Cooper, Janet（ed.）, The Battle of Maldon: Fiction and Fact （London 1993）
Coupland, Simon,‘The Rod of God’s Wrath and the People of God’s Wrath: The Carolingian Theology of the Viking Invasions’ in Journal of Ecclesiastical History, Vol. 42（1991）, pp. 535–554
Coupland, Simon,‘The Vikings in Francia and Anglo-Saxon England’ in The New Cambridge Medieval History, vol. ii,（edited by Rosamond McKitterick, Cambridge 1995）, pp. 190–301
Coupland, Simon,‘From poachers to gamekeepers: Scandinavian warlords and Carolingian kings’ in Early Medieval Europe, vol. 7, no. 1（1998）, pp. 85–114
Coupland, Simon,‘Trading Places: Quentovic and Dorestad Reassessed’ in Early Medieval Europe, vol. 11（2003）, pp. 209–232
Coupland, Simon, Carolingian Coinage and the Vikings: Studies on Power and Trade in the 9th century （Aldershot 2007）
Cox, Steven L.,‘Palaeo-Eskimo Occupations of the North Labrador Coast’ in Arctic Anthropology, vol. 15, no. 2（1978）
Crawford, Barbara E.（ed.）, Scandinavian Scotland （Leicester 1987）
Crawford, Barbara E.（ed.）, St Magnus Cathedral and Orkney’s Twelfth-Century Renaissance （Aberdeen 1988）
Crawford, Barbara, Scandinavian Settlement in Northern Britain （Leicester 1995）
Crouch, David, The Normans （London 2002）
Crumlin-Pedersen, Ole,‘Viking shipbuilding and seamanship’ in Proceedings of the Eighth Viking Congress （edited by Bekker-Nielsen et al., Odense 1981）, pp. 271–285
Crumlin-Pedersen, Ole（ed.）, Aspects of Maritime Scandinavia, AD 200–1200 （Roskilde 1991）
Cunliffe, Barry, The Extraordinary Voyage of Pytheas the Greek （London 2001）
Curta, Florian（ed.）, East Central & Eastern Europe in the Early Middle Ages （Ann Arbor 2005）
Davies, W.（ed.）, From the Vikings to the Normans （Oxford 2003）
de Boe, Guy & Verhaege, Frans（eds）, Exchange and Trade in Medieval Europe, Papers of the‘Medieval Europe Brugge 1997’ Conference, vol. 4（Zellik 1997）
de Paor, Liam,‘The Viking Towns of Ireland’ in Proceedings of the Seventh Viking Congress （edited by Almqvist & Greene, Dublin 1976）, pp. 29–38
DeVries, Kelly, The Norwegian Invasion of England in 1066 （Woodbridge 1999）
di Robilant, Andrea, Venetian navigators: The voyages of the Zen brothers to the Far North （London 2011
Dixon, C.E.V. & Saylor Rodgers, Barbara, In Praise of Later Roman Emperors （Berkeley 1994）
Dolukahnov, Pavel, The Early Slavs: Eastern Europe from the Initial Settlement to the Kievan Rus （London 1996）
Douglas, D.C.,‘Rollo of Normandy’ in The English Historical Review, vol. 57, no. 228（October 1942）, pp. 417–436
Downham, Clare, Viking Kings of Britain and Ireland, The Dynasty of Ivarr to AD 1014 （Edinburgh 2007）
Dubois, Thomas A., Nordic Religions in the Viking Age （Philadelphia 1999）
Duczko, Wladyslaw, Viking Rus – Studies on the Presence of Scandinavians in Eastern Europe （Brill 2004）
Duffy, S.（ed）, Medieval Dublin VI （Dublin 2005）
Dumville, David M., Wessex and England from Alfred to Edgar: Six essays on political, cultural and ecclesiastical revival （Woodbridge 1992）
Dumville, David,‘Old Dubliners and New Dubliners in Ireland and Britain, a Viking-Age story’ in Duffy, S.（ed.）, Medieval Dublin VI （2005）, pp. 78–93
Edwards, Nancy, The Archaeology of Early Medieval Ireland （London 1990）
Einarsson, Bjarni F., The Settlement of Iceland: A Critical Approach, Granastaðr and the Ecological Heritage （Reykjavik 1995）
Eldjárn, Kristján, Proceedings of the Third Viking Congress, Reykjavík 1956 （Reykjavík 1958）
Ellis Davidson, H.R.,‘The Later History of the Varangian Guard’ in Journal of Roman Studies, 37（1947）pp. 36–46
Ellis Davidson, H.R., Pagan Scandinavia （London 1967）
Ellis Davidson, H.R., The Viking Road to Byzantium （London 1976）
Enterline, James Robert, Erikson, Eskimos & Columbus, Medieval European Knowledge of America （Baltimore 2002）
Farrell, R.T., Beowulf, Swedes and Geats （Viking Society for Northern Research, London 1972）
Farrell, R.T.（ed.）, The Vikings （Chichester 1982）
Faulkes, A. & Perkins, R.（eds）, Viking Revaluations（Viking Society for Northern Research, London 1993）
Faulkner, Peter, Against the Age: An Introduction to William Morris （London 1980）
Fell, Christine, Foote, Peter, Graham-Campbell, James & Thomson, Robert（eds）, The Viking Age in the Isle of Man – Select Papers from the Ninth Viking Congress, Isle of Man, 4–14 July 1981 （London 1983）
Fellowes-Jensen, Gillian,‘The Vikings and their Victims: The Verdict of the Names’ in Dorothea Coke Memorial Lecture in Northern Studies, delivered at University College, London, 21 February 1994 （Viking Society for Northern Research, London 1995）
Ferguson, Robert, The Hammer and the Cross, A New History of the Vikings（London 2009）
Finley, M.I., A History of Sicily, volume 2: Medieval Sicily 800–1713 （London 1968）
Fitzhugh, William W. & Ward, Elizabeth I., Vikings: The North Atlantic Saga （Washington 2000）
Fletcher, Richard, Moorish Spain （London 1992）
Foot, Sara,‘Violence against Christians?’ The Vikings and the Church in ninth-century England’ in Medieval History, vol. 1（1991）, p. 12
Foote, P.G., On the Saga of the Faroe Islanders （London 1965）
Foote, Peter & Ströbäk, Dag（eds）, Proceedings of the Sixth Viking Congress, Uppsala 3–10 August 1969 （Uppsala 1971）
Foote, Peter & Wilson, D.M, The Viking Achievement （London 1980）
Forte, Angelo, Oram, Richard & Pedersen, Frederik, Viking Empires （Cambridge 2005）
Frank, Roberta,‘The Blood Eagle Again’ in Saga-Book of the Viking Society, Vol. XXII（1986–9）, pp. 287–318
Franklin, Simon & Shepard, Jonathan, The Emergence of Rus 750–1200 （London 1996）
Frye, R.N.,‘The Samanids’ in The Cambridge History of Iran, vol. 4（edited by R.N. Frye, Cambridge 1975）
Gad, Finn, The History of Greenland, volume 1: Earliest Times to 1700 （London 1970）; volume 2: 1700–1782 （London 1973）
Garipzanov, Ildar H., Geary, Patrick J. & Urbanczyk, Przemyslaw（eds）, Franks, Northmen and Slavs: Identities and State Formation in early Medieval Europe （Turnhout 2008）
Gaskoin, C.J.B., Alcuin, His Life and Work （New York 1966）
Gibbon, Edward, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire （edited by J.B. Bury, London 1912）
Gibson, Margaret & Nelson, Janet L., Charles the Bald, Court and Kingdom （2nd edition, London 1990）
Godfrey, William S. Jr,‘The Archaeology of the Old Stone Mill in Newport, Rhode Island’ in American Antiquity, vol. XVII（1951–2）, pp. 120–9
Graham Campbell, James, Viking Artefacts （London 1980）
Graham-Campbell, James,‘Some archaeological reflections on the Cuerdale hard’ in Coinage in Ninth-Century Northumbria, The Tenth Oxford Symposium on Coinage and Monetary History （edited by D.M. Metcalf, BAR British Series 180 1987）
Graham-Campbell, James & Batey, Colleen E., Vikings in Scotland: An archaeo-logical survey （Edinburgh 1998）
Graham-Campbell, James, Hall, Richard, Jesch, Judith & Parsons, David N.（eds）, Vikings and the Danelaw – Select Papers from the Proceedings of the Thirteenth Viking Congress, Nottingham and York, 21–30 August 1997 （Oxford 2001）
Gravett, C., Hastings 1066, the fall of Saxon England （London 1992）
Greenfield, Jeanette, The Return of Cultural Treasures （Cambridge 1996）
Griffith, Paddy, The Viking Art of War （London 1995）
Gullø, H.C.,‘Natives and Norse in Greenland’ in Fitzhugh and Ward（eds）, Vikings: The North Atlantic Saga （Washington 2000）
Hadley, D.M., The Northern Danelaw. Its Social Structure c.800–1100 （London 2000）
Haflidison, Haflidi et al.,‘The tephrochronology of Iceland and the North Atlantic region during the Middle and Late Quaternary: a review’ in Journal of Quaternary Science, 15（1）（2000）, pp. 3–22
Hallbert, Peter（translated by Paul Schach）, The Icelandic Saga （Lincoln, Nebraska 1962）
Hardin, Stephen, Viking Mersey: Scandinavian Wirral, West Lancashire and Chester （Birkenhead 2002）
Harper-Bill, Christopher & van Houts, Elisabeth, A Companion to the Anglo- Norman World （Woodbridge 2003）
Hart, Cyril, The Danelaw （London 1992）
Harvey-Wood, Harriet, The Battle of Hastings （London 2008）
Haywood, John, Dark Age Naval Power （Hockwold-cum-Wilton 1999）
Haywood, John, Encyclopaedia of the Viking Age （London 2000）
Hedeager, Lotte（translated by John Hine）, Iron Age Societies: From Tribe to State in Northern Europe, 500 BC to AD 700 （Oxford 1992）
Helgason, A. et al.,‘A Reassessment of Genetic Diversity in Icelanders: Strong Evidence from Multiple Loci for Relative Homogeneity Caused by Genetic Drift’ in Annals of Human Genetics, vol. 67, part 4（July 2003）
Heller, Knut（ed.）, Cambridge History of Scandinavia, volume 1: Prehistory to 1520 （Cambridge 2003）
Hertz, Johannes,‘The History and Mystery of the Old Stone Mill’ in Journal of the Newport Historical Society, vol. 68, part 2（1997）
Higham, N.J., The Death of Anglo-Saxon England （Stroud 1997）
Hilen, Andrew（ed.）, The Letters of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow （Cambridge, Mass. 1966）
Hill, David（ed.）, Ethelred the Unready: Papers from the Millenary Conference, BAR British Series 59,（Oxford 1978）
Hill, D. & Rumble, A.R.（eds）, The Defence of Wessex: The Burghal Hidage and Anglo-Saxon fortifications （Manchester 1996）
Hodges, Richard A., Dark Age Economics: The origins of town and trade, AD 600–1000 （London 1982）
Hodges, Richard A., Goodbye to the Vikings? Re-Reading Early Medieval Archaeology （London 2006）
Hodges, Richard & Hobley, Brian, The rebirth of towns in the west, AD 700–1050, Council for British Archaeology Research Report 68（Oxford 1988）
Holck, Per,‘The Oseberg Ship Burial, Norway: New Thoughts On the Skeletons From the Grave Mound’ in European Journal of Archaeology, vol. 9, nos 2–3（August 2006）, pp. 285–310
Hollander, Lee M., The Skalds （Princeton 1945）
Hoppin, Richard H., Medieval Music （New York 1978）
Horspool, David, Why Alfred Burned the Cakes: A King and his Eleven-Hundred Year Afterlife （London 2006）
Howard, Ian, Swein Forkbeard’s Invasions and the Danish Conquest of England 991–1017 （Woodbridge 2003）
Howarth, David , 1066, the Year of the Conquest （London 1977）
Hudson, Benjamin, Viking Pirates and Christian Princes: Dynasty, Religion and Empire in the North Atlantic （Oxford 2005）
Humble, Richard, The Saxon Kings （London 1980）
Ingstad, Anne-Stine, The Norse Discovery of America （Oslo 1985）
Jackson, Anthony, The Faroes: The Faraway Islands （London 1991）
Jensen, Jøgen, Prehistory of Denmark （London 1982）
Jesch, Judith（ed.）, The Scandinavians from the Vendel Period to the Tenth Century （Woodbridge 2002）
Jóhannesson, Jóhannes,‘Studies in the vegetational history of the Faroe and Shetland Islands’ in Annales Societatis Scientiarum Faroensis, supplementum 11（Tórshavn 1985）
Jóhannesson, Jón（translated by Haraldur Bessason）, A History of the Old Icelandic Commonwealth: Islendinga Saga （Winnipeg 1974）
Jones, Charles, Fulford, the Forgotten Battle of 1066 （Stroud 2007）
Jones, Gwyn, A History of the Vikings （revised edition, Oxford 1984）
Kennedy, Hugh, Muslim Spain and Portugal （London 1996）
Knirk, James E.（ed.）, Proceedings of the Tenth Viking Congress, Larkollen, Norway, 1985 （Oslo 1987）
Knol, Egge,‘Frisia in Carolingian Times’ in Viking Trade and Settlement in Continental Europe （edited by Iben Skibsted Klaesø, Copenhagen 2010）, pp. 43–60
Krogh, K.J., Viking Greenland （Copenhagen 1967）
Lamb H.H.,‘The Early Medieval Warm Epoch and its Sequel’ in Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol. 1（1965）, pp. 13–37
Lamm, J.P. & Nordströ, H.-Å（eds）, Vendel Period Studies – Transactions of the Boat-grave symposium in Stockholm, February 2–3 1981, Museum of National Antiquities, Stockholm Studies 2（Stockholm 1983）
Lamm, Jan Peder & Nylen, Erik, Stones, Ships and Symbols: The Picture Stones of Gotland from the Viking Age and Before （Visby 1978）
Larsen, Anne-Christine（ed.）, The Vikings in Ireland （Roskilde 2001）
Lawson, M. K.,‘The Collection of Danegeld and Heregeld in the Reigns of Aethelred II and Cnut’ in English Historical Review, vol. 99, no. 393（October 1984）, pp. 721–738
Lawson, M.K., Cnut: The Danes in England in the Early Eleventh Century （London 1993）
Lawson, M.K., The Battle of Hastings （Stroud 2003）
Lee, Thomas E.,‘The Norse Presence in Arctic Ungava’ in The American- Scandinavian Review, vol. 61（3）（Autumn 1973）, pp. 242–257
Lehn, Waldemar H.,‘Skerrylike mirages and the Discovery of Greenland’ in Applied Optics 39, no. 21（2000）, pp. 3612–3629
Leman, Edward, The Norse Discoveries and Exploration of America （Berkeley 1949）
Lennard, Reginald,‘The Economic Position of the Domesday Sokemen’ in The Economic Journal, vol. 56, no. 226（June 1947）, pp. 179–195
Le Patourel, John, The Norman Empire （Oxford 1997）
Lewis, Michael J., The Real World of the Bayeux Tapestry （Stroud 2008）
Lewis-Simpson, S.（ed.）, Vinland Revisited. The Norse World at the Turn of the First Millennium. Selected Papers from the Viking Millennium International Symposium 15–24 September 2000, Newfoundland and Labrador （St John’s, Newfoundland 2003）
Lichacev, D.S.,‘The legend of the calling in of the Varangians’ in Varangian problems; report on the first international symposium on the theme of The eastern connections of the Nordic peoples in the Viking period and early middle ages, Moesgaard, University of Aarhus, 7th–11th October 1968 （Copenhagen 1990）, pp. 170–186
Liestø, Aslak,‘The Maeshowe Runes: Some New Interpretations’ in Proceedings of the Fifth Viking Congress （edited by Niclasen, Tórshavn 1968）,（pp. 55–61）
Lindholm, Dan, Stave Churches in Norway （translated by Stella & Adam Bittleston, London 1969）
Lindquist, Sven-Olof（ed.）, Society and trade in the Baltic during the Viking Age （Papers of the VIIth Visby Symposium held at Gotlands Fornsal, Gotland’s Historical Museum, Visby, August 15–19th, 1983）（Visby 1985）
Line, Philip, Kingship and State Formation in Sweden 1130–1290 （Leiden 2007）
Livingston, Michael（ed.）, The Battle of Brunanburh – A Casebook （Exeter 2011）
Logan, F. Donald, The Vikings in History （London 2005）
Loyn, Henry R., Anglo-Saxon England and the Norman Conquest （London 1962）
Loyn, Henry R., The Vikings in Wales, Dorothea Coke Memorial Lecture in Northern Studies, delivered at University College London, 2 March 1976 （Viking Society for Northern Research, London 1976）
Loyn, Henry R. & Percival, John, The Reign of Charlemagne: Documents on Carolinian Government and Administration （London 1975）
Lund, Niels（ed.）, Two Voyagers at the Court of King Alfred （York 1984）
Lynnerup, N., The Greenland Norse. A biological-anthropological study （Copenhagen 1998）
McCleod, Shane, The Beginning of Scandinavian Settlement in England: The Viking Great Army and Early Settlers, c. 865–900 （Turnhut 2013）
McCormick, Michael, Origins of the European Economy, Communications & Commerce AD 300–900 （Cambridge 2001）
