■ 表示申请人素质和经历的用语
I feel I am well qualified to...for the following reasons.
I have experience of..., therefore I may have the ability you are looking for.
My interest and skill in...contribute to my qualification for this job.
例1： 求职信
（Heading）
Ms. Maria Valdez
Great Western Publishing Corp.
7777 State Street, Room 456
Chicago, IL 60606
Dear Ms. Valdez,
I am writing this letter in response to the advertisement you placed in the Sunday paper for a proofreader or copy editor. I believe that both my education and experience are directly related to your needs.
For two summers I worked as a proofreader at The Daily Deluge in Colfax, Illinois, and for three years as a parttime advertising copywriter for radio station WXYZ. As the enclosed resume indicates, I majored in English and minored in journalism at Illinois State University.
My experience with various writing and proofreading assignments could prove useful to your firm. I know a position with your nationally known firm would be satisfying to me, as it would further my ambition to become a professional editor.
May I come in for an interview at your convenience? If you wish to telephone me, you can reach me in the morning. Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely,
Sue LeSeure (Signature)
Sue LeSeure
例2： 求职信
(Heading)
(Inside Address)
Dear Sir,
I am writing in response to the advertisement you placed in The Computer World for a software programmer. Due to the good reputation of your company and the opportunities you provide your employees, I would like to apply for the position.
I believe that both my education and experience are directly related to your requirements. I graduated with distinction from Tsinghua University three years ago, with a masters degree in computer programming. Besides taking courses in computer, I have taken many optional courses, such as electronics circuit, market planning and so on. Along with my education, I have worked as a computer programmer in Stone Ltd. for two years with excellent performance. Therefore my education and job experience have given me the ability you are looking for. I know a position with your internationally known company would be satisfying to me. I would appreciate the opportunity to join your company.
I would like to be informed of the starting salary and the opportunity for further study and I will appreciate an interview at your convenience.
I hope that you will give my application prompt and careful attention.
Sincerely yours，
Alice Brown (Signature)
Alice Brown
例3： 求学信
(Heading)
(Inside Address)
Dear Professor Smith,
I am writing to apply for admission to your university for further studies in the field of Physical Chemistry leading to a Ph.D. degree. I would also like to apply for a position as a teaching assistant or research assistant, or any other financial aid available for foreign students. Would you please send me the necessary information and forms?
I am 25, male, majoring in chemistry. I received my M.S. degree from Nanjing University of Science and Technology in 1993. I have since been working as a teaching assistant in the Chemistry Department there.
An early reply would be appreciated. Thank you.
Respectfully yours,
(Signature)
Li Ming
2 B节短文写作
1) 图画式作文
“图画式作文”和后面将要介绍的“图表式作文”一样，相对于其他作文题型而言在题目设计上更具灵活性，以图画或图表的形式对作文的主题和内容进行限定，给考生更大的思维空间，可以更好地测试出考生对图画或图表的观察、分析和概括能力，以及文字表达能力。
相对于“命题式作文”和“段首句式作文”来说，“图画(表)式作文”的难度较大。因为在图画（表）式作文题型中，考生面对的除了文字说明外，还有图画（表）和数据。此外，考生还要对所给的数据进行分析，正确理解图画（表）中所包含的各种信息，以及这些信息之间的关系，然后再进行归纳和总结。因此，对广大考生来说，图画(表)式作文不失为一种更高层次上的考查方式。
(1) 图画式作文的命题特点
图画式作文通常是给出一幅或几幅漫画或图片，要求考生仔细分析图画的内容，并通过文字形式将图中所包含的思想内容准确地表达出来。一般来说，所给图画均反映一定的社会现象或社会现实，如2001年考试所给图画反映的是“献爱心”这一具有社会意义的现象，2003年考试所给图画反映的是“在父母宠爱下的青少年经不起风雨”这一社会现实。2005年考试所给图画反映的是当今社会有些子女推卸赡养老人的责任和义务这一社会现实。
图画式作文的考试内容和信息是以图画的形式出现在考生面前，这就要求考生在写作时要有敏锐的观察力，利用图画中的所有信息，揣摩、推测出题者的意图，确定图画所表达的中心思想。
(2) 图画式作文的写作技巧
图画式作文写作的关键是要清楚题意，即清楚所给图画想要传达的真正信息是什么，理解图画的表层含义及深层含义，然后将其清楚、正确地表达出来。
A 认真审题
对于任何形式的作文来说，审题都是最为关键的一步。在审题时，考生要认真分析图画所反映的内容以及出题者的意图，分析图画的表层含义和深层含义，通过表层含义分析图画真正想要说明的问题是什么，从而挖掘出其深层含义以确定文章的中心思想。
B 确定写作重点
审题之后，根据分析的结果组织安排段落，确定每一个段落的主题和写作重点，然后根据题目要求进行选材，并对所选材料再进行筛选和分类。
C 确定写作模式
确定写作模式实际上就是按照题目要求确定文章的整体结构。图画式作文的一般写作模式是：
开始段： 描述图画表层含义及深层含义并由此得出结论
中间段： 解释原因、分析结果，或进一步论证主题思想
结束段： 提出建议或发表个人评论
D 掌握并熟悉图画式作文的规范用语
As is described in the picture...*"The picture shows...
The picture describes...It indicates that...
In the picture, we can see...It reveals that...
三、考研英语作文写作模式
鉴于B节短文写作部分题型较复杂，考生把握起来更加困难，本章将进一步分析这一部分作文的写作模式。虽然硕士研究生入学考试英语作文部分有着严格的命题要求，题材范围非常广泛，而且自采用图表（画）式作文后，提纲要求也产生了一些变化，但是，通过认真分析和研究历年试题可以发现，不管作文的命题形式如何变化，提纲要求如何变化，总的命题思路并没有发生重大变化。从这一点出发，我们就可以从中找到一些规律，并按照这些规律，摸索出考研英语作文(议论文写作部分)的写作模式。有了这些写作模式，再加上熟悉和掌握一些相应的常用句型，考生就能够提高作文得分。
英语作文(应用文除外，下同)大多可以采用“三段式”模式，具体可描述为：
开始段： 引言句＋扩展句＋主旨句
中间段： 主题句＋过渡词１＋要点１＋论据１
＋过渡词２＋要点２＋论据２
＋过渡词３＋要点３＋论据３
结束段： 过渡词＋总结句＋扩展句
这一基本模式可以根据不同的题目内容和命题方式演化为下面这些具体的考研英语作文的写作模式，如：
开始段： 谈某一个问题
中间段： 分析原因或可能产生的后果
结束段： 提出解决方案或建议
1现象解释模式
这一模式主要适用于现象解释型作文的写作。如1993年（关于电视广告），1995年（关于希望工程），2002年（关于文化的融合），2003年（关于子女教育问题），2005(关于赡养老人问题)等试题都可以按照这一模式来写。其他可套用这一写作模式的话题还有：出国留学热、学外语热、工人下岗、盗版、独生子女、人口增长等。
现象解释模式可以具体描述为：开始段介绍现象的普及程度。中间段解释产生这种现象的原因或意义。解释原因可以从社会和个人两个方面入手；若是谈这种现象的意义，也可着重谈其与社会及个人的关系。结束段表明态度或提出建议。
1) 介绍现象普及程度的句型
Nowadays/Recently, there has been a growing/widespread concern among the general public over.
Nowadays/Recently, it becomes increasingly common for people/us to see/find.
Nowadays/Recently, an increasing number of people become extremely concerned over.
Nowadays/Recently, much attention/emphasis has been put/placed on.
Recent years have witnessed/experienced an increasing number/amount of.
Recently the phenomenon ofhas aroused public/worldwide attention.
Recently the phenomenon of/rise inhas aroused general/international concern.
2) 解释原因的句型
There may be a combination of factors which contribute to/are responsible for/explain.
The widespreadofmay be due to/attributed to.
There may be several possible reasons forwhich will be demonstrated below.
There may bea number of
a combination of
a variety ofreasons for thisdramatic
significant
markeddecline/change in
as illustrated below.
A combination/number of factors may contribute to/account for.
Its no easy/simple task to offer the reasons for this phenomenon which involves more than one complicated factor.
The explanation for this phenomenon involves many complicated factors.
The mainly stems from
is chiefly caused by
is largely due toseveral possible factors.
We may attribute theto.
3) 解释另一原因的句型
Among all the important/convincing reasons for, one should be emphasized.
One of the most common/popular reasons foris that.
Of course, theis not by itself an adequate explanation for.
Of course, thedoes not in itself explain/account for.
4) 表明态度或提出建议的句型
As the issue plays such an important part in both society and our life, due/more attention should be paid to it.
As the issue has a farreaching influence on both society and our life, due/more attention should be paid to it.
Despite the advantages of, there are also some disadvantages that cannot be ignored.
Whatever the reason, does have much influence on our life.
5) 常用词汇和短语
concern, attention, emphasis, development, growth, account for, due to, explain, contribute to, attribute to, change, increase, rise, decline 等。
参考范文1：
Advertisements on TVToday, it has become increasingly common for people to see advertisements on TV. Whenever we turn on our television, we will see various kinds of advertisements. When we are absorbed in a wonderful TV program, advertisements will interrupt at any time and will be very annoying.
There may be two main reasons for the increasing number of ads on TV. To begin with, in a competitive economy, a variety of products are similar to each other in quality and price. As consumers have more choices, with increasing brands of the same product, manufacturers want to convince consumers that their products are better. Secondly, when a new product is available on the market, the manufacturer would like to inform consumers and to tell them how good their products are. Some consumers are interested in this kind of service because they wish to get firsthand information of new products so they can choose the one they like best. All these have led to the sharp increase in advertisements on TV.
It cannot be denied that advertisements have much influence on our life. However, ads also have some bad influences. For instance, they may lead us to buy what we do not really want. Some ads do not tell the truth. So sometimes consumers may feel being cheated when they buy a product whose quality does not live up to what is advertised. So, in my opinion, consumers should hold a rational attitude toward advertisement on TV.
参考范文2：
Project HopeIn recent years, there has been a widespread concern about Project Hopes campaign which is now being conducted in our country. The project aims at providing underprivileged children with tuition fees, setting up new primary schools, and supplying poorly equipped schools with better facilities so that schoolagers in remote rural areas may have the opportunity to receive education.
The reasons that much concern is placed upon Project Hope may be demonstrated below. In the first place, Project Hope brings hope to thousands of children who have dropped out of school because of financial difficulties. As we all know, schooling is important and will contribute a great deal to the development of the economy in rural areas. As a developing country, China is not likely to invest large amounts of money in education. It needs help from the whole society. Whats more, with more and more children having access to education, the intelligence level in the country as a whole will increase and thus will benefit the countrys modernization.
As the project has a farreaching influence on our society, much attention should be paid to it. More work should be done by the government to make greater contribution to the project, and the public should also be encouraged to finance the project.
四、考研英语写作常见错误和应对策略
1. 考研英语写作中的常见错误
作文部分是考研英语试卷中最难的主观题，也是考生得分率较低的题型。从历年考试来看，考生在写作部分大量失分的原因是考生在写作中存在一些具有代表性的普遍问题。以下是一些从考生作文中摘抄下来的例子。
(1) Today, students who take part in social practice become more and more.
(2) Light will be more powerful when the circumstances is more dark.
(3) As a university student, we can study hard science knowledge.
(4) In remote country, some children cant go to school because no money.
(5) If we help others without thinking whether others need, it perhaps decrease others confidence.
(6) I think the best way to show love is our suitable help when others are facing with difficulty and need our helps.
(7) In the picture below, in the dark full situation, a little of spark enlightens the dark.
(8) We offer love, more important, we need love.
(9) But for my roommates help I couldnt live up not only in physics but also in spirits.
(10) Lets hold our hands to build our country filled in love hearts.
上面的例子代表了考研作文中存在的一些普遍问题。这些问题概括起来主要表现在以下几个方面：
■ 审题不清，致使文章内容偏离主题。如在2002年考试中，有些考生将作文的主题定位为“中国的民族服装为何受西方人喜爱”，偏离了“文化融合”这一主题。我们知道，依据作文的评分原则，若文章内容不切题，则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确，都会被判为零分。
■ 内容空洞，言之无物，东拉西扯，无明显主题。
■ 汉语思维，逐字翻译，中式英语。很多考生在写英语作文时，习惯于先用汉语进行构思，然后再将汉语译成英语。结果文章中出现很多中式英语，令人难以理解。大家最熟悉的一个典型例子是：Good good study, day day up （好好学习，天天向上）。
■ 词汇量小，用词不准确，词不达意。如do some contribution中的do就属于用词不准确，应该用make。
■ 语法错误较多，主要表现为主谓不一致，第三人称单数不加s，以及时态语态、名词单复数、句子完整性方面的错误。这些错误在考生看来可能无关紧要，但直接影响着作文的整体质量。
■ 句子单调，句型单一，句式缺少变化。
■ 不会使用起承上启下作用的过渡词语，文章缺乏连贯性。
总之，一篇优秀的英语作文在内容和语言两方面应是一个统一体，任何一方面的欠缺都会直接影响到作文的质量。然而，很多考生在写作中或者由于粗心大意，或者由于基本功不扎实而经常出现一些语法、词汇、逻辑、语篇等方面的错误。这些错误如果得不到及时的解决，将直接影响作文得高分。下面对这几方面的错误分别予以分析和说明。
1) 词汇错误
词汇方面的错误主要表现在拼写不正确、词形相近而词义不同的词的混用、名词单复数不清、搭配不当等。
(1) 拼写错误
拼写是考生应该具备的起码的基本功，但在考生的作文中却经常能发现很多拼写错误。拼写错误虽然未被列入扣分标准，但大量拼写错误的存在不仅体现出语言基本功差，同时也直接影响内容的表达。以下例子中，划线部分为拼写不正确的单词。从中可以看出，有些拼写错误影响了整个句子的意思。
...flower cuircling her head and Chinese Changming lock in her chest...
In its long history it beared excellent culture，...
In the past, we are stranged to see a person in other countries costume while now we are very familiar with this.
What I accomplished today party attribute to all of them giving me a hand to my school work.
With the development of saciety, ...
enviroment pollution,
We could do anything happyly.
If we have a family fulling of people who love you, ...
(2) 近形异义词（词组）混用
英语中有很多单词（词组）词形非常相似，但词义却相差甚远，使用起来往往容易混淆。这是考研英语作文中另一词汇方面的常见错误。这些词（词组）的混用或误用经常会引起歧义，有时甚至会产生相反的意思。如contribute to 和attribute to意思就完全相反，但考生常将二者混淆；其他容易混淆的词还有：
confirm （确认） —— conform （使……适合）
economic （经济的） —— economical （节约的）
courage （勇气） —— encourage （鼓励）
transmit （传送） —— transform （转换）
liter （升、公升） —— litter （乱丢、乱扔）
consist of （由……组成） —— consist in （存在于……）
belong to （属于） —— belong in （应归入……）
(3) 搭配不当
英语中有大量的习惯用语和固定搭配，这些搭配主要有名词、动词、形容词与介词或副词的搭配。有些考生由于对此掌握得不够牢固，经常在这方面出错，从而影响了对作文的理解。
误： to solve the question
正： to solve the problem (or: to answer the question)
误： pay attention on
正： pay attention to
误： Many changes have happened.
正： Many changes have taken place.
误： on my opinion
正： in my opinion
(4) 用词不当
许多考生由于词汇量有限，或单词掌握得不够牢固，因此不能正确使用已学过和已经记住的单词，出现用词不当、词不达意等问题。 例如： the naive spark, enlighten the dark, a happy home, calm gulf, health knowledge等。
五、 考研英语写作模拟试题(50篇)
A应用文模拟试题 (15篇)
Practice 1
Directions:
An English newspaper has recently started a forum for the readers to discuss on the question of “Is it possible to find love online?” Write a letter to the editor, stating your point of view, and explain why.
Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
范文1：
(Heading)
(Inside Address)
Dear Editor,
Thank you for providing a special column for the discussion on net romance. As far as Im concerned, I think online love may be possible but it is dangerous.
I have had friends who have “fallen in love" with someone online and when they met it was a huge letdown because they had fallen in love with their perception of each other or the best qualities of each other. Its easy to make yourself sound really good online and only the best of you comes across.
