ArlingtonNationalCemetery,304,335,338-39
Armatou,Louis“Frenchy,”138-39
ArmisticeofWorldWarI,107-8
Army,U.S.
G-2(intelligence),201,204,231
jurisdictionalsquabbles,254-55
“word-equivalent”alphabet,75
ArmyAirCorps,251,315
ArmySignalCorps,120-22
Elizebethin,120-22
resignation,126
Williamin,98-99,102,120-22,128
codebreaking,125-26,129-30,140, 147-48
ArmySignalCorpsSchool,67
ArmyWarCollege,100-101
AsamaMaru,166-67
Astaire,Fred,181
atomicbombingsofHiroshimaandNagasaki,312,313-15
Aumann,Eduardo,273
Aurora-ElginandFoxRiverElectricCompany,22
Auschwitzconcentrationcamp,178,
Austria,180,181
“back-to-the-soil”movement,59-60
Bacon,Francis,38-42.SeealsoBacon’scipher
BaconiantheoryofShakespeareauthorship,38-42,321-23
argumentsagainst,54-57,61-62
basictheoryof,40-42
briefhistoryof,39-40
Bacon'scipher(Baconiancryptology),39-46,321-23,335
Riverbankresearch,30,33-34,37-38, 40-48, 54-57, 65, 112-13
Bamford,James,337
BankofNewYork,292
Barkley,FredandClaire,250
Barnum,P.T.,18
BattleofMidway,212,252
BattleofStalingrad,265
BattleoftheCoralSea,212
BattleoftheUnitedStates(film),299-300
Batvinis,RaymondJ.,234
Baxter,JamesPhinney,44
BeaconsfieldPOWcamp,312
BealeTreasure,156
Becker,JohannesSiegfried“Sargo,”223, 223-29
appearanceof,224,263
arrestandimprisonmentof,302-3
Boliviacoupplotting,274,277,281,283, 415n
espionageactivities,227-31,241,242,245, 263-66, 268-69, 273, 274, 277-78, 281, 283-84, 287
FBIand,223-24,245,247,289-91
firstspyingmissions,224-25
HellmuthAffairand,289-91
inhiding,296-97
Perónand,263-66,273,274,275-76,283-84, 302
secretweaponsdeal,275-76,277-78
BellLabs,91
Berchtesgaden,310
Berlinbombing,286-87
Bezdek,Vladimir,229
biliteralciphers,41-44,57,61,66,69,75,101, 102, 154
BiliteralCypherofSirFrancisBaconDiscoveredinHisWorks(Gallup),43-44
binarycode,41
Blackburn,W.G.B.,206
BlackChamber,100-101,104,109,121,147-48, 157, 169
TheAmericanBlackChamber(Yardley),160-63,165,271,332
BlackstoneHotel(Chicago),331
BletchleyPark,197,217,221,267
coordinationwithcoastguard,259
Enigmaand,197,200-201,269,285-86
Williamat,270,304,312-13,317
womenin,197
Bliss,CorneliusN.,66
BlissFabyan&Company,23-24
BlueEnigma,264,268
Blumenfeld,Isadore“KidCann,”384n
Bolivia,180-81,303
coupd'étatof1943,283-84
Germanimmigrantsin,181-82
Naziclandestineactivitiesin,273,274, 275-76
plottingofcoup,274,277,281,415n
supportforNaziGermany,183-84,266
bombes,124,196-97
bookciphers,84,190-94,231,255
bootlegging.Seerum-running
Bratzel,John,246,298
Braun,Eva,311
Brazil,180-83,243-47
arrestsandroundupsin,243-47,253-54, 262
Beckerin,224,225,227
Engelsin,227-29,241-42,243,245,247
fascistpoliticsin,182-83,274
FBIin,205-6,243-47,253-54,262,289
Germanimmigrantsin,181-82
Naziclandestineactivitiesin,224,225, 229-30, 241-44, 247, 262-63
supportforNaziGermany,183-84,
BrazilianIntegralism,182,278,284
Britain
Hindu-GermanConspiracy,80-83
inWorldWarI,63,67,86-88,107
inWorldWarII,180-81,187-88,204,213-18,227,242,254-56, 279-81,288-89,301-2,305.SeealsoBletchleyPark
BritishSecurityCo-ordination(BSC),214-18, 238, 254-55
Brummell,Beau,29
Bryden,John,242
BuenosAires
Beckerin,224-29,263-66,274,275-78, 283-84, 287-91, 302
FBIin,205-6,288-91
Germanimmigrantsin,181-82
HellmuthAffair,275-76,278,279-81, 287-91
Naziradiooperations,228-29,261-66, 283-84
Circuit3-N,260-61,266-69,272-75, 277-79, 285
supportforNaziGermany,183-84,265-66, 273-74
Utzingerin,261-66,276-78,283-84,287, 291-92, 297,302-3
Bullitt,William,179
Burke,Billie,51
Byrd,Richard,51
Cabell,JamesBranch,9-10
cabinetnoir,71
CabodeHornos(ship),276,279-80
cacao,257-58
Callimahos,Lambros,85
Camp020,280-81
Canine,Ralph,333
Capone,Al,135,144,145,146-47
Capra,Frank,299-300
Caracristi,Ann,339
Carson,Anne,63
Carter,Jimmy,3
Cassie(nanny),132
Chaplin,Charlie,262
Chicago,10-11,12-13
ChicagoDailyNews,25,26,27
ChicagoEveningAmerican,158
ChicagoFireof1871,12
ChicagoHerald,24
Chicago&NorthWesternTerminal,16-17, 35
ChicagoStockExchange,51
ChicagoTimes,13
ChicagoTribune,13,30
ChicagoWorld'sFair(1893),13,32
Childs,J.Rives,85
Chile,266
Germanimmigrantsin,180-81
Naziclandestineactivitiesin,226,241,243-44, 247, 259, 274, 277, 278
supportforNaziGermany,183-84,263
Chongqingbombing,171
Christmascards,153-54,217,255-56,300-301
Churchill,Winston,212
CIA(CentralIntelligenceAgency),189, 215-16, 240
ciphers.Seealsospecifictypesofciphers defined,xvi
cipherboardgames,154-55,172
cipherdiscs,86-88
ciphermachines,40,44,119-20,122-26, 149-50, 170-71, 184, 187
CiphersfortheLittleOnes(Fabyan),57
“circuits,”189
Circuit3-N,249,260-61,266-69,272-75, 278-79, 285
“clandestine,”184-85
clandestinecircuits,189-90.SeealsoCircuit3-N
Clark,Marvin,138-39
Cleopatra(movie),172
CoastGuardCryptanalyticUnit,133-47.SeealsoFriedman,ElizebethSmith,atTreasuryandcoastguard
creationofunit,139-40,141-42
FBI'srelationshipwith,231-35
movetoNavalAnnex,252-53,269-70
transfertonavyjurisdiction,235-36
code,defined,xvi
codebreakers.Seealsospecificcodebreakers
briefhistoryof,66-67,71-72
defined,xvi
mentalstrainon,125
personalityof,70,125
sexismand,70-71
codebreaking
basictaskof,70-71,72-74
useofterm,84
coincidencecounting,113,199
ColumbiaUniversity,141,171
Condorairline,182,228
ConsolidatedExportersCorporation,135-39,143-47,331
ConverterM-134,149-50,170-71
Cooley,Vernon,142,186-87
Cooper,Gary,214
CoordinaciónFederal,302
CopacabanaBeach,181
CornellUniversity,58,60,96
Cornero,Tony“TheHat,”138
C-rations,309
“cribs”(crib-baseddetection),197
Crimea,256
Crosby,Francis,289-90
“cryptanalysis,”William'sinventionofterm,84
cryptanalysts.Seealsocodebreakers
defined,xvi
cryptograms
defined,xvi
frequenciesofletters,69-70,83-84
“TheGold-Bug”(Poe),60-61
cryptographers,defined,xvi
CryptographyEngineering(Schneier,Ferguson,andKohno),119
Cryptolog(journal),340
“cryptologicschizophrenia,”237-38
cryptology,defined,xvi
Crypto-SetHeadquartersArmyGame,155
Cuba,180
CubanMissileCrisis,339
Cumming,Belle,50,159
Cunningham,WalterMcCook,322
Curie,Marie,142
Czechoslovakia,180,308
Dachauconcentrationcamp,143,178,302
Dahl,Roald,214-15
Darwin,Charles,39
DeAugmentisScientarium(Bacon),40
DeFurtivisLiterarumNotis(dellaPorta),155-56
DelegaciadeOrdemPoliticaeSocial(DOPS),245-46
DellaPorta,Giambattista,155-56
DeMille,CecilB.,172
DetectiveFictionWeekly,169
Dickinson,Velvalee,292-96
digitalciphers,124
Dinieus,EdnaSmith,7,170,311
deathofmother,64-65
Mexicanvacation,207
Williamand,60
disappearingink,184
DNA,24
Doe,Harry,144
DollLady.SeeDickinson,Velvalee
Donovan,William,240-41,316
Dove,Billie,51
Driscoll,AgnesMeyer,131
Drosophilamelanogaster,49-50,58
Dunninger,Joseph“AmazingDunninger,”321
Duquesne,FrederickJoubert,232-34,
Eagle'sNest(Kehlsteinhaus),306,310-11
Ecuador,180-81
Edison,Thomas,24
Einsatzgruppen,178
Einstein,Albert,24,79,308,355n
Eisenhour,Bert,30,44,48-49
electroshocktherapy,151,219
ElizabethIofEngland,11-12,38-39,43, 57
Engels,Albrecht“Alfredo,”227-29,241-42, 243, 245, 247
EngledewCottage,46,84,97
Enigma,125-26,194-202,263-64,283
Britishcodebreakers,124,196-97,221
Circuit3-N,249,260-61,266-69,272-75, 278-79, 285
Elizebeth'swork,194,197-202,260-61, 267, 283, 284-86
Polishbreakthroughs,196-97,200
William'scuriosityabout,125-26
EnolaGay,313-14
Erasmus,8,9
Ezra,Isaac,166-67,331
Ezra,Judah,166-67,331
Fabyan,George
appearanceof,52-53
declininghealthanddeathof,158-59, 322
Elizebethand,46,51-52,53,156
departureandreturnfromRiverbank,113-15
firstmeetingandjoboffer,5-6,15-19
familybackgroundof,23-24,89-90
personalityof,51-53,95
RiverbankLaboratories.SeeFabyan,George,andRiverbank
rumorsabout,21-22
Vierlingcomparedwith,308
Williamand,53,58-59,95,112-13,123-24, 131-32, 142, 158-60, 313
Fabyan,George,andRiverbank,21,21-22, 51-53, 95
Baconiancryptology,34,35,44,54-55,57,65,112-13,158,322,323
copyrightissues,78-79,123-24,156-57
dinnertime,29-31
scientificresearch,24-28,53-54
sizeandscopeof,50
theVilla,24,25,31-32,46,52,98,159
WilliamandElizebeth'sdepartureandreturn,113-15
WorldWarIwork,67,77-78,98-99,100-102
Fabyan,Nelle,26,30,32,46,51,159-60
FabyanScouts,52
Farley,John,187,201
FederalBureauofInvestigation(FBI)
Britishspiesand,215-16,254
coastguard'srelationshipwith,231-35
CryptographicBranch,206
Dickinsoncase,292-96
Duquesnespyring,232-34
Elizebethand,203-4,206,217-18
jurisdictionalsquabbles,254-55
post-waractivities,321,329
publicityseeking,134-35,298-300
Rumrichcase,204-5
SouthAmericancounterintelligence,205-6, 231-34, 243-47, 253-54, 262, 288-91
Beckerand,223-24,245,247,289-91
HellmuthAffair,288-91
Utzingerand,247,291,297
SpecialIntelligenceService(SIS),205-6, 231-34
TeapotDomecase,129-30
TechnicalResearchLaboratory,206,217-18, 232
WorldWarIand,67
FederalCommunicationsCommission(FCC),206,217,229,242,245-46,259-60,290
Feinstein,GenevieveGrotjan,209-11
Figl,(Andreas),148
Fiske,GertrudeHorsford,44
Fleming,Ian,214-15
FlyingtoRio(musical),181
Ford,Henry,130
FortMeade,332,337
FoxRiver,32,33,46,94
FoxValleyGuards,52,66,68
France,inWorldWarII,180-81,207,208, 253, 256
Frank,Waldo,262-63
FreedomofInformationAct,337
Freeman,Walter,151
Frémont,JessieandJohn,152-53
FrenchLégiond'Honneur,25
FrentedeGuerra,183
frequencytables,72,73,74,75,367n
Fricke,Wilhelm,312
Friedman,Barbara,131-33
birthof,131
cryptograms,132-33,153,194
educationof,206-7,321
father'sdepression,151
jobsandcareer,301,304
Leninismand,251
NBCinterviewwithmother,164
inNewYorkCity,251
travelsofmother,139
WorldWarIIand,304,305
Zionismand,309-10
Friedman,ElizebethSmith,xi-xv
appearanceof,5,6
atArmySignalCorps,120-22
resignation,126
Bethesda,Maryland,house,127-28,133
Chicagomove,10-11
childrenandparenting,131-33,164-65, 206-7, 301, 304, 305, 321
Christmascards,153-54,217,255-56, 300-301
cipherboardgames,154-55,172
atcoastguard.SeeFriedman,ElizebethSmith,atTreasuryandcoastguard
deathof,338-39
deathofmother,64-65
desiretowrite,126,128-29
diaryof,9,35,96-97,99,103
earlylifeof,5,6-7
educationof,7-10,74,156
endofwar,304-5
eyecolorof,5,349n
Fabyanand,46,51-52,53,156
departureandreturnfromRiverbank,113-15
firstmeetingandjoboffer,5-6,15-19
familybackgroundof,6-7
honestyof,9,323
illnessof,170-71
legacyof,xi-xiii,330-32,338-41
libraryof,155-58,327
NSAremovalofpapers,327-29
Mexicanvacation,207-8
MilitaryRoadhouse,133,154,305,318, 322
namespelling,7
navyjoboffer,99,108-9,130-31
atNewberryLibrary,5-6,11-12,14-15
NSAinterviewwith,3-5,48,79,340-41
OfficeoftheCoordinatorofInformation,238,240-41
payandsalaries,95,120,141,258,320
post-warlife,319-25
atRiverbank.SeeFriedman,ElizebethSmith,atRiverbank
suffragemovementand,34-35
teachingcareerof,10
Williamand,140-41,303,317,330
ciphergames,153-55
curatingoflegacy,336-38
deathof,334-35
initialideaofmarriage,89-91,93-96
letters,126-27,172,207-8,270-71,314-15
maritalandgenderroles,78,82-83, 85-86, 86-88, 169-70
marriage,96-98,99-100
mentalillness,218-22,330
politicsofmarriage,126-27,151-55
railfenceciphers,110,110-11,126-27,127
atRiverbank,xi,30,49-50,57-58,61,75,106-7
secrecyofwork,140,150-51
twenty-fifthweddinganniversary,250-51
WorldWarI,104-6,107-11
Friedman,ElizebethSmith,atTreasuryandcoastguard,xiii-xiv,133-47,177
anonymity,258-59,298-99
bookciphers,190-94,255
coordinationwithBletchleyPark,259,267
creationofCoastGuardCryptanalyticUnit,139-40,141-42,259
drugsmugglingcases,165-70,320-21
Ezrabrothers,166-67,331
GreenGangcase,166-67
RCMPcase,168-69
FBIandHoover,xiv,203-4,206,217-18, 230-34, 254, 298-99, 339
Dickinsoncase,294-95,296
Duquesnespyring,232-34
firstcases,133-34,136
hiringandtrainingstaff,141-42
movetoNavalAnnex,252-53,269-70, 271, 303, 316
NBCinterview,163-65,166
organizingandindexingarchives,320-21
post-warwork,316,319-21
publicaccountsofwork,163-65,
rum-runningcases,133-40,
Consolidatedcase,135-39,143-47,
I'mAlonecase,138-39,331
SouthAmericancodebreaking,223-24, 229-44, 253-61, 266-75, 296-99
Beckerand,223-24,229-31,296-97
Circuit3-N,249,260-61,266-69,272-75, 278-79, 285
Utzingerand,229,276,297
transfertonavyjurisdiction,235-36
typicalworkday,186-87
wartimework,185-202,207,223-24,229-36, 239-44, 253-61, 266-75, 296-99
Britishspies,214,216-18,254,259-60,297-98
demotionofcommand,239-40
Enigma,194,197-202,260-61,267
BlueEnigma,264,268
GreenEnigma,264,268,283,284
RedEnigma,283,284-86
Friedman,ElizebethSmith,atRiverbank,4-5,21,28-35,46-48, 51-52, 64, 65, 95, 323-25
arrivalat,16-17
Bacon'scipherresearch,33-34,37-38, 40, 41-44, 47-48, 54-57, 64-65, 112-13, 321-23
codebreakingschool,101-2
codebreakingwork,64-65,68-70,74-89, 103
Britishdevice,86-88
roleofserendipity,84-85
teamwork,77-79,86
techniques,76-77
workflow,76-77
departureandreturn,108,109,113-15
dinnertime,29-31
firstday,21,28-31
firstdecipheringtests,44-46
futureplansand,106-7
Hindu-GermanConspiracy,80-83
menof,48-49
publications,77-79,83,84,103,156-57
secondday,31-34
Friedman,JohnRamsay
inArmyAirCorps,304,305,315,321
birthof,132
cryptograms,153
deathoffather,335-36
educationof,206-7,251,301
NBCinterviewwithmother,164
