1. Jody Rosen, “The Knowledge, London’s Legendary Taxi- Driver Test, Puts Up a Fight in the Age of GPS,” New York Times, November 10, 2014, https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/10/t-magazine/london-taxi-test-knowledge.html·_r=0.
2. 教科书的论述可以参考Joshua S. Gans, Core Economics for Managers (Australia: Cengage, 2005).
3. 原因如下：
「带伞」的平均报酬
= (3/4)（晴天带伞，身体干爽）+ (1/4)（雨天带伞，身体干爽）
= (3/4) 8 + (1/4) 8 = 8
「不带伞」的平均报酬
= (3/4)（晴天不带伞，身体干爽）+ (1/4)（雨天不带伞，身体淋湿）
= (3/4) 10 + (1/4) 0 = 7.5
