. 25; II.7, 1, p. 29.
49. John the Oxite, p. 31.
50. Nikephoros Bryennios, II.7, pp. 154–5.
51. Anna Komnene, XV.11, p. 464.
52. Anna Komnene, XIV.7, p. 423.
53. Nikephoros Bryennios, II.7, pp. 154–5; John the Oxite, pp. 37–9; A. Lavriotes (ed.), 'Historikon zetema ekklesiastikon epi tes basileias Alexiou Komnenou', Ekklesiastike Aletheia 20 (1900), p. 412.
54. Anna Komnene, III.5, p. 89. For her foundation, Miklosich and Müller, 6, pp. 27–8, 33.
55. Anna Komnene, III.5, pp. 90–1; V.2, pp. 130–2; V. Grumel, 'L'affaire de Léon de Chalcédoine, le Chrysobulle d'Alexis Ier sur les objets sacrés', Revue des Etudes Byzantines 2 (1944), pp. 126–33; Anna Komnene, III.8, p. 96.
56. J. Darrouzès, Georges et Dèmètrios Tornikès – Lettres et Discours (Paris, 1970), pp. 234–5.
57. Manuel Straboromanos, pp. 182–3.
58. John Zonaras, XVIII.29, 3, pp. 765–6.
59. Anna Komnene, XIV.4, pp. 411–13.
60. R. Romano (ed.), Nicola Callicle, Carmi (Naples, 1980), pp. 101–2; P. Magdalino and R. Nelson, 'The Emperor in Byzantine art of the 12th Century', Byzantinische Forschungen 8 (1982), pp. 123–6.
61. Anna Komnene, III.3, p. 93. 关于他的口齿不清I.8, p. 26. 阿莱克修斯两幅已知的画像保存在罗马梵蒂冈图书馆收藏的手稿中。Vaticanus Gr. 666, f. 2r.; 666, f. 2v.
