饭饭TXT > 学习管理 > 《给世界的答案(出书版)》作者:[美] 斯蒂芬·温伯格/译者:凌复华/彭婧珞【完结】 > ☆书香门第☆给世界的答案.txt

  第十五章 尾声:大一统

作者:美- 斯蒂芬·温伯格/译者:凌复华/彭婧珞 当前章节:15123 字 更新时间:2026-6-23 03:34

1. I have given a more detailed account of some of this progress in The Discovery of Subatomic Particles, rev. ed. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2003)。

2. Isaac Newton, Opticks, or A Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections, and Colours of Light (Dover, New York, 1952, based on 4th ed., London, 1730), p. 394.

3. Ibid., p. 376.

4. This is from Ostwald’s Outlines of General Chemistry, and is quoted by G. Holton, in Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 9, 161 (1979), and I. B. Cohen, in Critical Problems in the History of Science, ed. M. Clagett (University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1959)。

5. P. A. M. Dirac, “Quantum Mechanics of Many-Electron Systems,” Proceedings of the Royal Society A123, 713 (1929)。

6. To forestall accusations of plagiarism, I will acknowledge here that this last paragraph is a riff on the last paragraph of Darwin’s On the Origin of Species.

参考书目

本参考书目列出了我所依据的有关科学史的现代二次文献,以及我曾参阅的过去科学家的原创著作,从前苏格拉底时期的文献片段到牛顿的《原理》,并大略带过目前的著作。所列文献都是英语原著或英译本——我对拉丁语和希腊语一窍不通,遑论阿拉伯语。我并未刻意追求最权威的文献目录,或文献的最佳版本。所列文献就是我在写作本书时参阅过的书籍,并恰好是我所能找到的最好版本。

原始文献

Archimedes,The Works of Archimedes, trans. T. L. Heath (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1897)。

Aristarchus,Aristarchus of Samos, trans. T. L. Heath (Clarendon, Ox-ford, 1923)。

Aristotle,The complete Works of Aristotle—The Revised Oxford Translation,ed. J. Barnes (Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 1984)。

Augustine,Confessions, trans. Albert Cook Outler (Westminster, Phil-adelphia, Pa., 1955)。

———,Retractions, trans. M. I. Bogan (Catholic University of Amer-ica Press, Washington, D.C., 1968)。

Cicero,On the Republic and On the Laws, trans. Clinton W. Keys (Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1928)。

Cleomedes,Lectures on Astronomy, ed. and trans. A. C. Bowen and R. B. Todd (University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Ange-les, 2004)。

Copernicus,Nicolas Copernicus On the Revolutions, trans. Edward Rosen (Polish Scientific Publishers, Warsaw, 1978; reprint, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Md., 1978)。

———,Copernicus—On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, trans. A. M. Duncan (Barnes and Noble, New York, 1976)。

———,Three Copernican Treatises, trans. E. Rosen (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 1939)。 Consists ofcommentariolus, Letter Against Werner, andNarratio prima of Rheticus.

Charles Darwin,On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selec-tion, 6th ed. (John Murray, London, 1885)。

René Descartes, Discourse on Method, Optics, Geometry, and Meteorology, trans. Paul J. Olscamp (Bobbs-Merrill, Indianapolis, Ind., 1965)。

———,Principles of Philosophy, trans. V. R. Miller and R. P. Miller (D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1983)。

Diogenes Laertius,Lives of the Eminent Philosophers, trans. R. D. Hicks (Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, Cam-bridge, Mass., 1972)。

Euclid,The Thirteen Books of the Elements, 2nd ed., trans. Thomas L.

Heath (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1925)。

Galileo Galilei,Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems:Ptolemaic and Copernican, trans. Stillman Drake (Modern Li-brary, New York, 2001)。

———,Discourse on Bodies in Water, trans. Thomas Salusbury (Uni-versity of Illinois Press, Urbana, 1960)。

———,Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo,trans. Stillman Drake (Anchor, New York, 1957)。 ContainsThe Starry Messenger, Letter to Christina, and excerpts fromLetters on SunspotsandThe As-sayer.

———,The Essential Galileo,trans. Maurice A. Finocchiaro (Hack-ett, Indianapolis, Ind., 2008)。 IncludesThe Sidereal Messenger, Letter to Castelli, Letter to Christina, Reply to Cardinal Bellar-mine, etc.

———,Siderius Nuncius, or The Sidereal Messenger,trans. Albert van Helden (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill., 1989)。

———,Two New Sciences, Including Centers of Gravity and Force of Percussion, trans. Stillman Drake (University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1974)。

Galileo Galilei and Christoph Scheiner,On Sunspots,trans. and ed. Albert van Helden and Eileen Reeves (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill., 1010)。

Abu Hamid al-Ghazali,The Beginnings of Sciences,trans. I. Gold-heizer, inStudies on Islam,ed. Merlin L. Swartz (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1981)。

———,The Incoherence of the Philosophers,trans. Sabih Ahmad Kamali (Pakistan Philosophical Congress, Lahore, 1958)。

Herodotus,The Histories,trans. Aubery de Selincourt, rev. ed. (Pen-guin Classics, London, 2003)。

Homer,The Iliad,trans. Richmond Lattimore (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill., 1951)。

———,The Odyssey,trans. Robert Fitzgerald (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 1961)。

Horace,Odes and Epodes,trans. Niall Rudd (Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 2004)。

Christiaan Huygens,The Pendulum Clock or Geometrical Demon-strations Concerning the Motion of Pendula as Applied to Clocks,trans. Richard J. Blackwell (Iowa State University Press, Ames, 1986)。

———,Treatise on Light,trans. Silvanus P. Thompson (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill., 1945)。

Johannes Kepler,Epitome of Copernican Astronomy and Harmo-nies of the World,trans. C. G. Wallis (Prometheus, Amherst, N.Y., 1995)。

———,New Astronomy(Astronomia Nova), trans. W. H. Donahue (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1992)。

Omar Khayyam, The Rubáiyát, the Five Authorized Editions, trans. Edward Fitzgerald (Walter J. Black, New York, 1942)。

———, The Rubáiyát, a Paraphrase from Several Literal Translations, by Richard Le Gallienne (John Lan, London, 1928)。

Lactantius,Divine Institutes, trans. A. Bowen and P. Garnsey (Liver-pool University Press, Liverpool, 2003)。

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz,The Leibniz-Clarke Correspondence, ed.

H. G. Alexander (Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1956).TableLuther,Talk,HazlittBohn,London,(H.G.MartinW.trans.1857)。

Moses ben Maimon,Guide to the Perplexed, trans. M. Friedländer, 2nd ed. (Routledge, London, 1919)。

Isaac Newton,The Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton, ed. D.

Thomas Whiteside (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1968)。———,Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, trans. Florian Cajori, rev. trans. Andrew Motte (University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1962)。

———,Opticks, or a Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Infl-tions, and Colours of Light(Dover, New York, 1952, based on 4th ed., London, 1730)。

———,The Principia—Mathematical Principles of Natural Philoso-phy, trans. I. Bernard Cohen and Anne Whitman, with “A Guide to Newton’sPrincipia,” by I. Bernard Cohen (University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1999)。

Nicole Oresme,The Book of the Heavens and the Earth, trans. A. D. Menut and A. J. Denomy (University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1968)。

Philo,The Works of Philo, trans. C. D. Yonge (Hendrickson, Peabody, Mass., 1993)。

Plato,Phaedo, trans. Alexander Nehamas and Paul Woodruff (Hack-ett, Indianapolis, Ind., 1995)。

———,Plato, Volume 9 (Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1929)。 IncludesPhaedo, etc.

———,Republic, trans. Robin Wakefield (Oxford University Press,Oxford, 1993)。

———,Timaeus and Critias, trans. Desmond Lee (Penguin, New York, 1965)。

———,The Works of Plato, trans. Benjamin Jowett (Modern Library, New York, 1928)。 IncludesPhaedo, Republic, Theaetetus, etc.

Ptolemy,Almagest, trans. G. J. Toomer (Duckworth, London, 1984)。

———,Optics, trans. A. Mark Smith, in “Ptolemy’s Theory of Visual Perception—An English Translation of theOpticswith commen-tary,”Transactions of the American Philosophical Society86, Part 2 (1996)。

Simplicius,On Aristotle “On the Heavens 2.10–14,”trans. I. Mueller (Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y., 2005)。

———,On Aristotle “On the Heavens 3.1–7,”trans. I. Mueller (Cor-nell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y., 2005)。

———,On Aristotle “Physics 2,”trans. Barrie Fleet (Duckworth, London, 1997)。

Thucydides,History of the Peloponnesian War, trans. Rex Warner (Penguin, New York, 1954, 1972)。

J. Barnes,Early Greek Philosophy(Penguin, London, 1987)。

———,The Presocratic Philosophers, rev. ed. (Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1982)。

J. Lennart Berggren, “Mathematics in Medieval Islam,” inThe Mathe-matics of Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, India, and Islam, ed. Victor Katz (Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 2007)。

Marshall Clagett,The Science of Mechanics in the Middle Ages(Uni-versity of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1959)。

M. R. Cohen and I. E. Drabkin,A Source Book in Greek Science(Har-vard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1948)。

Stillman Drake and I. E. Drabkin,Mechanics in Sixteenth-Century Italy(University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1969)。

Stillman Drake and C. D. O’Malley,The Controversy on the com-ets of 1618(University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, 1960)。 Translations of works of Galileo, Grassi, and Kepler.

K. Freeman,The Ancilla to the Pre-Socratic Philosophers(Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1966)。

D. W. Graham,The Texts of Early Greek Philosophy—The complete Fragments and Selected Testimonies of the Major Presocratics(Cambridge University Press, New York, 2010)。

E. Grant, ed.,A Source Book in Medieval Science(Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1974)。

T. L. Heath,Greek Astronomy(J. M. Dent and Sons, London, 1932)。

G. L. Ibry-Massie and P. T. Keyser,Greek Science of the Hellenistic Era(Routledge, London, 2002)。

William Francis Magie,A Source Book in Physics(McGraw-Hill, New York, 1935)。

Michael Matthews,The Scientific Background to Modern Philosoph(Hackett, Indianapolis, Ind., 1989)。

Merlin L. Swartz,Studies in Islam(Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1981)。

二次文献

L’Anno Galileiano, International Symposium a cura dell’Universita di Padova, 2–6 dicembre 1992, Volume 1 (Edizioni LINT, Trieste, 1995)。 Speeches in English by T. Kuhn and S. Weinberg; see also Tribute to Galileo.

J. Barnes, ed.,The Cambridge companion to Aristotle(CambridgeUniversity Press, Cambridge, 1995)。 Articles by J. Barnes, R. J.

Hankinson, and others.

Herbert Butterfield,The Origins of Modern Science, rev. ed. (Free Press, New York, 1957)。

S. Chandrasekhar,Newton’sPrincipiafor the common Reader(Clarendon, Oxford, 1995)。

R. Christianson,Tycho’s Island(Cambridge University Press, Cam-bridge, 2000)。

Carlo M. Cipolla,Clocks and Culture 1300–1700(W. W. Norton, New York, 1978)。

Marshall Clagett, ed.,Critical Studies in the History of Science(Uni-versity of Wisconsin Press, Madison, 1959)。 Articles by I. B. Cohen and others.

H. Floris Cohen,How Modern Science Came into the World—Four Civilizations, One 17th-Century Breakthrough(Amsterdam Uni-versity Press, Amsterdam, 2010)。

John Craig,Newton at the Mint(Cambridge University Press, Cam-bridge, 1946)。

Robert P. Crease,World in the Balance—The Historic Quest for an Absolute System of Measurement(W. W. Norton, New York, 2011).A. C. Crombie,Medieval and Early Modern Science(Doubleday An-chor, Garden City, N.Y., 1959)。

———,Robert Grosseteste and the Origins of Experimental Sci-ence—1100–1700(Clarendon, Oxford, 1953)。

Olivier Darrigol,A History of Optics from Greek Antiquity to the Nineteenth Century(Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012)。

Peter Dear,Revolutionizing the Sciences—European Knowledge and Its Ambitions, 1500–1700, 2nd ed. (Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., and Oxford, 2009)。

D. R. Dicks,Early Greek Astronomy to Aristotle(Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y., 1970)。

The Dictionary of Scientific Biograph, ed. Charles Coulston Gillespie (Scribner, New York, 1970)。

Stillman Drake,Galileo at Work—His Scientific Biograph(Univer-sity of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill., 1978)。

Pierre Duhem,The Aim and Structure of Physical Theory, trans.

Philip K. Weiner (Athenaeum, New York, 1982)。

———,Medieval Cosmology—Theories of Infinity, Place, Time,Void, and the Plurality of Worlds, trans. Roger Ariew (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill., 1985)。

———,To Save the Phenomena—An Essay on the Idea of PhysicalTheory from Plato to Galileo, trans. E. Dolan and C. Machler (Uni-versity of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill., 1969)。

James Evans,The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy(Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998)。

Annibale Fantoli,Galileo—For Copernicanism and for the Church, 2nd ed., trans. G. V. Coyne (University of Notre Dame Press, South Bend, Ind., 1996)。

Maurice A. Finocchiaro,Retrying Galileo, 1633–1992(University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2005)。

E. M. Forster,Pharos and Pharillon(Knopf, New York, 1962)。

Kathleen Freeman,The Pre-Socratic Philosophers, 3rd ed. (Basil Black-well, Oxford, 1953)。

Peter Galison,How Experiments End(University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill., 1987)。

Edward Gibbon,The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire(Every-man’s Library, New York, 1991)。

James Gleick,Isaac Newton(Pantheon, New York, 2003)。

Daniel W. Graham,Science Before Socrates—Parmenides, Anaxagoras, and the New Astronomy(Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2013)。

Edward Grant,The Foundations of Modern Science in the Middle Ages(Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996)。———,Planets, Stars, and Orbs—The Medieval Cosmos, 1200–1687

(Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1994)。

Stephen Graukroger, ed.,Descartes—Philosophy, Mathematics, and Physics(Harvester, Brighton, 1980)。

Stephen Graukroger, John Schuster, and John Sutton, eds.,Descartes’ Natural Philosophy(Routledge, London and New York, 2000)。

Peter Green,Alexander to Actium(University of California Press, Berkeley, 1990)。

Dimitri Gutas,Greek Thought, Arabic Culture—The Graeco-Arabic Translation Movement in Baghdad and Early ‘Abba¯sid Society(Routledge, London, 1998)。

Rupert Hall,Philosophers at War: The Quarrel Between Newton and Leibniz(Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1980)。

Charles Homer Haskins,The Rise of Universities(Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y., 1957)。

J. L. Heilbron,Galileo(Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2010)。

Albert van Helden,Measuring the Universe—Cosmic Dimensions from Aristarchus to Halley(University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Ill., 1983)。

P. K. Hitti,History of the Arabs(Macmillan, London, 1937)。

J. P. Hogendijk and A. I. Sabra, eds.,The Enterprise of Science in Islam = New Perspectives(MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 2003).Toby E. Huff,Intellectual Curiosity and the Scientific Revolutio(Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2011)。

Jim al-Khalifi,The House of Wisdom(Penguin, New York, 2011)。

Henry C. King,The History of the Telescope(Charles Griffin, T-ronto, 1955; reprint, Dover, New York, 1979)。

目录
设置
设置
阅读主题
字体风格
雅黑 宋体 楷书 卡通
字体大小
适中 偏大 超大
保存设置
恢复默认
手机
手机阅读
扫码获取链接,使用浏览器打开
书架同步,随时随地,手机阅读
首 页 < 上一章 章节列表 下一章 > 尾 页