1. Steven Levy, “A Spreadsheet Way of Knowledge,” Wired, October 24, 2014, https://backchannel.com/a-spreadsheet-way-of-knowledge-8de60af7146e.
2. Nick Statt, “The Next Big Leap in AI Could Come from Warehouse Robots,” The Verge, June 1, 2017, https://www.theverge.com/2017/6/1/15703146/ kindred-orb-robot-ai-startup-warehouse-automation.
3. L. B. Lusted, “Logical Analysis in Roentgen Diagnosis,” Radiology 74 (1960): 178–193.
4. Siddhartha Mukherjee, “A.I. versus M.D.,” New Yorker, April 3, 2017, http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/04/03/ai-versus-md.
5. S. Jha and E. J. Topol, “Adapting to Artificial Intelligence: Radiologists and Pathologists as Information Specialists,” Journal of the American Medical Association 316, no. 22 (2016): 2353–2354.
6. 这里的概念很多与法兰克.列维(Frank Levy)的讨论有关,“Computers and the Supply of Radiology Services,” Journal of the American College of Radiology 5, no. 10 (2008): 1067–1072.
7. 见Verdict Hospital (http://www.hospitalmanagement.net/features/feature51500/) 2009年对美国放射医学会(American College of Radiology)主席的访谈。更多学术参考文献可见Leonard Berlin, “The Radiologist: Doctor’s Doctor or Patient’s Doctor,” American Journal of Roentgenology 128, no. 4 (1977), http://www.ajronline.org/doi/pdf/10.2214/ajr.128.4.702.
8. Levy, “Computers and the Supply of Radiology Services.”
9. Jha and Topol, “Adapting to Artificial Intelligence”; S. Jha, “Will Computers Replace Radiologists·” Medscape 30 (December 2016), http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/863127#vp_1.
10. Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne, “The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation·” Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, September 2013, http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/academic/The_Future_of_Employment.pdf.
11. 货车制造商已经在最新车辆中加入护送功能。富豪(Volvo)已经在几次测试中纳入这个功能,而特斯拉的新半挂式电动卡车(Tesla Semi)从一开始就内建这些功能。