···1.·“MedicaidandCHIPEligibilityLevels,” Medicaid, April 2016, https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/program -information/medicaid-and-chip-eligibility-levels/index.html.
···2.·These numbers were calculated by a senior researcher with the Urban Institute.
···3.·Hope Yen, “Which Group Now Receives the Most Food Stamps in U.S.·” Associated Press, January 27, 2014, https://www.equalvoiceforfamilies.org/new-group-receives-the-most-food-stamps-in-u-s-who/.
···4.·Bettina Chang, “Survey: The State of Adjunct Professors,” Pacific Standard, March 19, 2015, https://psmag.com/economics/2015-survey-state-of-adjunct -professors.
···5.·Josh Mitchell, “Grad- School Loan Binge Fans Debt Worries,” Wall Street Journal, August 18, 2015, https://www.wsj.com/articles/loan-binge-by -graduate-students-fans-debt-worries-1439951900.
···6.·Lauren Berlant, Cruel Optimism (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011), 1.
···7.·Miya Tokumitsu, Do What You Love: And Other Lies about Success and Happiness (New York: Regan Arts, 2015).
···8.·Keith Hoeller, “The Wal-Mart-ization of Higher Education: How Young Professors Are Getting Screwed,” Salon, February 16, 2014, http://www.salon.com/2014/02/16/the_wal _mart_ization_of_higher_education_how_young_professors_are _getting_screwed/.
···9.·Dean Spears, “Economic Decision- Making in Poverty Depletes Behavioral Control” (working paper, Princeton University, 2010), 12.
10.·Linda Tirado, Hand to Mouth: Living in Bootstrap America (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 2015), 25.
11.·二○一六年的美国总统大选，凸显了当前在美国特定地区蔓延的「反菁英」、尤其是「反知识分子」的氛围， 正如学者黛佛拉·鲍姆（Devorah Baum）所描述的：政治生活中新崛起的无知价值观。尽管有些人称此流派为「川普主义」，但我认为该流派所代表的更显著意义，在于「未受教育者」的认同崛起。川普阵营让选民能以「未受教育」此一特质为傲。如同川普本人在经历数次初选胜利后所说的：「我喜欢教育程度不高的人。」拥护该阵营的支持者，违背了美国数十年来的信念。主流政治家总是鼓励人们追求更高的教育学位、学习过去几世纪以来所积累而成的先人智能、珍视知识，追求专精（无论是在政治界或市民身上）。
12.·Alissa Quart, “Adventures in Neurohumanities,” The Nation, May 8, 2013, https://www .thenation.com/article/adventures-neurohumanities/ .
13.·“Earnings in the Past 12 Months (in 2015 Inflation- Adjusted Dollars)”: 2015 American Community Survey One-Year Estimates,” FactFinder, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, D.C., https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml·pid=ACS_15_1YR_S2001&prodType=table.
14.·Jordan Weissmann, “The Ever-Shrinking Role of Tenured College Professors (in 1 Chart),” The Atlantic, April 10, 2013, https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2013/04/the-ever-shrinking-role-of-tenured-college-professors-in-1-chart/274849/.
15.·“A Portrait of Part-Time Faculty Members,” Coalition on the Academic Workforce, June 2012, http://www.academicworkforce.org/CAW_portrait_2012.pdf.
16.·Colleen Flaherty, “15K per Course·” Inside Higher Ed, February 9, 2015, https://www.insidehighered.com /news/2015/02/09/union-sets-aspirational-goal-adjunct-pay.
17.·Alissa Quart, “The Professor Charity Case,” Pacific Standard, March 19, 2015, https://psmag .com/social-justice/professor-charity-case-adjuncts-precaricorps.
18.·“On National Adjunct Walkout Day, Professors Call Out Poverty-Level Wages and Poor Working Conditions,” Democracy Now! February 25, 2015, https://www.democracynow.org/2015/2/25/on_national_adjunct _walkout_day_professors.
19.·Paul F. Campos, “The Real Reason College Tuition Costs So Much,” New York Times, April 4, 2015, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/05 /opinion/sunday/the-real-reason-college-tuition-costs-so-much .html.
20.·John Hechinger, “The Troubling Dean-to-Professor Ratio,” Bloomberg News, November 21, 2012, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-11-21/the-troubling-dean-to-professor-ratio.
21.·Suzanne Hudson, “SB15-094 Defeated in Committee,” American Association of University Professors Colorado Conference, January 29, 2015, https://aaupcolorado.org/page/2/.
22.·Max Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, trans. Talcott Parsons (New York: Dover, 2003).
