[2654] Wolfe, The Purple Decades, Op. cit., pages 292—293.
[2655] Christopher Lasch, The Culture of Narcissism: American Life in an Age of Dimishing Expectations, New York: W. W. Norton, 1979; Warner paperback edition, 1979.
[2656] Ibid., page 17.
[2657] Ibid., pages 18—19.
[2658] Ibid., page 29.
[2659] Ibid., page 42.
[2660] Ibid., page 259.
[2661] Ibid., pages 315—316.
[2662] Ibid., page 170.
[2663] Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson,1971; Penguin 1991.
[2664] Ibid., page 31.
[2665] Ibid., page 34.
[2666] Ibid., page 62.
[2667] Ibid., page 153.
[2668] Ibid., page 161.
[2669] Ibid., page 174.
[2670] Ibid., page 249.
[2671] Ibid., page 384.
[2672] Ibid., page 387.
[2673] Ibid., pages 391—401.
[2674] Ibid., pages 445 and 505.
[2675] Ibid., pages 763—764.
[2676] Christopher Hill, The World Turned Upside Down, London: Temple Smith, 1972.
[2677] Ibid., chapters 3, 6, 7 and 10.
[2678] Ibid., pages 282 and 290.
[2679] Ibid., chapter 15, pages 247ff.
[2680] Ibid., pages 253—258.
[2681] Owen Chadwick, The Secularisation of the European Mind in the Nineteenth Century,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975.
[2682] Ibid., chapter 5, passim.
[2683] Ibid., pages 209—210.
[2684] Robert A. Hinde, ‘Konrad Lorenz (1903—1989) and Niko Tinbergen (1907—1988),’ in Fuller (editor), Seven Pioneers of Psychology, Op. cit., pages 76—77 and 81—82.
[2685] Niko Tinbergen, The Animal in its World, 2 volumes, London: George Allen & Unwin,1972, especially volume 1, pages 25ff.
[2686] Mary Leakey, Olduvai Gorge: My Search for Early Man, Op. cit.
[2687] Robert Ardrey, African Genesis, London: Collins, 1961, Fontana paperback, 1967.
[2688] Adrian House, The Great Safari: The Lives of George and Joy Adamson, London: Harvill,1993, page xiii.
[2689] Joy Adamson, Born Free, London: Collins Harvill, 1960.
[2690] House, Op. cit., page 227.
[2691] All published by Collins/Harvill in London.
[2691-0] 1980 年，乔伊被刺身亡，凶手是一名自称没有拿到薪水的助手。1989 年，乔治在一次伏击中被索马里的农民偷猎者射杀。
[2692] 由亚当森夫妇撰写的或关于亚当森夫妇的著作中，最出色的是：George Adamson,My Pride and Joy, London: Collins Harvill, 1986，especially Part II, ‘The Company of Lions’。 See also House, Op. cit., pages 392—393.
[2693] Jane Goodall, In the Shadow of Man, London: Collins, 1971, revised edition, Weidenfeld& Nicolson, 1988.
[2694] Ibid., pages 101ff.
[2695] Ibid., page 242.
[2696] Dian Fossey, Gorillas in the Mist, London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1983, page xvi.
[2697] Ibid., pages 10—11.
[2698] Harold Hayes, The Dark Romance of Dian Fossey, London: Chatto & Windus, 1991,page 321.
[2699] George Schaller, The Serengeti Lion, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1972.
[2700] Ibid., pages 24ff.
[2701] Ibid., page 378.
[2702] Iain and Oria Douglas-Hamilton, Among the Elephants, London: Collins & Harvill, 1978,page 38.
[2703] Ibid., pages 212ff.
[2704] Virginia Morrell, Ancestral Passions, Op. cit., page 466.
[2705] Donald C. Johanson and Maitland A. Edey, The Beginnings of Humankind, London:Granada, 1981, pages 18ff. Morrell, Op. cit., page 466.
[2706] Morrell, Op. cit., pages 473—475. Tattersall, Op. cit., page 145.
[2707] Johanson and Edey, Op. cit., pages 255ff.
[2708] Ian Tattersall, The Fossil Trail, Op. cit., page 151.
[2709] Morrell, Op. cit., pages 480 and 487ff.
[2710] Johanson and Edey, Op. cit., pages 294—304.
[2711] 关于南方古猿阿法尔种的讨论，see Donald Johanson and James Shreeve, Lucy's Child,New York: Viking, 1990, pages 104—131。Tattersall, Op. cit., page 154.
[2712] Walter Bodmer and Robin McKie, The Book of Man: The Quest to Discover our Genetic Heritage, London: Little, Brown, 1994; paperback Abacus, 1995, page 77. Cook-Deegan,Op. cit., page 59.
[2713] Bodmer and McKie, Op. cit., pages 77—78.
[2713-0] 桑格尔因为这个发现第二次获得诺贝尔奖，这意味着他进入了由两次诺贝尔奖得主构成的荣誉殿堂，其中包括玛丽· 居里、约翰· 巴丁和莱纳斯· 鲍林。
[2714] Ibid., 下书给出了另一种说法：Colin Tudge, The Engineer in the Garden, London:Jonathan Cape, 1993, pages 211—213。
[2715] Robert Cook-Deegan, The Gene Wars: Science, Politics and the Human Genome, New York and London: W. W. Norton, 1994, paperback 1995, pages 59—61.
[2716] 有关用类比的方法解释这个难题，see Bruce Wallace, The Search for the Gene, Op.cit., page 90。
[2717] Bodmer and McKie, Op. cit., pages 73—74. 关于（桑格尔的）第一基因组排序的一览表，see Cook-Deegan, Op. cit., pages 62—63。
[2718] Bodmer and McKie, Op. cit., pages 86—87.
[2719] Jacques Monod, Chance and Necessity: An Essay on the Natural Philosophy of Modern Biology, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1971; Penguin paperback 1997. 关于爱因斯坦和“数学实体”，see page 158；关于犹太教——基督教的“原始”性质，see page 168；关于现代社会的基础即“知识伦理”，see page 177。
[2720] Edward O. Wilson, Sociobiology: The New Synthesis, Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1975; abridged edition 1980.
[2721] Ibid., page 218.
[2722] Ibid., pages 19 and 93.
[2723] Ibid., page 296.
[2724] Richard Dawkins, The Selfish Gen, Oxford and New York, 1976, new paperback edition,1989.
[2725] Ibid., page 71.
[2726] Ibid., page 97.
[2727] Nathan Silver, The Making of Beaubourg: A Building Biography of the Centre Pompidou,Paris, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1994, page 171.
[2728] John Musgrove (editor), A History of Architecture, London: Butterworths, 1987, page 1352更注重建筑的位置而非结构。
[2729] Jean-Jacques Nattier (editor), Orientations: Collected Writings of Pierre Boulez, London:Faber, 1986, pages 11—12, translated by Martin Cooper.
[2730] Various authors, History of World Architecture, London: Academy Editions, 1980,page 378.
[2731] Silver, Op. cit., pages 39ff.
[2732] Ibid., pages 6 and 44—47.
[2733] Ibid., page 49.
[2734] Ibid., page 126.
[2735] 关于其他常客，see Nattier (editor), Op. cit., page 26。
[2736] 关于布列兹与梅西安的交往，see Jean-Jacques Nattier (editor), The Boulez-Cage Correspondence, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, pages 126—128。
[2737] Paul Griffiths, Modern Music, Op. cit., page 136.
[2738] Ibid., pages 160—161.
[2739] Ibid., page 163.
[2740] 布列兹与凯奇关系密切，see Jean-Jacques Nattier (editor), The Boulez-Cage Correspondence,Op. cit., passim。
[2741] Nattier (editor), Orientations, Op. cit., page 25.
[2742] Times Literary Supplement, 6 May 1977.
[2743] Nattier (editor), Orientations, Op. cit., pages 492—494.
[2744] Philip Julien, Jacques Lacan's Return to Freud, New York: New York University Press,1994. See also Bice Benvenuto and Roger Kennedy, The Work of Jacques Lacan, London:Free Association Books, 1986, pages 223—224.
[2745] Jacques Lacan, Ecrits, Paris: Editions du Seuil, 1966, page 93.
[2746] Ibid., pages 237ff.
[2747] Benvenuto and Kennedy, Op. cit., pages 166—167; Julien, Op. cit., pages 178ff.
[2748] Quentin Skinner (editor), The Return of Grand Theory in the Human Sciences,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985, paperback 1990, page 143.
[2749] Didier Eribon, Michel Foucault, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press,1991, Faber 1992, paperback 1993, pages 35—37 and 202, translated by Betsy Wing.
[2750] David Macey, The Lives of Michel Foucault, London: Hutchinson/Radius, 1993, pages 219—220.
[2751] Eribon, Op. cit., pages 201ff.
[2752] Mark Philp, ‘Michel Foucault,’ in Skinner (editor), Op. cit., pages 67—68. Ibid., chapter 18, ‘We are all ruled.’
[2753] Mark Philp, ‘Michel Foucault,’ in Skinner (editor), Op. cit., page 74. See also pages 70—71，福柯认为人文科学往往根植于“令人不快的过往”，可以说是一个异常清晰的总结。
[2754] Eribon, Op. cit., pages 269ff. 关于权力关系，see Philp, Op. cit., pages 74—76；关于我们“无规律可循”的状况，see page 78。
[2755] Jean Piaget, Structuralism, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1971, translated by Chaninah Maschler.
[2756] Piaget, Op. cit., page 68.
[2757] Ibid., page 62.
[2758] Ibid., page 103.
[2759] Ibid., page 117.
[2760] David Hoy, ‘Derrida,’ in Quentin Skinner (editor), Op. cit., page 45.
[2761] Christopher Johnson, Derrida, London: Phoenix, 1997, page 6.
[2762] Ibid., page 7.
[2763] Geoffrey Benington and Jacques Derrida, Jacques Derrida, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993, pages 42—43，这本书的排版也反映了德里达的一些思想。Johnson, Op. cit., page 10.
[2764] Johnson, Op. cit., page 4.
[2765] Ibid., page 28.
[2766] Benington and Derrida, Op. cit., pages 133—148.
[2767] Johnson, Op. cit., pages 51ff；Hoy, Op. cit., pages 47ff.
[2768] Ibid., page 51.
[2769] Benington and Derrida, Op. cit., pages 23—42.
[2770] See ‘Differance’ in Jacques Derrida, Margins of Philosophy, London: Harvester Press,1982, pages 3—27.
[2771] Cantor, Op. cit., pages 304—305; see also Susan James, ‘Louis Althusser,’ in Skinner(editor), Op. cit., page 151.
[2772] Susan James, ‘Louis Althusser,’ in Skinner (editor), Op. cit., pages 144 and 148.
[2773] Louis Althusser, Lenin and Philosophy, and Other Essays, London: New Left Books,1971, translated from the French by Ben Brewster, pages 135ff and 161—168. See also Kevin McDonnell and Kevin Robins, ‘Marxist Cultural Theory: The Althusserian Smokescreen,’ in Simon Clark et al. (editors), One-Dimensional Marxism: Althusser and the Politics of Culture, London and New York: Alison & Busby, 1980, pages 157ff.James, Op. cit., pages 152—153.
[2774] 关于意识形态及其应用的详细讨论，see Louis Althusser, Philosophy and Spontaneous Philosophy of the Scientists, London and New York: Verso, 1990, pages 73ff。
[2775] Anthony Giddens, ‘Jurgen Habermas,’ in Skinner (editor), Op. cit., page 123.
[2776] See Jurgen Habermas, Post-Metaphysical Thinking: Philosophical Essays, London: Polity,1993, especially essay three. Giddens, in Skinner (editor), Op. cit., pages 124—125.
[2777] Giddens, Op. cit., page 126.
[2778] Rick Roderick, Habermas and the Foundations of Critical Theory, London: Macmillan,1986, page 56.
[2779] Giddens, Op. cit., page 127.
[2780] Ibid.
[2781] Louis-Jean Calvet, Roland Barthes: A Biography, London: Polity, 1994, translated by Sarah Wykes, especially pages 97ff and 135ff.
[2782] Roland Barthes, Mythologies, London: Jonathan Cape, 1972, paperback 1993, translated by Annette Lavers.
[2783] Ibid., page 98.
[2784] Roland Barthes, Image, Music, Text, London: Fontana, 1977, pages 142ff, translated by Stephen Heath.
[2785] Roland Barthes, The Pleasure of the Text, New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1975, page 16, translated by Richard Miller.
[2785-0] 巴特的观点至少有一点自相矛盾。如果作者的意图没什么意义，那么巴特本人的观点怎么会有意义呢？
[2786] Ibid., page 17.
[2787] 巴特的传记作家提出了一个尖锐的问题，巴特与萨特均于1984年去世，这两位法国知识分子谁会被更多的人铭记？后者生前无疑更著名，但是……See Calvet, Op.cit., page 266。
[2788] Thompson and Bordwell, Film History, Op. cit., page 493。
[2789] Robin Buss, French Film Noir, London and New York: Marion Boyars, 1994, pages 139—141 and 506—509.
[2790] Ibid., pages 510—512.
[2791] 特吕弗认为他很笨拙，see Gilles Jacob and Claude de Givray, François Truffaut Letters,London: Faber, 1989, page 187。Thompson and Bordwell, Op. cit., page 511.
[2792] 关于完整的列表，see Thompson and Bordwell, Op. cit., page 522。
[2793] 杰罗姆·罗宾斯一度想把《四百击》改编成芭蕾舞剧。See Jacob and Givray(editors), Op. cit., page 158.
[2794] Thompson and Bordwell, Op. cit., pages 523—525.
[2795] Ibid., pages 528—529.
[2796] 结尾确实模棱两可，不过特吕弗认为观众很好地理解了这部电影，see Jacob and Givray (editors), Op. cit., page 426。See also Thompson and Bordwell, Op. cit., pages 524—525.
[2797] 关于戈达尔讲述故事的哲学，see Richard Roud, Jean-Luc Godard, London: Seeker& Warburg in association with BFI, 1967, page 48。James Pallot and Jacob Levich(editors), The Fifth Virgin Film Guide, London: Virgin, 1996, page 83。
[2798] Thompson and Bordwell, Op. cit., pages 519—522.
[2799] Ibid., page 529. Pallot and Levich, Op. cit., page 376指出了它在另一个层面是对“好莱坞三角恋情”的戏仿。
[2800] Pallot and Levich, Op. cit., page 341.
[2801] Ibid., page 758.
[2802] 关于影片中“废弃的界限”的讨论，see Colin McCabe et al., Godard, Images, Sounds,Politics, London: BFI/Macmillan, 1980, page 39。See also Louis-Jean Calvet's biography of Barthes (参见本章注释55), pages 140—141。
[2803] Peter Brook, Threads of Time, London: Methuen, 1998.
[2804] Ibid., page 127.
[2805] Ibid., page 134.
[2806] Ibid., page 54.
[2807] Ibid., page 137.
[2808] M. M. Delgado and Paul Heritage (editors), Directors Talk Theatre, Manchester:Manchester University Press, 1996, page 38.
[2809] Brook, Op. cit., page 177. Delgado and Heritage, Op. cit., page 38.
[2810] Brook, Op. cit., pages 182—183.
[2811] Ibid., page 208.
[2812] Ibid., pages 189—193.
[2813] Delgado and Heritage (editors), Op. cit., page 49.
[2814] Brook, Op. cit., page 225.
[2815] 同时，他还痴迷于传统的戏剧问题，如人物性格。See John Peters, Vladimir's Carrot:Modern Drama and the Modern Imagination, London: Deutsch, 1987, page 314.
[2816] Brook, Op. cit., page 226.
[2817] Ronald Dworkin, Taking Rights Seriously, London: Duckworth, 1978.
[2818] Ibid., pages 266ff.
[2819] Ibid., pages 184ff.
[2820] Ibid., pages 204—205.
[2821] Milton and Rose Friedman, Free to Choose, New York: Harcourt Brace, 1980, Penguin paperback 1980.
[2822] Ibid., page 15.
[2823] Ibid., page 107.
[2824] Ibid., page 179.
[2825] Ibid., page 174.
[2826] Ibid., page 229.
[2827] Paul Krugman, Peddling Prosperity: Economic Sense and Nonsense in the Age of Diminished Expectations, New York: W. W. Norton, 1994, page 15.
[2828] Ibid., pages 178ff.
[2829] Robert Solow, Interview with the author, MIT, 4 December, 1997. 索洛的观点最初发表在1956年的《经济学季刊》与次年《经济统计评论》杂志上的几篇文章中。
[2830] Krugman, Op. cit., pages 64—65.
[2831] Ibid., page 197.
[2832] Robert Solow, Learning from ‘Learning by Doing’: Lessons for Economic Growth,Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 1997.
[2833] Ibid., page 20.
[2834] Ibid., pages 82ff；See also Krugman, Op. cit., pages 200—202.
[2835] See also: ‘The economics of Qwerty,’ chapter 9 of Krugman, Op. cit., pages 221ff.
[2836] Friedman and Friedman, Op. cit., pages 19—20.
[2837] Amartya Sen, On Ethics and Economics, Oxford: Blackwell, 1987, paperback 1988. 关于囚徒困境，see pages 82ff。
[2838] Amartya Sen, Poverty and Famines, Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1981, paperback 1982.
[2839] Ibid., pages 57—63.
[2840] Krugman, Op. cit., chapter 8, ‘In the long run Keynes is still alive,’ pages 197ff.
[2841] Ibid., pages 128, 235 and 282.
[2842] J. K. Galbraith, The Culture of Contentment, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1992.
[2843] Ibid., page 107.
[2844] Charles Murray, Losing Ground: American Social Policy 1950—1980, London: Basic Books, 1984.
[2845] Ibid., page 146.
[2846] Ibid., chapter 2.
[2847] Galbraith, Op. cit., page 106.
[2848] J. K. Galbraith, The Good Society, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1996.
[2849] Ibid., page 133 and chapters 8—11.
