[53] Paarlberg，R.2008.Starved for Science.Harvard University Press.
[54] 罗恩·贝莉（Ron Bailey）指出，大多数时候，预防原则可以归纳为如下一句话：“绝不要做头一个吃螃蟹的人。”http://reason.com/archives/2003/07/02/making-the-future-safe.
[55] Kaplan，H.E.and Robson，A.J.2002.The emergence of humans：the co-evolution of intelligence and longevity with intergenerational transfers.PNAS 99：10221-6；see also Kaplan，H.and Gurven，M.2005.The natural history of human food sharing and cooperation：a review and a new multi-individual approach to the negotiation of norms.In Moral Sentiments and Material Interests（eds H.Gintis，S.Bowles，R.Boyd and E.Fehr）.MIT Press.
[56] Charles Ⅴ和Philip Ⅱ，腓力二世也译作菲利普二世，他们是16世纪初前后相继的两任君主。这一时期也是西班牙称霸海上、四处殖民的全盛期。——译者注
[57] Ferguson，N.2008.The Ascent of Money.Allen Lane.
[58] rent-seeking，指为维持垄断地位以得到垄断利润而从事的一种非生产性寻利活动。寻租扭曲了经济资源的配置，阻止了更有效的生产方式的实施。对寻租者来说有好处，但对社会来说没有效率。——译者注
[59] Findlay，R.and O扲ourke，K.H.2007.Power and Plenty：Trade，War and the World Economy.Princeton University Press.
[60] Nicholas，T.2008.Innovation lessons from the 1930s.McKinsey Quarterly，December 2008.
[61] http://www.arcadiabio.com/pr_0032.php.
[62] Thoreau，H.D.1854.Walden：Or Life in the Woods.Ticknor and Fields.
[63] Cox，W.M.and Aim，R.1999.Myths of Rich and Poor-Why We Are Better off Than We Think.Basic Books.
[64] Mill，J.S.1848.Principles of Political Economy.
[65] http://www.the toasterproject.org.
[66] http://www.wired.com/print/culture/design/news/2007/03/100milesuit0330.
[67] Smith，A.1776.The Wealth of Nations.
[68] Read，L.E.1958.1，Pencil.The Freeman，December 1958.当代也有人就同一主题写过类似的文章，见Roberts，R.2008.The Price of Everything.Princeton University Press.
[69] Hayek，F.A.1945.The use of knowledge in society.American Economic Review 35：519-30.
[70] 电视的发明者之一。——译者注
[71] 电话的发明者。——译者注
[72] 万维网的发明者之一。——译者注
[73] 抽水马桶的发明者。——译者注
[74] 小儿麻痹症疫苗的发明者。——译者注
[75] Smith，A.1776.The Wealth of Nations.
[76] 数据来自美国劳动统计局：www.bls.org.
[77] Clark，G.2007.A Farewell to Alms.Princeton University Press.
[78] 非洲东南部的一个国家。——译者注
[79] CM.and Wodon，Q.2006.Gender，Time Use and Poverty in SubSaharan Africa.World Bank.
[80] http://allafrica.com/stories/200712260420.html.
[81] 亚拉伯罕·马斯洛在需要层次理论中解释过需要和想要的区别：早在满足自己的基本需要之前，人就在进化中获得了雄心，开始极力夸大自己的社会地位或性别价值。见Miller，G.2009.Spent.Heinemann.
[82] Bailey，R.2008.The food miles mistake.Reason，4 November 2008.http://www.reason.com/news/show/129855.html.
[83] 见https://statistics.defra.gov.uk/esg/reports/foodmiles/final.pdf.
[84] Specter，M.2008.Big foot.The New Yorker，25 February 2008.http://www.new yorker.com/reporting/2008/02/25/080225fa_fact_specter.还可见http://grownunderthesun.com.
[85] Jordan，W.C.1996.The Great Famine：Northern Europe in the Early Fourteenth Century.Princeton University Press.
[86] 这段话中的统计数据来自Angus Maddison（Phases of Capitalist Development），引自Kealey，T.2008.Sex，Science and Profits.Heinemann.
[87] Sahlins，M.1968.Notes on the original affluent society.In Man the Hunter（eds R.B.Lee and I.DeVore）.Aldine.Pages 85-9.
[88] Caspari，R.and Lee，S.-H.2006.Is human longevity a consequence of cultural change or modern biology？American Journal of Physical Anthropology 129：512-17.
[89] Ofek，H.2001.Second Nature：Economic Origins of Human Evolution.Cambridge University Press.
[90] 地理学名词，是第四纪的第一个世，距今约260万年至1万年。这一时期绝大多数动植物属种与现代相似。——译者注
[91] Miller，G.2009.Spent.Heinemann.
[92] 旧石器时代晚期的欧洲高加索人种。——译者注
[93] 1英亩＝6.07亩。——译者注
[94] 古罗马剧作家。——译者注
[95] Keeley，L.1996.War Before Civilization.Oxford University Press.
[96] Otterbein，K.F.2004.How War Began.Texas A&M Press.
[97] Miller，G.2009.Spent.Heinemann.
[98] 按年代推算，此处提到的当是黄帝元妃嫘祖。——译者注
