存在的不确定因素
我想说的第二部分是我们知道自己不了解的东西。换句话说，就是有关中国市场进一步开放的不确定因素。
很明显，我们不知道到底这么多行业会怎样发展。由于对事情缺乏深入地了解而导致许多揣测。比如，在金融服务这一方面，有一些人预测，一旦市场在五年后完全开放，许多中资银行就会陆续关门。
我个人对这种看法并不赞同。我认为这些中资银行将会是非常强劲的竞争对手。这一部分是因为这些银行了解市场，处于有利地位。另一部分原因是它们有遍布全国的网络，这一点是根本无法匹敌的，更不用说赶上它们是不切实际的了。还有一部分原因是它们拥有强大的客户基础，并且正在逐步走向现代化。比如中国内地最大的银行——中国工商银行，最近这家银行宣布有超过10，000家企业和180万的个人在使用其网上银行的服务。但是我认为中资银行将成为强劲竞争对手的主要原因是：它们学习的速度非常快。
另一件我们知道自己不了解的事和香港很有关系，就是从更加开放的中国市场获得的间接利益。
比如，如果内地的投资者获准在香港投资外币股票，香港特别行政区的股票市场肯定会得到好处。香港作为内地公司募集资金的中心，地位也会提高。我们知道这一想法正在考虑之中。我们也知道我们不了解这种情况什么时候会发生。
同样地，我们知道如果香港的银行获准接受人民币存款，香港特别行政区作为国际金融中心和主要的地区性金融中心，它的地位将会更进一步提高。我们也知道这一想法正在考虑之中，但是我们不知道这种情况什么时候会发生。
……
据报道，在1972年对话的开始，基辛格博士就对中国的东道主说：“我们之间的关系之中有一点很好，就是我们都不想从对方那里获得什么。”
据说毛主席立刻反对说：“如果我什么都不想从你们那里得到，我就不会邀请你们。如果你们什么都不想从我们这里得到，你们也就不会来了。”
同样的感觉也适用于WTO协议。如果中国不想获得什么，就不会加入WTO。正如一些观察家所指出的，她也就不会作出比任何以往的成员申请国影响更深远的承诺。同样地，如果外国公司认为什么都得不到，也就不会蜂拥到中国来扩展他们的业务。如果他们认为无利可图，也不会这样做。
在结束之前，我想最后再评述一下关于香港的情况和中国加入WTO 的影响。
我知道，而且我相信各位都同意这一点，香港处于有利的位置，可以在中国入世后扮演重要的角色。我也知道，香港人有能力应付新的挑战。简单地说，我知道如果纽约是不眠的城市，那么香港就是从不停滞的城市。
谢谢大家。
导读
这是香港上海汇丰银行有限公司主席大卫·艾尔敦在2002年4月25日纽约香港协会早餐会的演讲“中国与WTO：十五年的渴望”。
诵读名句
One of which was that when travelling overseas，government officials and business people from Hong Kong should spend more time selling Hong Kong to the sceptics. And less time speaking to the converted.
Another thing we know we know and this audience in particular knows is that China’s entry into the WTO means the role of Hong Kong will inevitably change.
Simply put，I know that if New York is the city that never sleeps，then Hong Kong is the city that never stagnates.
Carly Fiorina Remarks at Tsinghua University
惠普CEO卡莉·费奥瑞纳在清华大学的演讲
Carly Fiorina/卡莉·费奥瑞纳
Xie，xie. Xia wu hao. Those are the only two words of Chinese I know. That’s not true，I know a third—Ni hao. I want to thank all of you for taking time out of your what I know that is a very busy study schedule to be here today. I know this is valuable time for you that you could be using to work，or study，or maybe to play Sword on line. Thank you for having me here today.
Coming from a company that has“invent”as part of our brand，as part of our signature，I sometimes begin speeches by saying that invention and innovation have been part the DNA of HP’s for more than sixty years. Our scientists and engineers today generate more than 11 patents every day. We spend more than 4 billion dollars a year on R&D. So invention is part of our future as well as part of our past. That all sounds pretty impressive until you think about China’s history，and you realize that“invent”has been part of China’s DNA for more than 5，000 years. Every schoolchild in America learns about China’s many gifts to this world—from the invention of paper，to gunpowder，the wheelbarrow，the compass，acupuncture—right up to the first blast furnace and the first use of iron casting，back in the sixth century. As a company，we actually at HP are especially indebted to a man named Bi Sheng，who had the vision in 1045 A.D. to invent the world’s first movable type，which led to its first printer—a full 300 years before Gutenberg’s invention of movable type changed the Western world. So today，I want to issue a belated thank you to Bi Sheng for having the foresight to set in motion a process that would eventually lead to a 20 billion business for HP.
…
I think the technology landscape today is changing in three fundamental ways. The first big shift we see going on in technology is that all processes，and that all content are being transformed from physical and analog to digital and mobile，and virtual. There are so many examples. Just think about the simple example of what is happening in photography. Photography is going from physical to digital and now from digital to mobile and all the content is about to become virtual and available，and accessible to anyone，anywhere in any form they want. And that transformation from physical to digital，virtual，mobile will happen to every process，every industry，and every kind of content.
The second big shift we see in technology is that the demand for simplicity，for manageability，for adaptability. While it is true that while technology is core to everything，it is also true that technology is also still too complex，too hard to manage，and often that complexity is a barrier.
The third big shift is that it’s becoming a horizontal，heterogeneous，connected world. Whether you’re a CEO trying to become more efficient，more effective and more agile；or a small and medium business trying to mobilize your workforce；or you’re a consumer who wants a whole bunch of separate things that you have bought in your home to work better together，it is now about horizontal connections. It’s about making a heterogeneous world work together and speak a common language—and I am speaking not of just devices，but networking and connecting businesses and companies，employees and suppliers to customers.
As technology moves from the fringe to the core of people’s lives and businesses，the need for technology to deliver more becomes increasingly important. I think today our consumers are no longer willing to compromise. Now，all of our customers actually want everything from technology. They want affordability and innovation and reliability and security and simplicity and manageability and connection.
Now if I were giving you a speech today on HP，I would tell you that this is a future that we are trying to create. That we see our role to accelerate the transformation from physical to digital. That as the No.1 consumer IT company in the world；the No.1 technology company for small and medium-sized businesses，and one of the leading enterprise technology companies，we are a company，we believe，unlike any other，with market-leading positions in virtually every category in which we compete. Today we are a almost 84 billion company with 140，000 employees in 176 countries around the world.
This school has prepared all of you for that same journey. As you work to take what you have learned here and apply it to the world around you，I hope that you will also strive to use your capabilities to create communities that are not just richer，but better；to judge success not just by the number of networks you connect，but by the number of people you connect；that you won’t just help make better companies，but better communities，and a better world.
It’s that same kind of thinking that brought us to China in the first place. It was 22 years ago that HP opened our first office here in China，in an old municipal factory located in Beijing. A day before the opening，there was still sawdust on the floor，and two of our engineers worked so hard to get our systems ready that they slept overnight in the building on folding cots. When we opened that building ，it was the first partnership of its kind to be sponsored by the government of the People’s Republic of China in conjunction with a foreign company.
That’s the same wish I leave you with here today. This University，I believe，has prepared you well and taught you the lessons of character and capability. The leaders of tomorrow will be the people of your age with the drive and commitment to fulfill their own potential and to help others reach their potential.
This is a world that in fact has always been driven by the young. Galileo published his first book on gravity at age 22. The founders of HP，Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard，were in their 20’s when they began the company. Bill Gates after all started Microsoft when he was 22. Or think about a lesson of one of this school’s great founders —— Zhao Yuanren，one of Tsinghua’s Great Four Tutors，who knew 10 European languages and dozens of Chinese dialects，who accompanied British philosopher Bertrand Russell around China and translated his English into the local dialect at each of their destinations. He was only 28 at the time.
And let us not forget that the world’s very first computer programmer was a woman in her 20s.She lived more than 150 years ago. She greatly expanded on the work of her mentor，the renowned mathematician Charles Babbage，whose work on the analytical engine preceded the modern computer. Today，the computer language Ada is named for her.
Your job，your great opportunity，is to harness the forces of change swirling all around you，in whatever field you decide to enter，and to take full advantage of the possibilities at your fingertips. Leadership can take place in acts large and small，it can come not just from CEOs and Prime Ministers，but can come as well from ordinary citizens who believe in the potential of others. I hope that whatever you do，you will remember your own power and dedicate yourself to the cause Tsinghua has prepared you so well for：to dedicate yourself to unlock the potential in others；to believe in the potential of yourself；to make this era the most exciting in all of human history—and to prove，beyond a shadow of a doubt，that everything is possible.
Thank you.
谢谢，下午好。我只会说这两句中国话，其实我还知道第三句，你好。我要感谢大家，在你们紧张的学习之余能够参加今天的演讲会，我知道对于你们来说时间很宝贵，你们可以利用这段时间工作、学习，或者玩网络游戏，对于你们的邀请，我非常感谢。
我常常以介绍惠普的创新历史作为我演讲的开始。60年来，创新和发明一直是惠普公司的精神本质，我们的工程师和科学家每天推出11项专利，我们每年在研发方面的投入高达40亿美元。创新精神不仅代表惠普的过去，也昭示着惠普的未来。HP 60年的创新历程固然令人瞩目，但当我们想到中国灿烂的历史，想到中国五千年的发明史时，这一切就不值一提了。美国的每一个适龄儿童都知道中国已经给世界带来的贡献，比如造纸术的发明、火药的发明、指南针的发明，还有针灸，铸铁技术是六世纪的时候中国带给世界的发明。我们惠普要特别感谢毕昇先生，他在1045年发明了活字印刷术，比起后来德国人古腾堡的发明早了300多年。活字印刷术的发明改变了整个西方世界。所以我今天要特别感谢毕昇先生，他的发明给惠普公司带来了200亿美元的生意。
我认为今天技术的格局正在以三种基本方式发生变革。第一个大的变革就是所有的流程和内容都在从物理的、模拟的变成为数字的、移动的和虚拟的。这方面的例子非常多，一个简单的例子就是摄影，摄影已经从物理式的变为数字化的，从数字化的变为可移动的，与此同时，所有的内容也正在变成虚拟的，任何人都可以在任何时间、任何地方、以他们所喜欢的任何方式来使用这些内容。这种从物理到数字化、移动式、虚拟化的变革将发生在每一个流程、每一个行业和每一种类型的内容之中。
第二个大的科技变革是人们对于技术的简化、可管理性、可适用性的要求越来越高。技术的确是一切的核心，但是技术也的确是太复杂、太难以管理了，复杂性是一种障碍。
第三个大的变革是，现在世界已经变为一种横向的、异构的、相互连接的世界。不管你是一个试图提高企业效率、效果和灵活性的CEO，还是一个想更好地利用你的员工队伍的中小企业主，又或者你是一个消费者，你希望你家里的各种各样的高科技产品之间能更好地配合，现在的关键是把它们横向地连接起来，关键是使异构的世界能够使用共同的语言。我这里谈的不仅仅是设备之间的连接，而是一个网络，它将企业、员工、供应商、客户都连接起来。
当技术从人们日常生活和商业社会的边缘逐渐成为核心，人们就越来越需要技术能够提供更多的东西，这种需求变得越来越重要。现在，我们的客户不愿意再妥协了，他们需要从科技中得到所有，他们需要买得起的、可靠的、安全的、简便的、可管理的技术，还有连接。
如果今天我要跟你们专门谈惠普公司的话，我就会告诉你们，这就是我们要创建的未来。我们的作用就是为了加速从物理化到数字化的转变。我们是世界上第一大IT消费品公司，我们也是针对中小企业的第一大科技公司，我们还是业界领先的面向大中型企业的科技公司。与其他任何公司都不一样，我们在每一个领域都占有领先地位。今天我们的营业额已经近800亿美元，在全球176个国家拥有140，000名员工。
清华大学已经为你们的未来做好了准备，当你们把你们学到的知识运用到社会中时，我希望你们能尽自己所能去建设一个更加美好的社会，而不仅仅是个富裕的社会。在这个社会里，成功的标准不在于你们能连接多少网络，而在于你们能连接多少个人，希望你们不仅能够创立更好的公司，而且能够建设更美好的社区，更美好的世界。
正是本着这样的想法，惠普作为高科技外资企业第一个进入中国。22年前，HP在中国、在北京的一个老厂房设立了第一个办事处，开业前一天办公室的地板上还铺满了木屑，我们的两名工程师为了使系统就绪而艰苦工作，在办公楼的折叠床上过夜。我们正式开业时，惠普是由中华人民共和国政府和外国公司合资的第一家高科技企业。
今天我也想跟你们表达同样的愿望，我认为清华大学已经使你们做好了充分的准备，培养了你们的性格和能力，明天的领导人就是你们这样的年轻人，有向前的驱动力并尽自己所能去帮助其他人发挥他们的潜力。
我们所处的世界一直都是由年轻人推动前进的。伽利略在22岁的时候出版了他的第一本关于地心引力的书，惠普的创始人Bill Hewlett和Dave Packard在他们20岁的时候创立了HP公司，比尔·盖茨也是在他22岁的时候创立了微软公司。清华大学的四大导师之一——赵元任先生，通晓十种欧洲语言和十多种中国方言，他陪同英国哲学家罗素游历中国，将罗素的思想翻译为中国方言，那一年他才28岁。
世界上第一个计算机编程员是一名女性，她当时才20岁，她生活在150年前。她极大地扩展了她的导师、著名数学家Charles Babbage的工作，她在当时就预见到现在所使用的计算机。今天的计算机语言Ada就是以她的名字命名的。
而你们要做的、你们的巨大机遇就在于，在你所决定进入的任何一个领域，都要充分利用环绕在你周围的变革的力量，都要充分利用你们所能掌握的各种机会。领导力存在于大大小小的行动之中，领导力不仅是CEO和总理才有的，普通人也有这样的能力，只要他们相信别人也有潜力可以发挥。我希望无论你们从事什么工作，你们都深信自己的能量，并且将自己献身于清华已为你们准备好的事业当中，献身于焕发别人的潜力，同时相信自己有巨大的潜力，致力于将我们现在身处的时代变成人类历史上最激动人心的时代。让我们用行动去消除怀疑，用行动证明“一切皆有可能”！
谢谢大家。
导读
2004年 3月12日，作为卡莉·费奥瑞纳第四次访华的最后一站，卡莉站在了清华大学的演讲台上，这块总统访华不会放过的地方，开始了题为：“变革时代的领导力”的演讲。这是一位美国炙手可热的女CEO、知名度不亚于第一夫人。她是一位集美丽、智慧、财富、权力于一身的女人。
诵读名句
That all sounds pretty impressive until you think about China’s history，and you realize that“invent”has been part of China’s DNA for more than 5，000 years.
That great tradition of invention and innovation has certainly been carried on here at Tsinghua，where some of the finest instructors in the world today are working to train some of the finest scientists and engineers.
And let us not forget that the world’s very first computer programmer was a woman in her 20s.
Those Elegant Spirits
优雅的灵魂
In Memory of the Challenger Astronauts
怀念挑战者号宇航员
Ronald Wilson Reagan/罗纳德·威尔逊·里根
We come together today to mourn the loss of seven brave Americans，to share the grief that we all feel，and perhaps in that sharing，to find the strength to bear our sorrow and the courage to look for the seeds of hope.
Our nation’s loss is first a profound personal loss to the family and the friends and the loved ones of our shuttle astronauts. To those they left behind the mothers，the fathers，the husbands and wives，brothers and sisters，yes，and especially the children—all of America stands beside you in your time of sorrow.
What we say today is only an inadequate expression of what we carry in our hearts. Words pale in the shadow of grief；they seem insufficient even to measure the brave sacrifice of those you loved and we so admired. Their truest testimony will not be in the words we speak，but in the way they led their lives and in the way they lost their lives with dedication，honor，and an unquenchable desire to explore this mysterious and beautiful universe.
The best we can do is remember our seven astronauts，our Challenger Seven，remember them as they lived，bringing life and love and joy to those who knew them and pride to a nation.
They came from all parts of this great country—from South Carolina to Washington State；Ohio to Mohawk，New York；Hawaii to North Carolina to Concord，New Hampshire. They were so different；yet in their mission，their quest，they held so much in common.
We remember Dick Scobee，the commander who spoke the last words we heard from the space shuttle Challenger. He served as a fighter pilot in Vietnam earning many medals for bravery and later as a test pilot of advanced aircraft before joining the space program. Danger was a familiar companion to Commander Scobee.
We remember Michael Smith，who earned enough medals as a combat pilot to cover his chest，including the Navy Distinguished Flying Cross，three Air Medals，and the Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry with Silver Star in gratitude from a nation he fought to keep free.
We remember Judith Resnik，known as J. R. to her friends，always smiling，always eager to make a contribution，finding beauty in the music she played on her piano in her off-hours.
We remember Ellison Onizuka，who as a child running barefoot through the coffee fields and macadamia groves of Hawaii dreamed of someday traveling to the Moon. Being an Eagle said，had helped him，soar to the impressive achievements of his career.
We remember Ronald McNair，who said that he learned perseverance in the cotton-fields of South Carolina. His dream was to live aboard the space station，performing experiments and playing his saxophone in the weightlessness of space. Well，Ron，we will miss Your saxophone；and we will build your space station.
We remember Gregory Jarvis. On that ill-fated flight he was carrying with him a flag of his university in Buffalo，New York—a small token he said，to the people who unlocked his future.
We remember Christa McAuliffe，who captured the imagination of the entire nation；inspiring us with her pluck，her restless spirit of discovery；a teacher，not just to her students，but to an entire people，instilling us all with the excitement of this journey we ride into the future.
