奥尔登·斯宾塞和我共同发表了一些关于海马体的论文，参见E. R. Kandel, W. A. Spencer, and F. J. Brinley Jr., “Electrophysiology of hippocampal neurons. I: Sequential invasion and synaptic organization,” J. Neurophysiol. 24 (1961): 225–42; E. R. Kandel and W. A. Spencer, “Electrophysiology of hippocampal neurons. II: After-potentials and repetitive firing,” J. Neurophysiol. 24 (1961): 243–59; W. A. Spencer and E. R. Kandel, “Electrophysiology of hippocampal neurons. III: Firing level and time constant,” J. Neurophysiol. 24 (1961): 260–71; 和W. A. Spencer and E. R. Kandel, “Electrophysiology of hippocampal neurons. IV: Fast prepotentials.” J. Neurophysiol. 24 (1961): 272–85; E. R. Kandel and W. A. Spencer, “The pyramidal cell during hippocampal seizure.” Epilepsia2 (1961): 63–69; 以及W. A. Spencer and E. R. Kandel, “Hippocampal neuron responses to selective activation of recurrent collaterals of hippocampofugal axons,” Exptl. Neurol. 4 (1961): 149–61.
学习记忆和穿质通路的实验完成于2004年，发表信息为：M. F. Nolan, G. Malleret, J. T. Dudman, D. L. Buhl, B. Santoro, E. Gibbs, S. Vronskaya, G. Buzsáki, S. A. Siegelbaum, E. R. Kandel, and A. Morozov, “A behavioral role for dendritic integration: HCN1 channels constrain spatial memory and plasticity at inputs to distal dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons.” Cell119 (2004): 719–32.
对于海兔的优点及其生物学的描述，参见E. R. Kandel, Cellular Basis of Behavior: An Introduction to Behavioral Neurobiology(San Francisco: Freeman, 1976); 和The Behavioral Biology of Aplysia: A Contribution to the Comparative Study of Opisthobranch Molluscs(San Francisco: Freeman, 1979).
本章其他信息参考了以下文献：
Brenner, S. My Life in Science. London: Biomed Central, 2002. “你需要做的是……”摘自第56–60页。
———. “Nature’s gift to science.” In Les Prix Nobel/The Nobel Prizes, edited by Nobel Foundation, 268–83. Stockholm: Almquist & Wiksell International, 2002.
Hilgard, E. Theories of Learning. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1956.
