12. Ibid.
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. Charles Duhigg and Keith Bradsher, “How the U.S. Lost Out on iPhone Work,” New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/22/business/apple-america-and-a-squeezed-middle-class.html, January 21, 2012.
16. Bryan Gardiner, “Glass works: How Corning Created the Ultrathin, Ultrastrong Material of the Future,” Wired.com, http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2012/09/ff-corning-gorilla-glass/all/, September 24, 2012.
17. Isaacson, Steve Jobs, Kindle edition.
18. Fred Vogelstein, “The Untold Story: How the iPhone Blew Up the Wireless Industry,” Wired.com, http://www.wired.com/gadgets/wireless/magazine/16-02/ff_iphone, January 1, 2008.
19. Katherine Rushton, “Apple Design Chief Sir Jonathan Ive: iPhone was ‘Nearly Axed,’” http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/apple/9440639/Apple-design-chief-Sir-Jonathan-Ive-iPhone-was-nearly-axed.html, July 31, 2012.
20. Vogelstein, “The Untold Story.”
21Apple v. Samsungtrial, testimony of Christopher Stringer.
22. Janko Roettgers, “Alan Kay: With the Tablet, Apple Will Rule the World,” Gigaom.com, http://gigaom.com/2010/01/26/alan-kay-with-the-tablet-apple-will-rule-the-world/.
CHAPTER 11
The iPad
1. Walter Isaacson, Steve Jobs(Simon & Schuster, 2011), Kindle edition.
2. Brian Heater, “Steve Jobs Shows No Love for Netbooks,” http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2358514,00.asp, January 28, 2010.
3. Isaacson, Steve Jobs, Kindle edition.
4. Ibid.
5Apple v. Samsungtrial, testimony of Christopher Stringer.
6. Charles Arthur, “Netbooks Plummet While Tablets and Smartphones Soar, says Canalys,” The Guardian, http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/blog/2012/feb/03/netbooks-pc-canalys-tablet, February 3, 2012.
7. Apple Press info, “Mark Papermaster Joins Apple as Senior Vice President of Devices Hardware Engineering,” http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2008/11/04Mark-Papermaster-Joins-Apple-as-Senior-Vice-President-of-Devices-Hardware-Engineering.html, November 4, 2008.
8. Fadell declined to comment.
9. Jonathan Ive in Apple iPad 2 official video 2011, video, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fjlvmbJEUmk, March 2011.
10. Ibid.
11. David Pogue, “This Year, Gift Ideas in Triplicate,” New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/01/technology/personaltech/presenting-the-nook-hd-ipad-mini-and-windows-phone-8-review.html, October 30, 2012.
12. Gartner Inc., “Gartner Says Worldwide PC, Tablet and Mobile Phone Shipments to Grow 5.9 Percent in 2013 as Anytime-Anywhere Computing Drives Buyer Behavior,” http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2525515, June 24, 2013.
CHAPTER 12
Unibody Everywhere
1. Apple special event video, Oct 14: Apple Notebook Event 2008, New Way to Build 2-/6, 2008, video, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7JLjldgjuKI.
2. Ibid.
3. Interview with Doug Satzger, January 2013.
4. Apple special event video, Oct 14.
5. Interview with Chris Lefteri, October 2012.
6. Interview with a former Apple engineer, June 2013.
7. Personal interview, June 2013.
8. Interview with Dennis Boyle, October 2012.
9. Interview with a former Apple engineer, June 2013.
10. Horace Dediu, “How Much Do Apple’s Factories Cost?” http://www.asymco.com/2011/10/16/how-much-do-apples-factories-cost/ October 16, 2011.
11. Greenpeace, “Guide to Greener Electronics 18,” http://www.greenpeace.org/new-zealand/en/Guide-to-Greener-Electronics/18th-Edition/APPLE/, November 2012.
12. Interview with Kyle Wiens, June 2013.
13. Interview with Doug Satzger, January 2013.
CHAPTER 13
Apple’s MVP
1. Walter Isaacson, Steve Jobs(Simon & Schuster, 2011), Kindle edition.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Jemima Kiss, “Apple’s Worst Nightmare: Is Jonathan Ive to Leave?” http://www.theguardian.com/technology/pda/2011/feb/28/apple-jonathan-ive, February 28, 2011.
5. Maurice Chittenden and Sean O’Driscoll, “I Created the iPad and iClaim my £18m,” http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/news/uk_news/Tech/article563855.ece, February 27, 2011.
6. Martha Mendoza, “Apple Designer as Approachable as His iMac,” Associated Press, April 8 1999.
7. Shane Richmond, “Jonathan Ive interview: Apple’s Design Genius is British to the Core,” Telegraph, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/apple/9283486/Jonathan-Ive-interview-Apples-design-genius-is-British-to-the-core.html, May 23, 2012.
8. Ibid.
9. Interview with Phil Gray, January 2013.
10. Apple WWDC 2010—iPhone 4 Introduction, 2010, video, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z__jxoczNWc.
11. Apple Press info, “Apple Announces Changes to Increase Collaboration Across Hardware, Software & Services,” http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2012/10/29Apple-Announces-Changes-to-Increase-Collaboration-Across-Hardware-Software-Services.html, October 29, 2012.
12. Mark Gurman, “Tim Cook Emails Employees, Thanks Scott Forstall, Says Bob Mansfield to Stay On for Two Years,” http://9to5mac.com/2012/10/29/tim-cook-emails-employees-thanks-scott-forstall-says-bob-mansfield-to-stay-on-for-two-years/, October 29, 2012.
13. Nick Wingfield and Nick Bilton, “Apple Shake-Up Could Lead to Design Shift,” New York Times,http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/01/technology/apple-shake-up-could-mean-end-to-real-world-images-in-software.html, October 31, 2012.
14. Shane Richmond, “Jonathan Ive Interview: Simplicity Isn’t Simple,” Telegraph, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/apple/9283706/Jonathan-Ive-interview-simplicity-isnt-simple.html, May 23, 2012.
15. Apple 2013 Worldwide Developers Conference, keynote video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzUH9PJA1Ro, June 10, 2013.
16. Interview with Sally Grisedale, February 2013.
17. Interview with Larry Barbera, June 2013.
18. Alex Schleifer, “The Age of the User Interface,” http://saydaily.com/2013/02/design-really-is-everything-now.html, February 15, 2013.
19. Josh Tyrangiel, “Tim Cook’s Freshman Year: The Apple CEO Speaks,”Bloomberg Businessweek, http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-12-06/tim-cooks-freshman-year-the-apple-ceo-speaks, December 6, 2012.
20. Isaacson, Steve Jobs, Kindle edition.
21. Ibid.
22. Richmond, “Jonathan Ive Interview: Simplicity Isn’t Simple.”
23. Katherine Rushton, “Apple Design Chief: ‘Our Goal Isn’t to Make Money,’” Telegraph, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/apple/9438662/Apple-design-chief-Our-goal-isnt-to-make-money.html, July 30, 2012.
24. Katherine Rushton, “Apple Design Chief Sir Jonathan Ive: iPhone Was ‘Nearly Axed,’” Telegraph, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/mediatechnologyandtelecoms/9440639/Apple-design-chief-Sir-Jonathan-Ive-iPhone-was-nearly-axed.html, July 31, 2012.
25. Interview with Clive Grinyer, January 2013.
26. Ibid.
27. Jonathan Ive, speaking in Objectified documentary, 2009.
28. London Design Museum, interview with Jonathan Ive, http://designmuseum.org/design/jonathan-ive, last modified 2007.
29. Mark Prigg, “Sir Jonathan Ive: Knighted for Services to Ideas and Innovation,” The Independent, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/sir-jonathan-ive-knighted-for-services-to-ideas-and-innovation-7563373.html, March 13, 2012.
30. Interview with Andrew Hargadon, October 2012.
31. Interview with Alex Milton, October 2012.
INDEX
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. The link provided will take you to the beginning of that print page. You may need to scroll forward from that location to find the corresponding reference on your e-reader.
Adobe Director, 179–80
Airport, 149
Alias Wavefront (Autodesk Alias), 118–19, 121
Alpha Top Corporation, 202
aluminum, 204–8
iPad and, 236–37iPod Mini and, 195, 204Power Mac G5 Tower and, 206–8
Amazon, 95
Amelio, Gil, 96, 99, 101, 103, 104
Ammunition, 95
Anderson, Fred, 101
Andre, Bartley K., 70, 71, 214
Andresen, Marj, 117–18, 120, 121–22, 126–27, 128, 150
Andrews, Melanie, 28
ANPP (Apple New Product Process), 141–43
AOL, 114
Apple, 28–29, 33, 62–270. See alsospecific products
“A” team selected by Jobs, 110–13Brunner era at, 51–63, 67–95China, manufacturing in, 201, 204, 206–10Cook succeeds Jobs at, 253–54declining market share and revenues, 95–96early days at, 62–100engineering groups’ role at, 73, 149–50enterprise resource-planning system (ERP), 203environmental profile of, 248–50Espresso aesthetic adopted by, 83–84iBooks, 145–49, 153–55, 202IDg studio (SeeIDg studio, Apple)iMac G4 design and development, 140–41, 187–92iMacs, 80, 115–41, 202, 247iPads, 70, 94, 151, 158, 232–39, 258–59, 268iPhones, 70, 80, 94, 154, 214–31, 255–56, 259, 268iPods, 80, 172–86, 199Ive as creative head at, 259–70Ive replaces Brunner as head of design at, 95Jobs first tenure (1976–1985) at, 105–10Jobs returns to, 101–2manufacturing and distribution, streamlining of, 201–4new product process (ANPP) at, 141–43outsourcing of manufacturing by, 79parallel design investigations process at, 53, 73–74post-Jobs product releases, 259–60Power Macs, 143–45product development by consensus at, mid to late 1990s, 96–100product development cycles at, 72–73Project Juggernaut and, 51, 53–60, 73Project Pomona and, 84–93recruits Brunner, 66–67restructuring of, and product line simplification under Jobs, 102–5search for design talent to replace Esslinger/Frog Design, 64–66Snow White design language, 63, 83, 110stock price of, 256, 259Titanium PowerBook G4, 150–532x2 product plan, 103–4, 114, 143, 145, 150unibody manufacturing process and, 238, 240–48, 268–69
AppleDesign(Kunkel), 46, 69, 94
Apple IIc, 110
“Apple’s Worst Nightmare” (Guardian),252
Apple v. Samsung,71, 81, 168, 223
Ars Technica web site, 156, 157
Askeland, Roy, 120
Associated Press, 134
Aston Martin, 192, 193
AT&T, 230
Autodesk Alias, 118–19
Bajarin, Tim, 111, 131
Baksi, Gautam, 169, 171, 245, 247
Ballmer, Steve, 231
Bandai, 122
Barbera, Larry, 70, 263
Barnes & Noble, 95
Barthes, Roland, 186
Bastiaens, Gaston, 78
Bauhaus, 17
Beats by Dr. Dre headphones, 95
Beckham, David, 1
Bellini, Mario, 64
bezel, for iMac G4, 189–90
Bloomberg BusinessWeek,263
B&O Mac, 87
Bondi Blue, 123–24
Bono, 186, 254
Bosche, 42
Boston Globe,133
Boyle, Dennis, 246
brainstorming sessions, 166–68
Braun, 17, 44
Bray, Hiawatha, 133
Brian Drumm, 42
Brown, Gordon, 197
Brown, Julian, 42
Brunner, Robert, 30–33, 79, 98, 114, 159, 200
Apple’s recruiting and hiring of, 66–67hires Jony Ive for Apple, 57–61IDg studio established by and accomplishments under, 62–63, 67–95at Lunar Design, 51–61, 65–66management style of, 72–74parallel design investigations of, 53, 73–74post-Apple accomplishments of, 95Project Pomona and, 84–87quits Apple, 92–94recruits Tangerine for Project Juggernaut, 53–57
Brunner, Russ, 31
Bull, Michael, 186
Businessweek,111
CAD modeling process, 117–22, 161
CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) systems, 121
Canon, 79
capacitive screens, 226
capacitive touch, 156
Casady & Greene, 172
Chalil, Satjiv, 95
Charles II, King, 1
Chaudhri, Imran, 213–14
Chemcor, 227–28
China, Apple’s shift of manufacturing to, 201, 204, 206–10
Chingford Foundation School, 1–2
Ching Yu, 168
Christensen, Terry, 97
Churchill, Winston, 1
clamshell design, of iBooks, 146, 147
CLIÉ, 223
Clinton, Bill, 254
Clow, Lee, 128, 156
clutch mechanism in hinge, for PowerBook, 198
CNC milling machines, 161, 168
Colani, Luigi, 65
color choice
for iMacBondi Blue, 123–24expansion of colors, 138–41for iPod, 182–83, 185
Columbus. SeeiMac
Commtel phone company, 38
Compaq, 105, 148
concurrent engineering, 142–43
Conran, Terence, 9
Cook, Tim, 201–4, 251, 254, 260, 263–64
Corning Incorporated, 227–28
Coster, Daniel J., 71, 123, 130, 210, 214
Costolo, Dick, 258
Cotton, Katie, 254
CRT monitors, Ive’s design for, 79–80
Cue, Eddy, 254
Daily Telegraph,256
Darbyshire, Martin, 37–44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 56, 57, 58, 59
Dediu, Horace, 246
De Iuliis, Danielle, 70, 82, 84, 86, 150, 166, 192
Dell, 105, 157
De Lucchi, Michele, 44
design story, 116
of iMac, 116of iPhone, 220of iPod, 175
design technology (DT), in UK schools, 3–4
detailing, 151–52
The Division, 26
Doonesbury(comic), 77
double-sandwich course structure, at Newcastle Polytechnic, 15–16
Dunn, Jeremy, 7
Dunn, Paul, 118, 119, 120, 121
DuPont, 147
Dynabook, 231
easy access to inside of Macs, 98
Eichler, Joseph, 106
802.11 wireless networking technology, 148–49
Elias, John, 214
Ellison, Larry, 115
eMachines, 135
eMate, 99, 123
Emin, Tracey, 16
engineering department, Apple, 73, 149–50
English, Rick, 69, 73, 74, 78
enterprise resource-planning system (ERP), 203
environmental profile, of Apple, 248–50
Espresso aesthetic, 83–84
Esslinger, Hartmut, 63, 66, 109–10, 112, 114
European Space Agency, 142–43
Extrudo design
for iPad, 234–35for iPhone, 221–22
ExxonMobil, 256
Fadell, Tony
as head of iPod division, 199iPhone and, 216, 217–18, 219iPod and, 174–78leaves Apple, 237–38
Fairs, Marcus, 195–96
Fancy Models Corporation, 168
Federighi, Craig, 261
fiddle factor, 22–23, 76
FingerWorks, 214
floppy drive, lack of on iMac, 125, 133–34
Folio keyboard, 56
Ford, 60
Ford, Henry, 107
Forstall, Scott, 163, 216, 218–20, 259, 260, 261, 262, 265
Fortt, Jon, 134
Fortune,137
Foxconn, 206, 208–10
friction stir welding (FSW), 247
Frog Design, 63, 64, 65–66, 69, 73, 109–10
Fukasawa, Naoto, 46
Furbershaw, Gerard, 31
Fuse Networks, 174
Future Power, 135
Gates, Bill, 136, 254
Gateway, 105
Germanic approach to design education, 17
German Industrie Forum, 42
Gibson, Hal, 134
Giugiaro, Giorgetto, 64–65, 112
Glancey, Jonathan, 196
Goldsmiths, 16–17
Goldstar, 42
Gore, Al, 254
Gorilla Glass, 228
GQ,195
Gray, Eileen, 44
Gray, Philip J., 10–11, 22, 27, 28, 33, 35, 36, 50–51, 78, 257
green initiatives, of Apple, 248–50
Greenpeace International, 248, 249
GRiD Compass, 20–21
Grinyer, Clive, 20–21, 22–23, 26–27, 30, 34, 37–51, 54, 56, 57–58, 59, 266–67
Grisedale, Sally, 82, 142, 262–63
Guardian,197, 252
GVO Inc., 31
Haddon, John, 5
“halo” effect, 154, 183, 190
Halpin, Jim, 134
handles
on iBooks, 146on iMac, 124–25on Power Mac G3, 144
Hargadon, Andrew, 269–70
Harmon Kardon, 258
Harper, Beverley, 74
hearing aid project, 25, 36
