对于弗洛伊德的突触可塑性和记忆理论的探讨，参见S. Freud, “Project for a scientific psychology,” in Standard Edition, trans. and ed. James Strachey et al., vol. 1, 281–397 (New York: W. W. Norton, 1976); K. H. Pribram and M. M. Gill, Freud’s “Project” Re-assessed: Preface to Contemporary Cognitive Theory and Neuropsychology(New York: Basic Books, 1976); 和F. J. Sulloway, Freud: Biologist of the Mind(New York: Basic Books, 1979).
我和同事们还分析了经典条件作用的机制。1983年，霍金斯、卡鲁和我描绘了一个突触前成分，它是在敏感化中起作用的机制的增强物。1992年，尼古拉斯·戴尔和我发现感觉神经元使用谷氨酸作为它的递质。1994年，我以前的学生戴维·格兰茨曼以及随后罗伯特·霍金斯和我做出一个重要观察，发现还存在一个重要的突触后成分。参见X. Y. Lin and D. L. Glanzman, “Long-term potentiation of Aplysiasensorimotor synapses in cell culture regulation by postsynaptic voltage,” Biol. Sci. 255 (1994): 113–18; 和I. Antonov, I. Antonova, E. R. Kandel, and R. D. Hawkins, “Activity-dependent presynaptic facilitation and Hebbian LTP are both required and interact during classical conditioning in Aplysia,” Neuron37 (2003): 135–47.
对于学习机制的其他观点，参见R. Adey, “Electrophysiological patterns and electrical impedance characteristics in orienting and discriminative behavior,” Proc. Int. Physiol. Soc. (Tokyo) 23 (1965): 324–29; 引文摘自第235页; B. D. Burns, The Mammalian Cerebral Cortex(London: Arnold, 1958); 引文摘自第96页; S. R. Cajal, “The Croonian Lecture. La Fine structure des centers nerveux,” Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. B55 (1894): 444–67; 和D. O. Hebb, The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory(New York: John Wiley, 1949).
本章其他信息参考了以下文献：
Castellucci, V., H. Pinsker, I. Kupfermann, and E. R. Kandel. “Neuronal mechanisms of habituation and dishabituation of the gill-withdrawal reflex in Aplysia.” Science167 (1970): 1745–48. “这些数据表明……”摘自第1748页。
Hawkins, R. D., T. W. Abrams, T. J. Carew, and E. R. Kandel. “A cellular mechanism of classical conditioning in Aplysia: Activity-dependent amplification of presynaptic facilitation.” Science219 (1983): 400–405.
Kandel, E. R. A Cell-Biological Approach to Learning. Grass Lecture Monograph I. Bethesda, Md.: Society for Neuroscience, 1978.
Kupfermann, I., V. Castellucci, H. Pinsker, and E. R. Kandel. “Neuronal correlates of habituation and dishabituation of the gill-withdrawal reflex in Aplysia.” Science167 (1970): 1743–45.
Pinsker, H., I. Kupfermann, V. Castellucci, and E. R. Kandel. “Habituation and dishabituation of the gill-withdrawal reflex in Aplysia.” Science167 (1970): 1740–43. “对学习的神经机制……”摘自第1740页。
