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GDP (purchasing power parity):

$1.346 trillion (2007 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate):

$893.4 billion (2007 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:

3.3% (2007 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP):

$12,800 (2007 est.)

GDP - composition by sector:

agriculture: 4%

industry: 26.6%

services: 69.5% (2007 est.)

Labor force:

44.71 million (2007 est.)

Labor force - by occupation:

agriculture: 18%

industry: 24%

services: 58% (2003)

Unemployment rate:

3.7% plus underemployment of perhaps 25% (2007 est.)

Population below poverty line:

13.8% using food-based definition of poverty; asset based poverty amounted to more than 40% (2006)

Household income or consumption by percentage share:

lowest 10%: 1.2%

highest 10%: 37% (2006)

Distribution of family income - Gini index:

50.9 (2005)

Inflation rate (consumer prices):

4% (2007)

Investment (gross fixed):

20.8% of GDP (2007 est.)

Budget:

revenues: $209.2 billion

expenditures: $209.2 billion (2007 est.)

Public debt:

22.8% of GDP (2007 est.)

Agriculture - products:

corn, wheat, soybeans, rice, beans, cotton, coffee, fruit, tomatoes; beef, poultry, dairy products; wood products

Industries:

food and beverages, tobacco, chemicals, iron and steel, petroleum, mining, textiles, clothing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, tourism

Industrial production growth rate:

1.4% (2007 est.)

Electricity - production:

222.4 billion kWh (2005)

Electricity - production by source:

fossil fuel: 78.7%

hydro: 14.2%

nuclear: 4.2%

other: 2.9% (2001)

Electricity - consumption:

183.3 billion kWh (2005)

Electricity - exports:

1.597 billion kWh (2005)

Electricity - imports:

470.7 million kWh (2005)

Oil - production:

3.784 million bbl/day (2005 est.)

Oil - consumption:

2.078 million bbl/day (2005 est.)

Oil - exports:

2.268 million bbl/day (2004)

Oil - imports:

308,500 bbl/day (2004)

Oil - proved reserves:

14.7 billion bbl (2007 est.)

Natural gas - production:

41.37 billion cu m (2005 est.)

Natural gas - consumption:

47.5 billion cu m (2005 est.)

Natural gas - exports:

282.9 million cu m (2005 est.)

Natural gas - imports:

9.717 billion cu m (2005)

Natural gas - proved reserves:

434.1 billion cu m (1 January 2006 est.)

Current account balance:

-$7.37 billion (2007 est.)

Exports:

$271.9 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)

Exports - commodities:

manufactured goods, oil and oil products, silver, fruits, vegetables, coffee, cotton

Exports - partners:

US 84.7%, Canada 2.1%, Spain 1.3% (2006)

Imports:

$283 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.)

Imports - commodities:

metalworking machines, steel mill products, agricultural machinery, electrical equipment, car parts for assembly, repair parts for motor vehicles, aircraft, and aircraft parts

Imports - partners:

US 50.9%, China 9.5%, Japan 6%, South Korea 4.2% (2006)

Economic aid - recipient:

$189.4 million (2005)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

$87.19 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

Debt - external:

$179.7 billion (31 December 2007)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:

$259.5 billion (2007 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:

$36.23 billion (2007 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares:

$348.3 billion (2006)

Currency (code):

Mexican peso (MXN)

Currency code:

MXN

Exchange rates:

Mexican pesos per US dollar - 10.8 (2007), 10.899 (2006), 10.898 (2005), 11.286 (2004), 10.789 (2003)

Fiscal year:

calendar year

Communications Mexico

Telephones - main lines in use:

19.861 million (2006)

Telephones - mobile cellular:

57.016 million (2006)

Telephone system:

general assessment: adequate telephone service for business and government, but the population is poorly served; mobile subscribers far outnumber fixed-line subscribers; domestic satellite system with 120 earth stations; extensive microwave radio relay network; considerable use of fiber-optic cable and coaxial cable

domestic: low telephone density with about 18 fixed lines per 100 persons; privatized in December 1990; despite the opening to competition in January 1997, Telmex remains dominant; legal challenges to Telmex's alleged anti-competitive behavior in the mobile and fixed-line markets culminated in a World Trade Organization ruling in 2004 against Mexico prompting some strengthening of the powers granted Mexico's telecom regulator

international: country code - 52; Columbus-2 fiber-optic submarine cable with access to the US, Virgin Islands, Canary Islands, Spain, and Italy; the Americas Region Caribbean Ring System (ARCOS-1) and the MAYA-1 submarine cable system together provide access to Central America, parts of South America and the Caribbean, and the US; satellite earth stations - 120 (32 Intelsat, 2 Solidaridad (giving Mexico improved access to South America, Central America, and much of the US as well as enhancing domestic communications), 1 Panamsat, numerous Inmarsat mobile earth stations); linked to Central American Microwave System of trunk connections (2005)

Radio broadcast stations:

AM 850, FM 545, shortwave 15 (2003)

Radios:

31 million (1997)

Television broadcast stations:

236 (plus repeaters) (1997)

Televisions:

25.6 million (1997)

Internet country code:

.mx

Internet hosts:

7.629 million (2007)

Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

51 (2000)

Internet users:

22 million (2006)

Transportation Mexico

Airports:

1,834 (2007)

Airports - with paved runways:

total: 231

over 3,047 m: 12

2,438 to 3,047 m: 29

1,524 to 2,437 m: 84

914 to 1,523 m: 77

under 914 m: 29 (2007)

Airports - with unpaved runways:

total: 1,603

over 3,047 m: 1

1,524 to 2,437 m: 63

914 to 1,523 m: 408

under 914 m: 1,131 (2007)

Heliports:

1 (2007)

Pipelines:

gas 22,705 km; liquid petroleum gas 1,875 km; oil 8,688 km; oil/gas/water 228 km; refined products 6,520 km (2006)

Railways:

total: 17,665 km

standard gauge: 17,665 km 1.435-m gauge (2006)

Roadways:

total: 356,945 km

paved: 123,503 km (includes 6,144 km of expressways)

unpaved: 233,442 km (2005)

Waterways:

2,900 km (navigable rivers and coastal canals) (2007)

Merchant marine:

total: 60 ships (1000 GRT or over) 802,128 GRT/1,157,971 DWT

by type: bulk carrier 2, cargo 7, chemical tanker 6, liquefied gas 4, passenger/cargo 11, petroleum tanker 25, roll on/roll off 5

foreign-owned: 4 (Denmark 2, Norway 1, UAE 1)

registered in other countries: 14 (Brazil 1, Honduras 1, Liberia 1, Panama 4, Portugal 1, Spain 3, Venezuela 3) (2007)

Ports and terminals:

Altamira, Coatzacoalcos, Manzanillo, Morro Redondo, Salina Cruz, Tampico, Veracruz

Military Mexico

Military branches:

Secretariat of National Defense (Secretaria de Defensa Nacional, Sedena): Army (Ejercito, includes Mexican Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Mexicana, FAM)); Secretariat of the Navy (Secretaria de Marina, Semar): Mexican Navy (Armada de Mexico, ARM, includes Naval Air Force (FAN) and naval infantry) (2008)

Military service age and obligation:

18 years of age for compulsory military service, conscript service obligation - 12 months; 16 years of age with consent for voluntary enlistment; conscripts serve only in the Army; Navy and Air Force service is all voluntary; women are eligible for voluntary military service (2007)

Manpower available for military service:

males age 16-49: 27,774,688

females age 16-49: 29,376,791 (2008 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:

males age 16-49: 22,188,284

females age 16-49: 24,884,614 (2008 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

males age 16-49: 1,110,544

females age 16-49: 1,073,223 (2008 est.)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

0.5% (2006 est.)

Transnational Issues Mexico

Disputes - international:

abundant rainfall in recent years along much of the Mexico-US border region has ameliorated periodically strained water-sharing arrangements; the US has intensified security measures to monitor and control legal and illegal personnel, transport, and commodities across its border with Mexico; Mexico must deal with thousands of impoverished Guatemalans and other Central Americans who cross the porous border looking for work in Mexico and the United States

Refugees and internally displaced persons:

IDPs: 5,500-10,000 (government's quashing of Zapatista uprising in 1994 in eastern Chiapas Region) (2007)

Illicit drugs:

major drug-producing nation; cultivation of opium poppy in 2005 amounted to 3,300 hectares yielding a potential production of 8 metric tons of pure heroin, or 17 metric tons of "black tar" heroin, the dominant form of Mexican heroin in the western United States; marijuana cultivation decreased 3% to 5,600 hectares in 2005 - just two years after a decade-high cultivation peak in 2003 - and yielded a potential production of 10,100 metric tons; government conducts the largest independent illicit-crop eradication program in the world; continues as the primary transshipment country for US-bound cocaine from South America, with an estimated 90% of annual cocaine movements towards the US stopping in Mexico; major drug syndicates control majority of drug trafficking throughout the country; producer and distributor of ecstasy; significant money-laundering center; major supplier of heroin and largest foreign supplier of marijuana and methamphetamine to the US market

This page was last updated on 15 July, 2008

The World Factbook

Micronesia, Federated States of

Introduction Micronesia, Federated States of

Background:

In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US, which was amended and renewed in 2004. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.

Geography Micronesia, Federated States of

Location:

Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia

Geographic coordinates:

6 55 N, 158 15 E

Map references:

Oceania

Area:

total: 702 sq km

land: 702 sq km

water: 0 sq km (fresh water only)

note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie)

Area - comparative:

four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)

Land boundaries:

0 km

Coastline:

6,112 km

Maritime claims:

territorial sea: 12 nm

exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Climate:

tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage

Terrain:

islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk

Elevation extremes:

lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m

Natural resources:

forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals, phosphate

Land use:

arable land: 5.71%

permanent crops: 45.71%

other: 48.58% (2005)

Irrigated land:

NA

Natural hazards:

typhoons (June to December)

Environment - current issues:

overfishing, climate change, pollution

Environment - international agreements:

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geography - note:

four major island groups totaling 607 islands

People Micronesia, Federated States of

Population:

107,665 (July 2008 est.)

Age structure:

0-14 years: 35.3% (male 19,344/female 18,687)

15-64 years: 61.8% (male 33,142/female 33,389)

65 years and over: 2.9% (male 1,320/female 1,783) (2008 est.)

Median age:

total: 21.6 years

male: 21.1 years

female: 22.1 years (2008 est.)

Population growth rate:

-0.191% (2008 est.)

Birth rate:

23.66 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)

Death rate:

4.53 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)

Net migration rate:

-21.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2008 est.)

Sex ratio:

NA

Infant mortality rate:

total: 27.03 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 29.8 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 24.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:

total population: 70.65 years

male: 68.79 years

female: 72.61 years (2008 est.)

Total fertility rate:

2.98 children born/woman (2008 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

NA

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

NA

HIV/AIDS - deaths:

NA

Nationality:

noun: Micronesian(s)

adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese

Ethnic groups:

Chuukese 48.8%, Pohnpeian 24.2%, Kosraean 6.2%, Yapese 5.2%, Yap outer islands 4.5%, Asian 1.8%, Polynesian 1.5%, other 6.4%, unknown 1.4% (2000 census)

Religions:

Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%, other 3%

Languages:

English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi

Literacy:

definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 89%

male: 91%

female: 88% (1980 est.)

Government Micronesia, Federated States of

Country name:

conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia

conventional short form: none

local long form: Federated States of Micronesia

local short form: none

former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts

abbreviation: FSM

Government type:

constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force 3 November 1986 and the Amended Compact entered into force May 2004

Capital:

name: Palikir

geographic coordinates: 6 55 N, 158 09 E

time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Administrative divisions:

4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap

Independence:

3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)

National holiday: