Bellows, Alan. “Clever Hans the Math Horse.” Damn Interesting, February 2007. https://www.damninteresting.com/clever-hans-the-math-horse/.
Brown, Erik. “Clever Hans—the Horse That Could Count.” Medium, April 12, 2019. https://medium.com/lessons-from-history/clever-hans-thehorse-that-could-count-561cdd5a1eab.
Dare, Tim. “Clever Hans: Cueing and the Observer Effect.” Future Learn, n.d. https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/logical-and-criticalthinking/0/steps/9163.
Epley, Nicholas. Mindwise: Why We Misunderstand What Others Think, Believe, Feel, and Want. New York: Knopf Doubleday, 2014.
Eyal, Tal, and Nicholas Epley. “How to Seem Telepathic: Enabling Mind Reading by Matching Construal.” Psychological Science 21, no. 5 (2010): 700–705. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0956797610367754.
Eyal, T., M. Steffel, and N. Epley. “Perspective Mistaking: Accurately Understanding the Mind of Another Requires Getting Perspective, Not Taking Perspective.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 114, no. 4 (2018): 547–71. http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-13651-004.
Galinsky, Adam D., Cynthia S. Wang, and Gillian Ku. “Perspective-Takers Behave More Stereotypically.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 95, no. 2 (2008): 404–19. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18665710/.
Goman, Carol Kinsey. The Silent Language of Leaders: How Body Language Can Help—or Hurt—How You Lead. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2011.
Hall, Judith A., Marianne Schmid Mast, and Tessa V. West. The Social Psychology of Perceiving Others Accurately. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
Hooper, Rowan. Superhuman: Life at the Extremes of Our Capacity. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2018.
Knapp, Mark L., Judith Hall, and Terrence G. Horgan. Nonverbal Communication in Human Interaction eighth edition. Boston: Wadsworth, Cengage Textbook, 2014.
Konnikova, Maria. The Confidence Game: Why We Fall for It . . . Every Time. New York: Penguin, 2016.
Murphy, Heather. “Why It Seems as If Everyone Is Always Angry with You.” New York Times, April 24, 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/24/science/reading-neutral-faces.html.
New York Times. “Berlin's Wonderful Horse.” September 5, 1904. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1904/09/04/101396572.pdf.
New York Times. “‘Clever Hans' Again.” October 2, 1904. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1904/10/02/120289067.pdf.
New York Times. “Expert Commission Decides That the Horse Actually Reasons.” 1904.
New York Times. “A Horse—and the Wise Men.” July 23, 1911. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1911/07/23/104872007.pdf.
Pfungst, Oskar. Clever Hans (The Horse of Mr. Von Osten): A Contribution to Experimental Animal and Human Psychology. Translated by Carl L. Rahn. 1911. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/33936/33936-h/33936-h.htm.
Samhita, Laasya, and Hans J. Gross. “The ‘Clever Hans Phenomenon' Revisited.” Communicative and Integrative Biology 6, no. 6 (2013). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3921203/.
Swann, William B., Jr., and Michael J. Gill. “Beliefs, Confidence, and the Widows Ademoski: On Knowing What We Know About Others.” 107–25. https://labs.la.utexas.edu/swann/files/2017/05/Ademoski.pdf.
Swann, William B., Jr., and Michael J. Gill. “Confidence and Accuracy in Person Perception: Do We Know What We Think We Know About Our Relationship Partners?” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 73, no. 4 (1997): 747–57. https://labs.la.utexas.edu/swann/files/2016/03/swann_gill97.pdf.
Todorov, Alexander. Face Value: The Irresistible Influence of First Impressions. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2017.
Wikipedia. “Clever Hans.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clever_Hans.
Wikipedia. “Observer-Expectancy Effect.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observer-expectancy_effect.