the past until
soon recently after
a while
later nowadays not
long after
then while in
the mean time
before since meanwhile
8）Space Order空间
under the table in
the distance
on the hilltop across
the river
in front of the room next
to the door
in the back of the room on the front
wall
on the tenth floor along
the street
nearby far
away
inside the house outside
the school
behind the cupboard by
the window
round the corner on
the opposite side of the street
at the foot of the mountain at the bottom of the sea
9）Cause and Effect因果
since so…that…
because thus
because of this/that hence
because of the fact that therefore
as a result accordingly
as a result of otherwise
be due to be
responsible for
consequently cause
be a consequence of lead
to
as a consequence of contribute
to
be the reason for result
in
follow from bring
about
result from give
rise to
10）Concluding总结
in conclusion to
conclude
to sum up in
brief
at last in
short
finally
11）Qualifying转折（限定）
but however （al）though
yet except
for nevertheless
of course after
al
clearly
still
34．4 Assignment for Unit 34
Directions：There are twenty blanks in the following passage．For each blank there is a
transitional word or phrase missing．You should choose the appropriate word or phrase of each blank from
the given words or phrases below ．Be sure to use each of the given words or phrases，some of which may appear twice．
similarly，therefore，but，however，first of all，and，even，finally，for example，secondly，on the other hand，further-more，third，when，nevertheless，as aresult，or
Since we Americans are a blend of people from many countries，we have a very short history which
can properly be called“American”．____，it is hard to
find characteristics which apply to all Americans．We combine many extremes from many different cultures．____，we can make some generalizations．Our main characteristics include individuality，a combination of idealism and
practicality，materialism，____a lack of parental influence，all of which permeate our lives．
____，we Americans
value individuality．Our country was founded by strong individuals，and we do not like to be forced
into conformity．Therefore，we insist on having a great deal of
freedom．Interestingly
enough，____，most Americans use this freedom to
behave very much like most other Americans，and we are suspicious of those who do not conform．Hippies are individualists，____，but most Americans do not like them．By the same token，we consider ourselves very faithful to the laws of our country，____there are few among us who
would not break one if it was felt that no harm would be done by doing so—such as by exceeding the speed
limit or failing to report informally-received cash income on tax forms．
____，we Americans
are both practical and idealistic．We place great value on doing things forourselves，for this is what our pioneer
forefathers were forced to do．Many foreign visitors are surprised to find that many couples of
comfortable means do their own yard work，their own house-work，their own repairs．____，we are very
idealistic：We think we
have the best political，social，and economic
system yet devised，and we ____expect everything to go smoothly．
____our idealism，we are easily disillusioned．This is why so many marriages end in divorce—young couples' expectations from
marriage are unrealistically high．____，it helps
explain the dissatisfactions and protests of many young people，and ____older people，who enjoy one of the highest
standards of living in the world．
A ____characteristics of us Americans is that money is more
important than prestige to us．People work extremely hard，so many，unfortunately，either have little leisure time，or do not know how to enjoy it．Why do we work so hard？It is not to achieve greater status or prestige，but simply to have more of the
material objects and comfort that money can buy．
____，our parents
have less influence on us than parents do in other countries．Many children are left in day-care
centers by their working mothers，____with baby sitters when their parents go out at night．____，peer pressure is very great because children's feelings and desires
are taken very seriously，and they are given a lot of freedom to form strong personalities．We leave home at a relatively early
age，usually after
high school，to take jobs
and have our own apartments，____to go to college，where we are allowed a great deal of freedom．We choose our own spouses，even if our parents object，And，later in life，____our parents are old and helpless，we often live far away from them；many prefer to put them in nursing homes rather than to have the
responsibility of caring for them daily．Many foreigners find this practice heartless．I suppose it is，____like many other qualities we
Americans share，it is subject
to change over a relatively short period of time．
第三十五单元 总复习Revision Exercises
As is known to all，‘practice makes perfect’．Good，effective
writing can only be achieved through much practice．So in this unit，we intend to give you 20 topics for
your writing practice．
Exercise 35-1
Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title“Computers”．You should base your composition on the following outline．Your composition should be about
120 words．Remember to
write clearly．
Computers
1）计算机在现代社会中的作用；
2）计算机在家庭中的作用；
3）你对计算机的看法。
Exercise 35-2
Directions：Write a 3-paragraph essay by using the cause-effect technique to
illustrate how overpopulatlon threatens the development of society．The following outline information
will be of help．
Overpopulation Poses a Threat
to the Development of Societies
1）scarcity of
resources，including
land
2）shortage of
food
3）lack of
health care，educational
facilities and work opportunities
Exercise 35-3
Directions：Write a 3-paragraph composition of no less than 120words on the
title“The Advantages and Disadvantages of Air Travel”
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Air Travel
Exercise 35-4
Directions：Write a composition on the title“The Project Hope”．Your composition should be based
on the outline below
and should be start with the given opening sentence：
Education plays a very important role in the
modernization of our country．
The Project Hope
1）Present
situation of education in our country；
2）Necessity of
the project；
3）My
suggestions．
Exercise 35-5
Directions：Write a 3-paragraph composition in no less than 120words on the
title“For a Better Understanding between Parents and
Children”．Your
composition should bebased on the outline below and should be written clearly
on the Composition Sheet．
Outline：
1）Present
situation：lack of
communication between parents and children
2）Possible
reasons：a．different likes and dislikes
b．misunderstanding
c．others
3）Suggestions：a．for parents
b．for children
Exercise 35-6
Directions：Write a composition of about 120 words explaining how the dues of
membership are spend．Use the information contained in the pie chart and your composition
should be based on the outline given below．
Use of Photo Club Membership Dues Outline：
1）source of
dues and areas of expenses
2）the largest
and the smallest areas of spending
3）conclusion
Exercise 35-7
Directions：Write a composition on the title“Developing Listening Ability”．You are given the first sentence of each paragraph and are required
to develop the given topic sentences into three paragraphs．Your composition should be about
120 words，not including
the words given．
On Developing Listening Ability
1）At present，some Chinese students don't pay
enough attention to the development of their listening ability．
2）As a matter
of fact，listening is
one of the most important ways to study a foreign language．
3）Personally，I believe that……
Exercise 35-8
Directions：Write a composition about“The Profession I Like to
Follow”in three
paragraphs．Your
composition must be based on the outline given below and it should be no less
than 120 words．
The Profession I Like to Follow
1）My definition
of an ideal profession；
2）Reasons for
my definition；
3）An example of
my ideal profession．
Exercise 35-9
Directions：Write a composition of no less than 120 words on“The Early Model T Ford Cars”．Study the following table
carefully；Your
composition must be based on the informtion given in the table．Write three paragraphs to：
1）state the
changes in the price of the cars；
2）state the changes
in the output of the cars；
3）draw your own
conclusions（reasons why
Henry
Ford's cars have been so popular in the U．S．A．）
Exercise 35-10
Directions：Write a 3-paragraph composition on the title“Things Making Life Happy”．Your composition should be at least 120 words．Remember to support the main idea
with details and make your conclusion．Write clearly．
Things Making Life Happy
Exercise 35-11
Directions：Write a 3-paragraph composition on the title“How to Prepare Steamed Crabs”．You should develop your
composition by using the given opening sentence belowand remember to
use signal words to show clearly the different steps in the procedure．
How to Prepare Steamed Crabs
Almost everyone who lives in Guangdong likes to eat crabs．But do you know how to prepare them？
Exercise 35-12
Directions：You are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the graph
below．The suggested
title is“Car Accidents in Beijing”．Your composition should be no less
than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible．Remember that your composition must
be written according to the following outline：
1）Rise and fall
of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph；
2）Possible
reason（s）for the decline of car accidents in
the city；
3）Your
predictions of what will happen in the following year．
Exercise 35-13
Directions：Write a composition entitled“Reform and Open-door
Policy in China”by developing the three given topic sentences into three paragraphs．Your composition should be about
120 words，not including
the given sentences．
Reform and Open-door Policy in China
1）China's
reform and open-door policy，which started ten years ago，has brought China a lot of benefit sand has changed our lives
greatly．
2）But we are
facing some new problems in the course of the reform and open-door policy．
3）In spite of
the above mentioned problems，we should……
Exercise 35-14
Directions：Suppose your hobby is stamp-collecting，write a composition of no less than 120 words about this hobby using
the following key words and expressions．
Key Words and Expressions：
at my leisure，never ending pleasure，album，historic data，distant land，customs，like-minded collector，show off，the latest find，stamp-collecting king
Exercise 35-15
Directions：Write a 3-paragraph composition on the title“Causes of Teenager Smoking”．Your composition should be at least 120 words and you must use the
following keywords and expressions in your composition．
Key Words and Expressions：
turn to smoking，personal insecurity，as a way to，hide nervousness，fashionable，boredom，be eager to，behave like adults
Causes of Teenager Smoking
Exercise 35-16
Directions：Write a composition about“Causes for Air Pollution
in the Northeastern City of Lanzhou”．Your composition
must be based on the outline given and it should be no
less than 120 words．
Causes for Air Pollution in the Northeastern City of Lanzhou
1）There are a
lot of factories and oil refineries．
（Hinted information：few anti-pollution devices）
2）The city is
built between and around hills．
（Hinted information：air trapped between the mountains
not allowing the winds to disperse the air）
3）People use
coal fires in winter and there are too many cars and trucks in the city．
（Hinted information：chemicals dumped in the Yellow
River）
Exercise 35-17
Directions：According to the information given in the following chart，write a 3-paragraph report by using
the technique of Comparison and Contrast to illustrate the increase and
decrease of main causes of traffic accidents in Zhanjiang between 1993 and 1994．
Exercise 35-18
Directions：Write a letter of application in no less than 120 words．Follow the given directions and
outline below．
假设你是一个华南师范大学数学系的学生，你从报纸上看到一技术学校要招聘一名数学教师的广告，写信应征并作自我推荐，内容包括：
1）修完一个数学系学生应学的全部课程；
2）学业成绩优秀或接近优秀；
3）通过大学英语四级通考；
4）向该学校介绍个人品德、能力。
Exercise 35-19
Directions：Write a composition about“The Presevation of Wild
Life”in three
paragraphs．Your
composition must be based on the outline given and it should be no less than120
words．
1）Necessity of
presevation of wild life
2）Possible
measures（What can be
done to preservewild life）
3）My
suggestions
Exercise 35-20
Directions：write a composition on the title“My Hometown”in no less than 120 words．
My Hometown
