···1.·American Trucker Associations, “Reports, Trends & Statistics,” http://www.trucking .org/NewsandInformationReportsIndustryData.aspx
···2.·World Economic Forum, “The Future of Jobs: Employment, Skills and Workforce Strategy for the Fourth Industrial Revolution,” January 2016, p.13.
···3.·Joelle Renstrom, “Robot Nurses Will Make Shortages Obsolete,” Daily Beast, September 24, 2016.
···4.·James Manyika et al., “Disruptive Technologies: Advances That Will Transform Life, Business, and the Global Economy,” McKinsey Global Institute, May 2013, https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/digital-mckinsey/our-insights/disruptive-technologies.
···5.·Evans Data Corporation, “Software Developers Worry They Will Be Replaced By AI,” March 2016.
···6.·Michael J. Hicks and Srikant Devaraj, “The Myth and the Reality of Manufacturing in America,” Ball State University, Muncie, IN, June 2015, http://projects .cberdata.org/reports/MfgReality.pdf.
···7.·Brian Hopkins et al., “The Top Emerging Technologies to Watch: 2017 to 2021,” Forrester, September 12, 2016, https://www.forrester.com/report /The+Top+Emerging+Technologies+To+Watch+2017+To+2021 /-/E-RES133144.
···8.·Marco della Cava, “Self-Driving Truck Makes First Trip—A 120-Mile Beer Run,” USA Today, October 26, 2016, https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/news /2016/10/25/120-mile-beer-run-made-self-driving-truck /92695580/.
···9.·“My Problem With Uber All Along.” http://www.rushkoff.com/rebooting-work/ Douglas Rushkoff’s Website, Also Medium, October 17, 2015 in a review “Getting Over Uber” Susan Crawford.
10.·Jenny Gold, “The Orderly Zipping around the Hospital May Be a Robot,” Marketplace, Minnesota Public Radio, February 23, 2016, https://www.marketplace .org/2016/02/25/health-care/orderly-zipping-around-hospital -may-be-robot.
11.·“Occupational Outlook Handbook: Registered Nurses,” U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, D.C., last modified October 24, 2017, https://www .bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/registered-nurses.htm.
12.·Benjamin Mullin, “Robot-Writing Increased AP’s Earnings Stories by Tenfold,” Poynter, January 29, 2015, https://www.poynter.org/news/robot-writing-increased-aps-earnings-stories-tenfold.
13.·Zeynep Tufekci, “Failing the Third Machine Age: When Robots Come for Grandma,” Medium, July 22, 2014, https://medium.com/message/failing-the-third-machine-age-1883e647ba74.
14.·James Griffiths, “Singapore Turns to Robots to Get Seniors Moving,” CNN, February 29, 2016, http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/20/asia/singapore-aging -robot-coaches-seniors/index.html.
15.·Louise Aronson, “The Future of Robot Caregivers,” New York Times, July 19, 2014, https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/20/opinion/sunday/the-future -of-robot-caregivers.html.
16.·SianneNgai,“TheoryoftheGimmick,” Critical Inquiry 43, no. 2 (2017): 467.
17.·Adam Conner-Simons, “Robot Helps Nurses Schedule Tasks on Labor Floor,” MIT News, July 13, 2016. http://news.mit.edu/2016/robot-helps-nurses-schedule-tasks -on-labor-floor-0713.
18.·The tech intellectual Jaron Lanier calls the winners of the rise of the robots the “siren servers.” He dubs this tech ruling class—those who produce and finance these machines— “narcissists; blind to where value comes from, including the web of global interdependence that is at the core of their own value.” (Those who reap the most from this efficiency are, by and large, rich technologists.) Jaron Lanier, Who Owns the Future· (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2013.)
19.·Deborah Bach, “Study Reveals Surprising Truths about Caregivers,” UWNews, June 16, 2015, https://www.washington.edu/news/2015/06/16/study-reveals -surprising-truths-about-caregivers/.
20.·Madeline Ashby, “Ashby: Let’s Talk about Canadian Values (Values Like a Universal Basic Income),” Ottawa Citizen, November 15, 2016, http://ottawacitizen.com/opinion/columnists/ashby-lets-talk-about-canadian-values-values-like-a-universal-basic-income.
21.·Kathi Weeks, The Problem with Work: Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011).
22.·James Livingston, No More Work: Why Full Employment Is a Bad Idea (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2016).
23.·Judith Shulevitz, “It’s Payback Time for Women,” New York Times, January 10, 2016.
24.·Barbara Almond, “The Fourth Impossible Profession,” Psychology Today, November 5, 2010, https://www .psychologytoday.com/blog/maternal-ambivalence/201011/the-fourth-impossible-profession.
25.·As the writer Sue Halpern put it in the New York Review of Books: “All economies have winners and losers. It does not take a sophisticated algorithm to figure out that the winners in the decades ahead are going to be those who own the robots, for they will have vanquished labor with their capital.” Halpern, “Our Driverless Future,” New York Review of Books, November 24, 2016, http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2016 /11/24/driverless-intelligent-cars-road-ahead/.
结语
···1.·JerryKaplan,Humans Need Not Apply: A Guide to Wealth and Work in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015).
···2.·Michael Chui, James Manyika, and Mehdi Miremadi, “Four Fundamentals of Workplace Automation,” McKinsey Quarterly, November 2015, https://www.mckinsey .com/business-functions/digital-mckinsey/our-insights/four -fundamentals-of-workplace-automation.
···3.·Lisa Baraitser, Maternal Encounters: The Ethics of Interruption (London: Routledge, 2009), 26.
···4.·Toni Morrison, Conversations with Toni Morrison, ed. Danille K. Taylor-Guthrie (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1994), 270.
···5.·Michael Kimmel, Angry White Men: American Masculinity at the End of an Era (New York: Nation Books, 2013).
