《新东方考研写作讲义》
作者：汪江涛【完结】
主讲：汪江涛
一、
1、Introduction：
1） General description：
2） Details 1, 2, 3：
3） Caption/Symbolic meaning：
2、Body：
1）Topic sentence：Symbolic meaning
2）Argument：
（1） Cause and effect
（2） Exemplification：
A. Numerous examples can be given, but this/these will suffice.
B. I can think of no better illustration than the following one(s).
C. This/These case(s) effectively clarify that...
3）Summary：
3、Conclusion：
1）Concluding sentence：
2）Suggestions 1、2：
3）Only in this way can we solve this problem.
It is high time that we solved this problem.
二、启承转合：
1、启：启动观点、开篇点题
2、承：观点承接、正面论证
First(ly), In the first place, To begin with, First and foremost, Above all, On the one hand, For one thing,
Second(ly), In the second place, Besides, In addition, What is more, Furthermore, Moreover, On the other hand, For another
Last(ly)，（The）Last but not (the)least, More importantly, Even worse,
3、转：观点转折、反面论证
Conversely, Nevertheless, Unfortunately, Whereas, Yet, Instead, In/By comparison/contrast, On the contrary,
4、合：文章结尾、合并归纳
As a result/consequence, Consequently, Accordingly, Thus, Hence, Generally/Briefly speaking,
三、词汇攻略
1、5m, 30m, 12h, 1、2、4、7、15d （10天搞定考研词汇）
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
上
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
AH
BI
CJ
晚
A
AB
BC
ACD
BDE
CEF
DFG
EGH
FHI
GIJ
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
上
D
E
F
G
AH
BI
CJ
D
E
F
晚
HJ
I
J
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
上
G
H
I
J
A
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
上
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
2、20天搞定考研词汇
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
上
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
AH
BI
CJ
晚
A
AB
BC
ACD
BDE
CEF
DFG
EGH
FHI
GIJ
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
上
DK
EL
FM
GN
AHO
BIP
CJQ
DKR
ELS
FMT
晚
HJK
IKL
JLM
KMN
LNO
MOP
NPQ
OQR
PRS
QST
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
上
GN
HO
IP
JQ
KR
LS
MT
N
O
AP
晚
RT
S
T
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
上
BQ
CR
DS
ET
F
G
H
I
J
K
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
上
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
四、潜词造句四大要素
1、Accuracy：extensive (a wide range of) knowledge, fierce competition
2、Variety：
1）认为
（1）I hold the opinion that, As far as I am concerned,
（2）cling to the idea, in my opinion/view, point out,
（3）maintain, reckon, assert, hold, claim, emphasize, insist, suppose, assume
2）重要
（1） Due attention has to be paid to, Importance should be attached to,
（2） be of great importance/significance
（3） vital, essential, crucial, significant
3）越来越多的人people in growing/expanding/increasing/mounting numbers
4）为了for the purpose of, aim to/at, in a bid to
3、Difficulty：primary/fundamental factors/causes.
4、Splendor：
1） My eyes were sparkling with delight.
2） He flied into a stormy rage.
3） I fell into the abyss of unspeakable pain.
4） Such is human nature, that a great many people are willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.
五、句子写法
1、五大句型
1）I succeed.
2）I like Ldy.
3）LY is smart.
4）Wei Xiaobao gave Ake an English dictionary.
5）Tulongdao made many people selfish.
2、名词从句
1） The fact that a great many senior citizens are ill-treated indicates/suggests that this issue is extremely serious.
2） What they fail to understand is that respecting the elderly is a traditional virtue of Chinese culture.
3、扩写法We, students from BU, one of the best universities in Beijing, which is the most beautiful city in China, the greatest country in the world, are singing a pop song named XSS sung by Hua'er, who is the favorite singer of Old Fish, after we played MJ the whole night.
六、亮点设置
1、活用词汇
1）Natural disasters claim hundreds of lives every year.
2）I do appreciate your efforts.
3）Once in front of me, lay a real chance. Yet, I did not value it. Not until the moment I lost it, did I realize how regretful I was. If God gave me another opportunity, I would never stop making progress.
4）I sat outside in the hall. Everything inside me has gone away. I didn't think. I could not think. I knew she was leaving me, but I prayed she not. (Ernest Hemingway: The Sun Also Rises)
2、平行排比A culture can be accepted, respected, appreciated and shared.
3、术语表达environmental protection/awareness
4、词组运用with due consideration of, take into account/consideration
5、句型框架
1） （中文）
（1） 只有这样下岗工人才能彻底摆脱贫困并且重新获得他们生命中的尊严。
（2） 总而言之，只有长期学习才有助于你掌握大的词汇量。
（3） 考虑到上述所有论证，政府早就该实行改革把传统教育模式转变为素质教育。
2） （英译文）
（1）Only in this way can laid-off workers completely shrug off poverty and regain their dignity in life.
（2）In conclusion, it is persistent work that is conducive to your grasping a large/considerable vocabulary.
（3）Given all the above arguments, it is high time that the authorities enforced reforms to convert traditional education strategy into education for all-round development/quality-oriented education.
6、名人名言 As John F. Kennedy put it, "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country."
7、英语谚语
1） Just as an old saying goes, "All work and no play make Jack a dull boy."
2） Just as an old saying goes, "God only helps those who help themselves."（天助自助者/自助者天助之！）
七、书信格式
（一）称呼
1、写给机构：Dear Sir or Madam,
2、写给个人：Dear＋人名,
（二）正文：3段、7句左右、100－120词、3－5关联词、3－5从句
1、第一段：1－2句
1）自我介绍
（1）工作人员：05：I am a staff member from your company/corporation.
06： I am a staff member from Motorola（China）Electronics Ltd.
（2）学生：I am a freshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduate from the Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Beijing University.
2）写作目的：
（1）样题：I am writing the letter in purpose of ordering some books.
（2）05：I am writing to inform you that I wish to resign from my current post/position.
2、第二段：3－6句
1）改写提纲一：1句
2）改写提纲二：1句
3）改写提纲三：1句
3、第三段：1－2句
1）表示感谢（私人建议信除外）
（1） My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words.
（2） Words fail me when I wish to express my sincere gratitude to you.
（3） I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation for the kind assistance you render me.
2）期待回信：
（1）I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
（2）I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
（3）Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.
（三）落款
1、结尾客套Yours sincerely,
2、签名： Li Ming
八、高分作文
1、2002
The picture vividly depicts a lovely American girl in traditional Chinese costume with a sweet smile on her face. She wears ribbons, necklaces and other accessories that are characteristic of the clothes of a certain Chinese minority group. Undoubtedly, the costume has added oriental charm/glamour to her beautiful look/appearance/features.
What the picture conveys goes far beyond only/merely a new fashion trend. Instead, it carries cultural meanings/implications as well. The fact that people from different countries are attracted to mysterious Chinese culture indicates that to some extent a culture can be accepted, respected, appreciated and shared internationally. In other words, a nation's unique/distinctive culture can become international through worldwide economic and cultural exchanges. Since the trend of globalization become irresistible, the increasing cultural exchanges can effectively improve mutual understanding and friendship.
It is my view that national culture as priceless spiritual treasure should be preserved and cherished. Meanwhile, there are good reasons to advocate international culture for those ideas from the other cultures, controversial or even absurd at first sight, can provide a different perspective for us to observe the world in the long run. Nevertheless, when we are confronted with a different culture, we should be sensible enough to absorb its essence and to resist its dark side. Only in this way can we promote cultural development positively and make our world dimensional, colorful and vigorous.
2、2003
The set of drawings above vividly depicts the destiny of a flower in different circumstances. As is shown in the first cartoon, the flower is placed in a comfortable greenhouse that shelters it from the threatening lightening and storm. With proper temperature, moisture and fertilizer, the flower is growing in full bloom. On the contrary, when removed from the greenhouse and exposed to the driving rain, the flower soon fades and withers, with the petals cast about on the grounds.
To begin with, the purpose of the drawings is to show us that the flower growing in the green house cannot withstand the test of the storm, yet the symbolic meanings subtly conveyed should be taken more seriously. The delicate flower is naturally associated with young people, to be specific, the only children in our current society; the greenhouse epitomizes parents' doting care and abundant material supplies that can shield the children from the storms, or the harsh reality. Once the young people begin to seek independence and accept challenges from the real world, they are found too spoiled to be strong enough in the face of difficulties.
Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive positive implications from these thought-provoking drawings. On the one hand, we can frequently use them to enlighten the youth to be more independent in life. On the other hand, parents should be sensible enough to give their children more freedom to deal with troubles and problems. Only by undergoing more challenges and toils in adversity can young people cultivate strong personality and ability, and only in this way can they become winners in this competitive world.
3、2006
As is vividly depicted in the photos above, Beckham, the smart British football superstar, is enjoying a striking popularity among the adolescents. In the first picture, Beckham's name appears on a young man's face. The caption indicates that worship for the idol is written on the face. In the second photo, another young man is doing Beckham's chic hairstyle in a barbershop. We are informed that he is spending 300 yuan imitating his idol's haircut.
Undoubtedly, the pictures have subtly reflected the social phenomenon that idol worship is prevalent among the teenagers nowadays. Beckham represents the image of sport hero whose handsome appearance and unparalleled football skills are passionately adored by all the sports fans. Likewise, several teenage girls won their fame overnight in The 2005 Super Girl Contest in China, which provoked nationwide noisy debates on the value and harm of admiring these idols. Briefly speaking, young people are inclined to idolize the people who excel in appearance, intelligence or talent.
Hence, idolatry, the thought-provoking social phenomenon, is a double-edged sword which can exert profound influence on the growth of young people. If we simply worship the idols by imitating their hairstyles or pursuing fashions unreasonably, the obsession will certainly waste us a great deal of money or time, endangering the efficiency of our work. On the contrary, we will lead a positive and fruitful life if we endeavor to improve ourselves by bridging the gap between our models and us. Accordingly, the latter attitude should be adopted to direct our way of life.
4、2007
As we can see from the picture, a football match is going on. On guarding the goal, the man on the left seems to be keeping a "huge goal" that is easy and inevitable for a goal, while the person on the right hesitates to kick the ball with an illusion about the "huge goalkeeper". It is obvious that both of them exaggerate the difficulties in front of them.
This photo does reflect a thought-provoking social phenomenon which is not uncommon in China now. The young always give up because the problem is beyond their ability to cope with. Superficially, it seems to be somewhat reasonable, but when weighing in the mind, we find there is an apparent tendency underlying this phenomenon: the lack of confidence. Firstly, it is well-known that we exist in a dynamic world with various difficulties. We can do nothing but face them. Secondly, attitude is the key point to take the first step. Assume bravery and confidence to solve the problem, you will find the question is not as "huge" as you imagine. Take us for example, the entrance exam for graduate students even seems to a horrible monster before us. Some people give up, some persist. So, with confidence and the right assessment of the difficulties, try and exert your strength, and then we will overcome all problems.
On the whole, I believe we young people should face the difficulties in right manner. And nothing is impossible, just do it.
5、
Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) give your comments.
As is subtly portrayed in the drawing, two handicapped young men are heading towards their destination with vigorous strides, leaving all their crutches behind. The hardship of disability being no longer an obstacle on their journey, they support each other with firm hands and proceed steadily. The caption indicates that they can travel north and south extensively with combined legs.
It is apparent that the cartoonist aims at reminding us of the importance of cooperation in our daily life. Hardly can anyone achieve success in his career without the assistance of his colleagues and partners. As competition in all lines of work grows increasingly fierce, we must defeat our rivals through powerful team work. Take basketball hero Yao Ming for an example, he can slam the dunk smartly because all his teammates contribute more or less to his outstanding performance. Likewise, the successful launching of Chang'e No.1 lunar probe should be attributed to the Chinese scientists' joint efforts instead of individual accomplishment. If we work separately, we will be confined to frail minds and limited resources.
