关于君士坦丁堡，有一些非常不错的文集。参见Cyril Mango's Studies on Constantinople (Aldershot 1993), and his Constantinople and its Hinterland (Aldershot, 1995) (with Gilbert Dagron). Paul Magdalino's Studies on the History and Topography of Byzantine Constantinople (Aldershot, 2007) 提供了很多原创性的富于启发的观点。关于综述性的研究，参见Jonathan Harris, Constantinple: Capital of Byzantium( London,2007)。
关于11世纪后半叶，最好的二手作品是Jean-Claude Cheynet的Pouvoir et contestations à Byzance 963–1210 (Paris, 1990). Alexander Kazhdan关于拜占庭贵族的研讨论文有意大利文版L'aristocrazia bizantina: dal principio dell'XI alla fine del XII secolo (tr. Silvia Ronchey, Palermo, 1997) 。Jonathan Shepard优秀的文章'Aspects of Byzantine attitudes and policy towards the West in the 10th and 11th Centuries', Byzantinische Forschungen 13 (1988), pp. 67–118极好地介绍了拜占庭人对外国人的态度。另见同一作者的'The uses of the Franks in 11th Century Byzantium', Anglo-Norman Studies 15 (1992), pp. 275–305, '"Father" or "Scorpion"？ Style and substance in Alexios' diplomacy', in Mullett and Smythe, Alexios, pp. 68–132, and 'Cross-purposes: Alexius Comnenus and the First Crusade', in Phillips, First Crusade, pp. 107–29。Krinje Ciggaar的Western Travellers to Constantinople: The West & Byzantium, 962–1204 (Leiden, 1996) 表明当时这座城市是怎样一座大都会。
阿莱克修斯一世·科穆宁的统治期
Ferdinand Chalandon's Essai sur le règne d'Alexis I Comnène (Paris, 1900) 至今仍是最新的关于阿莱克修斯统治期的专著，也仍然非常明晰，非常有用。1989 Belfast symposium的工作论文收录在Mullettand Smythe所编的Alexios I Komnenos中，非常不错，包含了一系列发人深思的重要论文，最重要的有Magdalino、Sheparrd、Macrides和Angold的。我也曾撰文挑战下列观点：阿莱克修斯皇帝的家族是其统治的基础，我强调了其家族核心成员之间在第一次十字军东征前夕的不谐举动。P. Frankopan, 'Kinship and the distribution of power in Komnenian Byzantium', English Historical Review 495 (2007), pp. 1–34.
关于阿莱克修斯一世及其继任者时期的军队状况，John Birkenmeier,The Development of the Komnenian Army: 1081–1180 (Leiden, 2002), 不过Armin Hohlweg所著Beitr?ge zur Verwaltunsgeschichte des ostr?mischen Reiches unter den Komnenen (Munich, 1965) 也仍然有不少灼见。Paul Magdalino的The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos 1143–1180 (Cambridge, 1993) 很值得一读，不仅可了解阿莱克修斯的继任者们，也能作为背景来了解《阿莱克修斯纪》的著述过程。关于这一点，另可参见Paul Stephenson, 'The Alexiad as a source for the Second Crusade', Journal of Medieval History 45 (2003), pp. 41–54.
关于经济，参见Alan Harvey, Economic Expansion in the Byzantine Empire (900–1200) (Cambridge, 1989) 及其非常重要的论文'The land and taxation in the reign of Alexios I Komnenos: The evidence of Theophylakt of Ochrid', Revue des Etudes Byzantines 51 (1993), pp. 139–54。Michael Metcalf的Coinage in South-Eastern Europe (Oxford, 1979) 仍然属于必读书，他的文章'The reformed gold coinage of Alexius I Comnenus', in Hamburger Beitr?ge zur Numismatik, vol. 16 (1962), pp. 271–84也是。关于11世纪时货币的贬值，参见Cécile Morrisson, 'La Dévaluation de la monnaie byzantine au XIe siècle', Travaux et Mémoires 6 (1976), pp. 3–29.
拜占庭及其邻人们
Claude Cahen影响深远的 'La première pénétration turque en Asie Mineure', Byzantion 18 (1948), pp. 5–67主导了对11世纪的小亚细亚状况的评估，勾勒了曼齐刻尔特战役前后突厥人威胁的增加。Jean-Claude Cheynet提供了对其观点的第一次重要修正，见'Manzikert: un désastre militaire？', Byzantion 50 (1980), pp. 410–38。更晚近些，同一位历史学家又用'La résistance aux Turcs en Asie Mineure entre Mantzikert et la Première Croisade', in Eupsykhia: Mélanges offerts à Hélène Ahrweiler 2 vols. (Paris, 1998), 1, pp. 131–47更进一步提出挑战。这些都提供了对突厥人和小亚细亚局势非常重要的重估。对考古证据的依赖，以及对文本的重视，在Clive Foss的作品中体现得很明显，包括'The defences of Asia Minor against the Turks', Greek Orthodox Theological Review 27 (1982), pp. 145–205。在斯特洛比罗斯 、萨加拉索斯 、以弗所和其他一些地方出土的新证据继续不断挑战着关于安纳托利亚的突厥人定居点的本质、范围和延续时间的既有观点。关于君士坦丁堡以北地区不断滋长的对拜占庭的压力，参见Paul Stephenson, Byzantium's Balkan Frontier (Cambridge, 2000) ，它补充完善并超越了研究该地区的学者先前的著作。
诺曼人对意大利南部的征服在Hartmut Hoffmann的'Die Anf?nge der Normannen in Süditalien', in Quellen und Forschungen aus Italienischen Archiven und Bibiliotheken, 47 (1967), pp. 95–144中得到了出色的勾勒，不过，Graham Loud具有开创性的研究在近些年推动了相关研究，例如The Latin Church in Norman Italy(Cambridge,2007)以及'Coinage, wealth and plunder in the age of Robert Guiscard', English Historical Review, 114 (1999), pp. 815–43. 另见他的The Age of Robert Guiscard: Southern Italy and the Norman Conquest(Singapore,2000)。Jean-Marie Martin的La Pouille du VIe au XIIe siècles (Rome, 1993) 仍然是东南意大利研究的标杆。Paul Oldfield的近期文章'Urban government in southern Italy, c.1085–c.1127', English Historical Review 122 (2007), pp. 579–608也提供了令人感兴趣的关于诺曼人对意大利南部统治的洞见，他的著作City and Community in Norman Italy(Cambridge,2009)也是如此。
关于拜占庭帝国与诺曼人的关系，参见Huguette Taviani-Carozzi, La Terreur du monde – Robert Guiscard et la conquête normande en Italie (Paris, 1997)。William McQueen的文章'Relations between the Normans and Byzantium 1071–1112', Byzantion 56 (1986), pp. 427–76以及Matthew Bennettde 的 'Norman naval activity in the Mediterranean c.1060–1108', Anglo-Norman Studies 15 (1992), pp. 41–58提供了关于对拜占庭帝国的进攻颇有助益的检视。
与威尼斯的贸易作用十分关键，也得到了非常详尽的研究。Thomas Madden's 'The chrysobull of Alexius I Comnenus to the Venetians: The date and the debate', Journal of Medieval History 28 (2002), pp. 23–41非常出色，不过，我对授权文本内提供的证据存有很重要的疑点，关于日期也是，参见我的文章'Byzantine trade privileges to Venice in the eleventh century: The chrysobull of 1092', Journal of Medieval History 30 (2004), pp. 135–60。关于11世纪90年代其他事件的问题，均源于《阿莱克修斯纪》中编年存在的问题，参见我在'The Fall of Nicaea and the towns of western Asia Minor to the Turks in the later 11th Century: The curious case of Nikephoros Melissenos', Byzantion 76 (2006), pp. 153–84中，以及'Challenges to imperial authority in Byzantium: Revolts on Crete and Cyprus at the end of the 11th Century', Byzantion 74 (2004), pp. 382–402中提到的片段。
第一次十字军东征
除了前面已经提到的概述第一次十字军东征的作品外，这里将增加一些关注这次远征具体各个方面的作品。关于克莱蒙大公会议和教皇乌尔班二世1095-1096年在法兰西的行程，参见André Vauchez (ed.), Le Concile de Clermont de 1095 et l'appel à la Croisade: Actes du Colloque Universitaire International de Clermont-Ferrand (Rome, 1997) 。众多学者对十字军的传道动员进行了很好的阐述，比如Penny Cole, The Preaching of the Crusades to the Holy Land (Cambridge, Mass., 1991) ，不过也可以参考H. E. J. Cowdrey, 'Pope Urban II's preaching of the First Crusade', History 55 (1970), pp. 177–88以及Robert Somerville, 'The Council of Clermont and the First Crusade', Studia Gratiana 20 (1976), pp. 323–7.
关于参加东征者的响应和动机，参见Jonathan Riley-Smith, 'The motives of the earliest crusaders and the settlement of Latin Palestine, 1095–1100', English Historical Review 98 (1983), pp. 721–36；他的'The idea of Crusading in the Charters of Early Crusaders', in Vauchez, Concile de Clermont, pp. 155–66也很有用，另外还有Christopher Tyerman, 'Who went on crusades to the Holy Land？', in Horns of Hattin, pp. 13–26. Marcus Bull's Knightly Piety and the Lay Response to the First Crusade: The Limousin and Gascony (Oxford, 1993) ，提供了关于法兰西一个地区情况的引人入胜又细致入微的描述。另可参见John France, 'Les origines de la Première Croisade: un nouvel examen', in Balard, Autour de la Première Croisade, pp. 43–56.
关于11世纪末出现的千禧主义，参见Hannes M?hring, Der Weltkaiser der Endzeit: Entstehung Wandel und Wirkung einer tausendj?hrigen Weissagung (Stuttgart, 2000) ，以及Brett Whalen, Dominion of God: Christendom and Apocalypse in the Early Middle Ages (Cambridge, Mass., 2009). 关于更多就第一次十字军东征的起源与影响的专门研究，参见Michele Gabriele, 'Against the enemies of Christ: The role of Count Emicho in the Anti-Jewish Violence of the First Crusade', in M. Frassetto (ed.), Christian Attitudes towards the Jews in the Middle Ages: A Casebook (Abingdon, 2007), pp. 61–82以及Robert Chazan, '"Let not a remnant or a residue escape": Millenarian enthusiasm in the First Crusade', Speculum 84 (2009), pp. 289–313.
涉及这次远征的一些具体事宜，也能做出个别推荐。Logistics of Warfare in the Age of the Crusades,edited by John Pryor(Aldershot,2006)是很好的阅读起点。另可参见Alan Murray 'The army of Godfrey of Bouillon 1096–9: Structure and dynamics of a contingent on the First Crusade', Revue Belge de Philologie et d'histoire 70 (1992), pp. 30–29; Jonathan Riley-Smith, 'First Crusaders and the costs of crusading', in Michael Goodrich, Sophia Menache and Syvlie Schein, Cross Cultural Convergences in the Crusader Period (New York, 1995), pp. 237–57; Matthew Bennett, 'Travel and transport of the Crusades', Medieval History 4 (1994), pp. 91–101; John Nesbitt, 'The rate of march of crusading armies in Europe: A study and computation', Traditio 19 (1963), pp. 167– 82都提出了非常敏锐的问题，一如Karl Leyser 'Money and supplies on the First Crusade', in Communications and Power, pp. 83–94以及Sue Edgington 'Medical knowledge in the crusading armies: The evidence of Albert of Aachen and others' in Malcolm Barber (ed.), The Military Orders: Fighting for the Faith and Caring for the Sick (Aldershot, 1994), pp. 320–6.
关于隐修者彼得，参见M. D. Coupe, 'Peter the Hermit, a reassessment' Nottingham Medieval Studies 31 (1987), pp.37–45, Ernest Blake and Colin Morris, 'A hermit goes to war: Peter and the origins of the First Crusade', Studies in Church History 22 (1985), pp. 79–107, Jean Flori, Pierre l'Eremite et la Première Croisade (Paris, 1999), and Jay Rubenstein, 'How, or how much, to re-evaluate Peter the Hermit', in Susan Ridyard (ed.), The Medieval Crusade (Woodbridge, 2004) pp. 53–70。关于各位十字军领导人的生平研究很容易产生疏漏，导致抨击，因此近年来一直都不怎么受欢迎。不过，Ralph Yewdale的Bohemond I:Prince of Antioch(Princeton,1924)具有持久的魅力。Jean Flori的Bohémond d'Antioche: Chevalier d'aventure (Paris, 2007) 则更加反映近期研究现状。关于图卢兹的雷蒙，John and Laurita Hill, Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse (Syracuse, 1962)。关于诺曼底的罗伯特，William Aird's recent Robert 'Curthose', Duke of Normandy (c.1050–1134) (Woodbridge, 2008)。关于布永的戈弗雷，Pierre Aubé, Godefroy de Bouillon (Paris, 1985).
对犹太人的屠杀在Robert Chazan, European Jewry and the First Crusade (Berkeley, 1987) 以及Gerd Mentgen, 'Die Juden des Mittelrhein-Mosel-Gebietes im Hochmittelalter unter besonder Berücksichtigung der Kreuzzugsverfolgungen', Monatshefte für Evangelische Kirchengeschichte des Rheinlandes 44 (1995), pp. 37–75. 中得到了研究。Eva Haverkamp的Hebr?ische Berichte über die Judenverfolgungen w?hrend des Ersten Kreuzzugs (Hanover, 2005) 如今是关于1096年大屠杀的标杆作品。
关于君士坦丁堡与阿莱克修斯的关系，John Pryor的 'The oath of the leaders of the Crusade to the Emperor Alexius Comnenus: Fealty, homage', Parergon 2 (1984), pp. 111–41阐述得很合理，一如Ralph-Johannes Lilie, 'Noch einmal zu dem Thema "Byzanz und die Kreuzfahrerstaaten"', Poikila Byzantina 4 (1984), pp. 121–74。不过，绝对必读的是Jonathan Shepard的'When Greek meets Greek: Alexius Comnenus and Bohemund in 1097–8', Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 12 (1988), pp. 185–277.
关于安条克，参见Bernard Bachrach, 'The siege of Antioch: A study in military demography', War in History 6 (1999), pp. 127–46; John France, 'The departure of Tatikios from the Crusader army', Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 44 (1971), pp. 137–47; Geoffrey Rice, 'A note on the battle of Antioch, 28 June 1098: Bohemund as tactical innovator', Parergon 25 (1979), pp. 3–8。Randall Rogers的Latin Siege Warfare in the 12th Century (Oxford, 1992) 是关于这一时期围城战的出色导引，尤其是关于尼西亚和安条克之战。
关于1099年在耶路撒冷创建的东方王国，Joshua Prawer的The Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem: European Colonialism in the Middle Ages (New York, 1972); Jean Richard, The Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem (London, 1979); Alan Murray, The Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: A Dynastic History 1099–1125 (Oxford, 2000)。关于安条克，参见Thomas Asbridge's excellent The Creation of the Principality of Antioch 1098–1130 (Woodbridge, 2000)。另可参见Christopher MacEvitt近期非常重要的作品The Crusades and the Christian World of the East: Rough Tolerance (Philadelphia, 2008) 。关于耶路撒冷牧首，参见Michael Matzke, Daibert von Pisa: Zwischen Pisa, Papst und erstem Kreuzzug (Sigmaringen, 1998).
关于意大利城市国家，参见Marie-Louise Favreau-Lilie, Die Italiener im Heiligen Land vom ersten Kreuzzug bis zum Tode Heinrichs von Champagne (1098–1197) (Amsterdam, 1988；关于它们与拜占庭帝国的关系，Ralph-Johannes Lilie's Handel und Politik zwischen dem byzantinischen Reich und den italienischen Kommunen Venedig, Pisa und Genua in der Epoche der Komnenen und der Angeloi (1081–1204) (Amsterdam, 1984) 仍然立论坚实。
关于博希蒙德征讨拜占庭帝国，参见John Rowe, 'Paschal II, Bohemund of Antioch and the Byzantine Empire', Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 49 (1966), pp. 165–202。另可参见Luigi Russo的 'Il viaggio di Boemundo d'Altavilla in Francia', Archivio storico italiano 603 (2005), pp. 3–42.
关于第一次十字军东征历史的撰写，参见James Powell, 'Myth, legend, propaganda, history: The First Crusade, 1140–c.1300', in Autour de la Première Croisade, pp. 127–41, ，以及Nicholas Paul的两篇出色的文章'Crusade, memory and regional politics in twelfth-century Amboise', Journal of Medieval History 31 (2005), pp. 127–41和'A warlord's wisdom: Literacy and propaganda at the time of the First Crusade', Speculum 85 (2010), pp. 534–66.
