26 See Raymond I. Page,‘How Long did the Scandinavian Language Survive in England: The Epigraphical Evidence’ in Runes and Runic Inscriptions, pp. 181–197.
27 See Michael P. Barnes,‘Scandinavian Languages in the Viking Age’ in Stefan Brink（ed.）, The Viking World, pp. 274–281.
28 Michael P. Barnes, The Norn Language of Orkney and Shetland （herwick 1998）, p. 3.
